feat(puffin): Add Puffin crate and CompressionCodec

[fqaiser94]

Part of #744

Summary

• Add Puffin crate
• Add CompressionCodec (see iceberg/puffin-spec/compression-codecs for more information)

Context

This is the first of a number of PRs to add support for Iceberg Puffin file format.
Feel free to ask clarifying questions if anything looks confusing/weird.
Also, it might be helpful to refer to the overarching PR from which these changes were split to understand better how these changes will fit in to the larger picture.

Out of Scope

• Support for LZ4 compression/decompression
  • The Java library does not currently support this either. As the Java implementations are the reference implementations in the Iceberg ecosystem, I would like implement LZ4 support on the Java side first before implementing on the Rust side. At that point, we can also easily check the Java and Rust generated outputs are bit-wise identical.