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Crystal 程式語言

這裡是 Crystal 語言的教學文件,由 Crystal-TW 翻譯,原文連接在此

Crystal 是一個程式語言語言,並嘗試完成以下目標:

  • Ruby 風格語法(但不會完全相容 Ruby)
  • 自動型別推導以及靜態型別檢查
  • 容易撰寫 C 函式庫綁紮(Binding)
  • 編譯時期展開巨集並產生最佳化程式碼
  • 產生高效原生碼

Crystal's standard library is documented in the API docs.

協助翻譯

若內容中有任何錯誤或對於某些章節需要更多說明, 歡迎您一起來貢獻這份中文文件,只需要提交 Pull Request 至以下專案:

https://github.com/crystal-tw/docs

另外,目前所有的討論都會在 GitHub Issue Tracker 以及 Gitter 上進行。

雖然目前沒有強制規範的規則,但為了確保閱讀順暢,翻譯前請先閱讀已經翻譯好的部分以熟悉慣例,部分規則可以參考中文文案排版指北

如何建置

本文件使用 Markdown 語法編寫,並使用 GitBook Toolchain 輸出 HTML(請先安裝 Node.jsnpm)。

Markdown 語法及規則可以參考 Markdown 文件

$ git clone https://github.com/crystal-tw/docs.git
$ cd docs
$ npm install -g [email protected]
$ npm install
$ gitbook install
$ gitbook serve
Live reload server started on port: 35729
Press CTRL+C to quit ...

info: 8 plugins are installed
info: loading plugin "ga"... OK
...
Starting server ...
Serving book on http://localhost:4000

產生的 HTML 將放置於 _book 目錄下。

我們也提供 Docker 環境來避免在本機安裝相依套件:

$ docker-compose up
...
gitbook_1  | Starting server ...
gitbook_1  | Serving book on http://localhost:4000
gitbook_1  | Restart after change in file node_modules/.bin
...

已知慣例

雖然慣例僅僅只是慣例,但這邊還是整理出一些大家比較容易掌握的要點:

  • 文字中若需補充原文可以使用 <small> 標籤,如:
# 字串 <small>String</small>
  • 儘量避免使用第二人稱,將 You 改以第一人稱複數表達,如:
In type restrictions, generic type arguments and other places where a type is expected, **you** can use a shorter syntax, as explained in the type:

會翻譯成:

當使用在型別限制時,於任何泛型型別參數或是其他需要填寫型別的地方,「我們」也可以使用簡短的語法來表示序組的型別,這在型別語法一章中會解釋:
  • 使用相對路徑以及 .md 後綴來建立不同章節之間的連接。

