Skip to content

Commit

Permalink
Update documentation
Browse files Browse the repository at this point in the history
  • Loading branch information
tdammers committed Nov 23, 2021
1 parent 1cb9302 commit 947a3b7
Show file tree
Hide file tree
Showing 2 changed files with 69 additions and 43 deletions.
57 changes: 35 additions & 22 deletions Documentation/guide.html
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -645,20 +645,10 @@ <h3>Flaps</h3>
<h3>Speedbrake</h3>

<p>The speedbrake lever controls spoiler deployment to increase drag and reduce
lift in flight, typically to achieve a rapid descent. The spoilers also double
as ground spoilers, deploying when the following conditions are met:</p>

<ul>
<li>Speedbrake lever is in the "up" position (i.e., no manual speedbrake
deployment).</li>
<li>Flap lever is in position 5 or 6/FULL.</li>
<li>Weight on wheels (WOW).</li>
<li>Airspeed 60 kts or more. Ground spoilers automatically retract when airspeed
drops below 60.</li>
</ul>

<p>The speedbrake lever in this simulation has 5 positions (up, 1/4, 1/2, 3/4,
full), which you can cycle with the Ctrl-B key.</p>
lift in flight, typically to achieve a rapid descent. The speedbrake lever in
this simulation has 5 positions (up, 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, full), which you can cycle
with the Ctrl-B key (and backwards with Ctrl-Shift-B). For a detailed
description of spoiler functionality see below, under Fly-By-Wire.</p>

<h3>Autobrakes</h3>

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -716,20 +706,43 @@ <h4>Rudder</h4>

<h4>Spoilers</h4>

<p>The flight spoilers will deploy for 3 different uses: as ground spoilers (see
above), as speedbrakes (see above), and asymmetrically to augment aileron
input. Spoiler deployment on aileron input adapts to airspeed, providing the
pilots with a consistent roll response across the performance envelope.</p>
<p>The spoiler system consists of 10 spoiler panels, in 4 groups. On each wing,
there is an outboard group of 3 multi-function spoiler panels, and an inboard
group of 2 ground spoilers.</p>

<p>The multi-function spoilers are used for the following purposes:</p>

<ul>
<li><strong>Speedbrake</strong>, according to speedbrake lever. Speedbrakes automatically retract
when flaps 2 or higher is selected.</li>
<li><strong>Ground spoilers.</strong> When flaps 5 of FULL is selected, and the speedbrake
lever is in the "UP" position, the spoilers will extend fully upon
weight-on-wheels, and retract when either TOGA is activated, or airspeed
drops below 60 knots. Ground spoilers also deploy when a rejected takeoff is
detected.</li>
<li><strong>Roll control.</strong> Multi-function spoilers deploy asymmetrically to support
aileron input (the ailerons themselves are actuated mechanically, and do not
offer FBW features).</li>
<li><strong>Steep approach configuration.</strong> (This feature is available as an option in
the real aircraft; the FG model has it on all types in the family). The STEEP
APPROACH button on the center pedestal activates steep approach mode; when
this mode is selected, and flaps 2 or higher are selected, the spoilers will
deploy 50%, +/- elevator input. This allows the aircraft to descend on a
steep glide path while keeping the engines running at about 55% N1, and
increases vertical controllability. The steep approach mode automatically
disarms when weight-on-wheels is detected, or when TOGA is activated.
Retracting flaps to UP or flaps 1 disables steep approach, but keeps it
armed. Steep approach cannot be armed or engaged on the ground.</li>
</ul>

<p>(As of 2021-08-31, the spoiler system is not implemented entirely correctly
yet; the 3D model and FDM only feature a single group of spoilers, and do not
model the various deployment modes accurately).</p>
<p>The inboard ground spoilers only deploy as ground spoilers, together with the
outboard panels, and follow the same logic.</p>

