TCL: Text-grounded Contrastive Learning (CVPR'23)

Official PyTorch implementation of Learning to Generate Text-grounded Mask for Open-world Semantic Segmentation from Only Image-Text Pairs, Junbum Cha, Jonghwan Mun, Byungseok Roh, CVPR 2023.

Text-grounded Contrastive Learning (TCL) is an open-world semantic segmentation framework using only image-text pairs. TCL enables a model to learn region-text alignment without train-test discrepancy.

Demo page is available. Since this demo runs on a free HuggingFace CPU space, inference times may take around 5-10 seconds.

Results

TCL can perform segmentation on both (a, c) existing segmentation benchmarks and (b) arbitrary concepts, such as proper nouns and free-form text, in the wild images.

Additional examples in PASCAL VOC

Additional examples in the wild

Dependencies

We used pytorch 1.12.1 and torchvision 0.13.1.

pip install -U openmim
mim install mmcv-full==1.6.2 mmsegmentation==0.27.0
pip install -r requirements.txt

Note that the order of requirements roughly represents the importance of the version. We recommend using the same version for at least webdataset, mmsegmentation, and timm.

Datasets

Note that much of this section is adapted from the data preparation section of GroupViT README.

We use webdataset as scalable data format in training and mmsegmentation for semantic segmentation evaluation.

The overall file structure is as follows:

TCL
├── data
│   ├── gcc3m
│   │   ├── gcc-train-000000.tar
│   │   ├── ...
│   ├── gcc12m
│   │   ├── cc-000000.tar
│   │   ├── ...
│   ├── cityscapes
│   │   ├── leftImg8bit
│   │   │   ├── train
│   │   │   ├── val
│   │   ├── gtFine
│   │   │   ├── train
│   │   │   ├── val
│   ├── VOCdevkit
│   │   ├── VOC2012
│   │   │   ├── JPEGImages
│   │   │   ├── SegmentationClass
│   │   │   ├── ImageSets
│   │   │   │   ├── Segmentation
│   │   ├── VOC2010
│   │   │   ├── JPEGImages
│   │   │   ├── SegmentationClassContext
│   │   │   ├── ImageSets
│   │   │   │   ├── SegmentationContext
│   │   │   │   │   ├── train.txt
│   │   │   │   │   ├── val.txt
│   │   │   ├── trainval_merged.json
│   │   ├── VOCaug
│   │   │   ├── dataset
│   │   │   │   ├── cls
│   ├── ade
│   │   ├── ADEChallengeData2016
│   │   │   ├── annotations
│   │   │   │   ├── training
│   │   │   │   ├── validation
│   │   │   ├── images
│   │   │   │   ├── training
│   │   │   │   ├── validation
│   ├── coco_stuff164k
│   │   ├── images
│   │   │   ├── train2017
│   │   │   ├── val2017
│   │   ├── annotations
│   │   │   ├── train2017
│   │   │   ├── val2017

The instructions for preparing each dataset are as follows.

Training datasets

In training, we use Conceptual Caption 3m and 12m. We use img2dataset tool to download and preprocess the datasets.

GCC3M

Please download the training split annotation file from Conceptual Caption 3M and name it as gcc3m.tsv.

Then run img2dataset to download the image text pairs and save them in the webdataset format.

sed -i '1s/^/caption\turl\n/' gcc3m.tsv
img2dataset --url_list gcc3m.tsv --input_format "tsv" \
            --url_col "url" --caption_col "caption" --output_format webdataset \
            --output_folder data/gcc3m \
            --processes_count 16 --thread_count 64 \
            --image_size 512 --resize_mode keep_ratio --resize_only_if_bigger True \
            --enable_wandb True --save_metadata False --oom_shard_count 6
rename -d 's/^/gcc-train-/' data/gcc3m/*

Please refer to img2dataset CC3M tutorial for more details.

GCC12M

Please download the annotation file from Conceptual Caption 12M and name it as gcc12m.tsv.

Then run img2dataset to download the image text pairs and save them in the webdataset format.

sed -i '1s/^/caption\turl\n/' gcc12m.tsv
img2dataset --url_list gcc12m.tsv --input_format "tsv" \
            --url_col "url" --caption_col "caption" --output_format webdataset \
            --output_folder data/gcc12m \
            --processes_count 16 --thread_count 64 \
            --image_size 512 --resize_mode keep_ratio --resize_only_if_bigger True \
            --enable_wandb True --save_metadata False --oom_shard_count 6
rename -d 's/^/cc-/' data/gcc12m/*

Please refer to img2dataset CC12M tutorial for more details.

Evaluation datasets

In the paper, we use 8 benchmarks; (i) w/ background: PASCAL VOC20, PASCAL Context59, and COCO-Object, and (ii) w/o background: PASCAL VOC, PASCAL Context, COCO-Stuff, Cityscapes, and ADE20k. Since some benchmarks share the data sources (e.g., VOC20 and VOC), we need to prepare 5 datasets: PASCAL VOC, PASCAL Context, COCO-Stuff164k, Cityscapes, and ADE20k.

Please download and setup PASCAL VOC, PASCAL Context, COCO-Stuff164k, Cityscapes, and ADE20k datasets following MMSegmentation data preparation document.

COCO Object

COCO-Object dataset uses only object classes from COCO-Stuff164k dataset by collecting instance semgentation annotations. Run the following command to convert instance segmentation annotations to semantic segmentation annotations:

python convert_dataset/convert_coco.py data/coco_stuff164k/ -o data/coco_stuff164k/

Training

We use 16 and 8 NVIDIA V100 GPUs for the main and ablation experiments, respectively.

Single node

torchrun --rdzv_endpoint=localhost:5 --nproc_per_node=auto main.py --cfg ./configs/tcl.yml

Multi node

torchrun --rdzv_endpoint=$HOST:$PORT --nproc_per_node=auto --nnodes=$NNODES --node_rank=$RANK main.py --cfg ./configs/tcl.yml

Evaluation

We provide an official checkpoint to reproduce the main results of our paper.

• Zero-shot transfer to semantic segmentation (Table 2):

torchrun --rdzv_endpoint=localhost:5 --nproc_per_node=auto main.py --resume checkpoints/tcl.pth --eval

• Evaluation without PAMR (Table 3 in Appendix):

torchrun --rdzv_endpoint=localhost:5 --nproc_per_node=auto main.py --resume checkpoints/tcl.pth --eval \
    --opts evaluate.pamr=false evaluate.bg_thresh=0.5

Note that we use bg_threshold of 0.4 with PAMR and 0.5 without PAMR, since we observed that PAMR tends to reduce the foreground area.

Citation

@inproceedings{cha2022tcl,
  title={Learning to Generate Text-grounded Mask for Open-world Semantic Segmentation from Only Image-Text Pairs},
  author={Cha, Junbum and Mun, Jonghwan and Roh, Byungseok},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)},
  year={2023}
}

License

This project is released under MIT license.