十分感謝您的參與 <(_ _)>

翻譯清單

已完成 部分翻譯 未翻譯
檔案 狀態 Owner
introduction.md @david50407
getting_started/README.md @david50407
getting_started/http_server.md @david50407
getting_started/cli.md @david50407
the_shards_command/README.md
using_the_compiler/README.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/README.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/comments.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/literals.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/literals/nil.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/literals/bool.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/literals/integers.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/literals/floats.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/literals/char.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/literals/string.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/literals/symbol.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/literals/array.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/literals/hash.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/literals/range.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/literals/regex.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/literals/tuple.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/literals/named_tuple.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/literals/proc.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/assignment.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/local_variables.md @david50407
syntax_and_semantics/control_expressions.md
syntax_and_semantics/truthy_and_falsey_values.md
syntax_and_semantics/if.md
syntax_and_semantics/as_a_suffix.md
syntax_and_semantics/as_an_expression.md
syntax_and_semantics/ternary_if.md
syntax_and_semantics/if_var.md
syntax_and_semantics/if_varis_a.md
syntax_and_semantics/if_varresponds_to.md
syntax_and_semantics/if_var_nil.md
syntax_and_semantics/not.md
syntax_and_semantics/unless.md
syntax_and_semantics/case.md
syntax_and_semantics/while.md
syntax_and_semantics/break.md
syntax_and_semantics/next.md
syntax_and_semantics/until.md
syntax_and_semantics/and.md
syntax_and_semantics/or.md
syntax_and_semantics/requiring_files.md
syntax_and_semantics/types_and_methods.md
syntax_and_semantics/everything_is_an_object.md
syntax_and_semantics/the_program.md
syntax_and_semantics/classes_and_methods.md
syntax_and_semantics/new_initialize_and_allocate.md
syntax_and_semantics/methods_and_instance_variables.md
syntax_and_semantics/type_inference.md
syntax_and_semantics/union_types.md
syntax_and_semantics/overloading.md
syntax_and_semantics/default_and_named_arguments.md
syntax_and_semantics/splats_and_tuples.md
syntax_and_semantics/type_restrictions.md
syntax_and_semantics/return_types.md
syntax_and_semantics/default_values_named_arguments_splats_tuples_and_overloading.md
syntax_and_semantics/operators.md
syntax_and_semantics/visibility.md
syntax_and_semantics/inheritance.md
syntax_and_semantics/virtual_and_abstract_types.md
syntax_and_semantics/class_methods.md
syntax_and_semantics/class_variables.md
syntax_and_semantics/finalize.md
syntax_and_semantics/modules.md
syntax_and_semantics/generics.md
syntax_and_semantics/structs.md
syntax_and_semantics/constants.md
syntax_and_semantics/enum.md
syntax_and_semantics/blocks_and_procs.md
syntax_and_semantics/capturing_blocks.md
syntax_and_semantics/proc_literal.md
syntax_and_semantics/block_forwarding.md
syntax_and_semantics/closures.md
syntax_and_semantics/alias.md
syntax_and_semantics/exception_handling.md
syntax_and_semantics/type_grammar.md
syntax_and_semantics/type_reflection.md
syntax_and_semantics/is_a.md
syntax_and_semantics/nil_question.md
syntax_and_semantics/responds_to.md
syntax_and_semantics/as.md
syntax_and_semantics/as_question.md
syntax_and_semantics/typeof.md
syntax_and_semantics/macros.md
syntax_and_semantics/macros/macro_methods.md
syntax_and_semantics/macros/hooks.md
syntax_and_semantics/macros/fresh_variables.md
syntax_and_semantics/annotations.md
syntax_and_semantics/annotations/built_in_annotations.md
syntax_and_semantics/low_level_primitives.md
syntax_and_semantics/pointerof.md
syntax_and_semantics/sizeof.md
syntax_and_semantics/instance_sizeof.md
syntax_and_semantics/offsetof.md
syntax_and_semantics/declare_var.md
syntax_and_semantics/compile_time_flags.md
syntax_and_semantics/cross-compilation.md
syntax_and_semantics/c_bindings/README.md
syntax_and_semantics/c_bindings/lib.md
syntax_and_semantics/c_bindings/fun.md
syntax_and_semantics/c_bindings/out.md
syntax_and_semantics/c_bindings/to_unsafe.md
syntax_and_semantics/c_bindings/struct.md
syntax_and_semantics/c_bindings/union.md
syntax_and_semantics/c_bindings/enum.md
syntax_and_semantics/c_bindings/variables.md
syntax_and_semantics/c_bindings/constants.md
syntax_and_semantics/c_bindings/type.md
syntax_and_semantics/c_bindings/alias.md
syntax_and_semantics/c_bindings/callbacks.md
syntax_and_semantics/unsafe.md
conventions/README.md @imo-ininder
conventions/coding_style.md @imo-ininder
conventions/documenting_code.md @imo-ininder
database/README.md
database/connection.md
database/connection_pool.md
database/transactions.md
guides/README.md
guides/performance.md
guides/concurrency.md
guides/testing.md
guides/writing_shards.md
guides/hosting/github.md
guides/hosting/gitlab.md
guides/continuous_integration.md
guides/ci/travis.md
guides/ci/circleci.md

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