Git commands

1. Configure username and email

Command

$ git config --global user.name "<username>"
$ git config --global user.email <email id>

Example

$ git config --global user.name "John Doe"
$ git config --global user.email [email protected]

2. Create a new local repository

Command

$ git init

Note: Create a folder in your system and run this command to create a local repository.

3. Clone a repository

Command

$ git clone <repository url>

Example

$ git clone https://github.com/srivatsa17/Git-commands.git

4. Create a new branch, switch to it and push to remote

Command

$ git checkout -b <new branch> <existing branch>
$ git push <remote name> <new branch>

Example

$ git checkout -b development master
$ git push origin development

5. Switch from one branch to another

Command

$ git checkout <existing branch>

Example

$ git checkout development

6. List current branch

Command

$ git branch

7. List all branches

Command

$ git branch -a

8. Push all local branches to remote

Command

$ git push -all <remote name>

Example

$ git push -all origin 

9. Delete a particular branch from remote and local

Command

$ git push -d <remote name> <branch name>
$ git branch -d <branch name>

Example

$ git push -d origin development
$ git branch -d development

10. Adding a changed file to staging

Command

$ git add <filename>

Example

$ git add README.md

11. Adding multiple changed files to staging

Command

$ git add *

12. Commit changes to head but not to remote

Command

$ git commit -m "Commit message"

Example

$ git commit -m "First commit"

13. Push changes to remote

Command

$ git push <remote name> <branch name>

Example

$ git commit origin master

Note: If upstream branch is already configured, just run $ git push

14. Get status of changed files

Command

$ git status

15. Fetch and merge changes on the remote server to your working directory

Command

$ git pull

16. Merge a branch into current branch

Command

$ git merge <branch name>

Example

$ git merge development

If current branch is master, this will merge branch development into master.

17. See the difference between previous and current versions of file modified

Command

$ git diff

18. Reset/Undo the files modified to its previous version

Command

$ git reset

19. Stash the changes for later use

Command

$ git stash

This command takes the uncommitted changes (both staged and unstaged), saves them away for later use, and then reverts them from your working copy.

20. Re-applying stashed changes

Command

$ git stash pop

21. Create Tags

Command

$ git tag <tagname>

Example

$ git tag 2022.05

22. List all Tags

Command

$ git tag -l

23. List the remote name

Command

$ git remote

24. List all the remotes

Command

$ git remote -v

25. List the commit logs

Command

$ git log

26. Print the commit logs

Command

$ git log -p

27. Reverting the commit

Command

$ git revert <commit>

Example

$ git revert d8ed902ffe7c1529d02d9a4857c1f541e2e0ce27

28. Replace the previous commit message

Command

$ git commit --amend -m "New commit message"

Example

$ git commit --amend -m "Updated message"

29. Searching in git

Command

$ git grep <searchable string>

Example

$ git grep "foo()"

30. Revert a git pull or move to a specific version of your code

Command

$ git reflog
$ git reset --hard <commit ID>

git reflog will give the list of commit hashID's git reset --hard <commit ID> will only make changes in local repo git push --force is required if changes has to be pushed to remote server

Example

$ git reset --hard 95377807

This will move our code into previous commit with ID 95377807

31. Reset the untracked files

Command

$ git restore /path/to/folder

git restore . will reset all the files to its original state

32. Copy a commit from one branch to another without merging of branches.

Command

$ git checkout <new branch where you need the commit>
$ git cherry-pick <commit hash>
$ git push

Example

$ git checkout master
$ git cherry-pick a885370
$ git push

Suppose i have branch development with commit hash a885370. I switch to branch master and use cherry pick command.