<h4>FBW Laws</h4>

<p>Each FBW channel has 2 laws: "Normal Law", in which all of the above
functionality is available, and "Direct Law", in which control surfaces mirror
raw control inputs.</p>
raw control inputs, except spoilers, which simply will not deploy at all.</p>

<p>Direct Law is activated whenever there is a failure that may indicate a
malfunction that makes Normal Law unusable or unsafe; it is also possible to
Expand Down
55 changes: 34 additions & 21 deletions Documentation/guide.markdown
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -611,18 +611,10 @@ identical, except that flaps 5 arms ground spoilers while flaps 4 does not
### Speedbrake

The speedbrake lever controls spoiler deployment to increase drag and reduce
lift in flight, typically to achieve a rapid descent. The spoilers also double
as ground spoilers, deploying when the following conditions are met:

- Speedbrake lever is in the "up" position (i.e., no manual speedbrake
deployment).
- Flap lever is in position 5 or 6/FULL.
- Weight on wheels (WOW).
- Airspeed 60 kts or more. Ground spoilers automatically retract when airspeed
drops below 60.

The speedbrake lever in this simulation has 5 positions (up, 1/4, 1/2, 3/4,
full), which you can cycle with the Ctrl-B key.
lift in flight, typically to achieve a rapid descent. The speedbrake lever in
this simulation has 5 positions (up, 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, full), which you can cycle
with the Ctrl-B key (and backwards with Ctrl-Shift-B). For a detailed
description of spoiler functionality see below, under Fly-By-Wire.

### Autobrakes

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -674,20 +666,41 @@ The system provides the following functionality:

#### Spoilers

The flight spoilers will deploy for 3 different uses: as ground spoilers (see
above), as speedbrakes (see above), and asymmetrically to augment aileron
input. Spoiler deployment on aileron input adapts to airspeed, providing the
pilots with a consistent roll response across the performance envelope.

(As of 2021-08-31, the spoiler system is not implemented entirely correctly
yet; the 3D model and FDM only feature a single group of spoilers, and do not
model the various deployment modes accurately).
The spoiler system consists of 10 spoiler panels, in 4 groups. On each wing,
there is an outboard group of 3 multi-function spoiler panels, and an inboard
group of 2 ground spoilers.

The multi-function spoilers are used for the following purposes:

- **Speedbrake**, according to speedbrake lever. Speedbrakes automatically retract
when flaps 2 or higher is selected.
- **Ground spoilers.** When flaps 5 of FULL is selected, and the speedbrake
lever is in the "UP" position, the spoilers will extend fully upon
weight-on-wheels, and retract when either TOGA is activated, or airspeed
drops below 60 knots. Ground spoilers also deploy when a rejected takeoff is
detected.
- **Roll control.** Multi-function spoilers deploy asymmetrically to support
aileron input (the ailerons themselves are actuated mechanically, and do not
offer FBW features).
- **Steep approach configuration.** (This feature is available as an option in
the real aircraft; the FG model has it on all types in the family). The STEEP
APPROACH button on the center pedestal activates steep approach mode; when
this mode is selected, and flaps 2 or higher are selected, the spoilers will
deploy 50%, +/- elevator input. This allows the aircraft to descend on a
steep glide path while keeping the engines running at about 55% N1, and
increases vertical controllability. The steep approach mode automatically
disarms when weight-on-wheels is detected, or when TOGA is activated.
Retracting flaps to UP or flaps 1 disables steep approach, but keeps it
armed. Steep approach cannot be armed or engaged on the ground.

The inboard ground spoilers only deploy as ground spoilers, together with the
outboard panels, and follow the same logic.

#### FBW Laws

Each FBW channel has 2 laws: "Normal Law", in which all of the above
functionality is available, and "Direct Law", in which control surfaces mirror
raw control inputs.
raw control inputs, except spoilers, which simply will not deploy at all.

Direct Law is activated whenever there is a failure that may indicate a
malfunction that makes Normal Law unusable or unsafe; it is also possible to
Expand Down

0 comments on commit 947a3b7

Please sign in to comment.