Overview

DScanner is a tool for analyzing D source code

Building and installing

To build DScanner, run the build.sh script (or the build.bat file on Windows). To install, simply place the generated binary somewhere on your $PATH.

Usage

The following examples assume that we are analyzing a simple file called helloworld.d

import std.stdio;
void main(string[] args)
{
	writeln("Hello World");
}

Token Count

The "--tokenCount" or "-t" option prints the number of tokens in the given file

$ dscanner --tokenCount helloworld.d
20

Import Listing

The "--imports" or "-i" option prints a listing of modules imported by the given source file.

$ dscanner --imports helloworld.d
std.stdio

Syntax Check

The "--syntaxCheck" option prints a listing of any errors or warnings found while lexing or parsing the given source file. It does not do any semantic analysis and it does not compile the code.

Style Check

The "--styleCheck" option runs some basic static analysis checks against the given source files.

Implemented checks

• Old alias syntax (i.e "alias a b;" should be replaced with "alias b = a;").
• Implicit concatenation of string literals.
• Complex number literals (e.g. "1.23i").
• Empty declarations (i.e. random ";" characters)
• enum array literals in struct/class bodies
• Avoid Pokémon exception handling
• opCmp or opEquals, or toHash not declared "const".
• Format numbers for readability.
• delete keyword is deprecated.
• "fish operators" (floating point operators) are deprecated.
• Left side of a foreach or foreach_reverse range expression is larger than the right.
• Left side of a slice expression is larger than the right
• Variable, struct, class, union, module, package, and interface names that do not comply with Phobos style guidelines
• Struct constructors that have a single parameter that has a default argument.
• Assign expressions where the left side of the '=' operator is the same as the right
• 'if' statements where the 'else' block is the same as the 'if' block.
• Unused variables.
• Unused parameters (check is skipped if function is marked "override")
• Duplicate attributes

Wishlish

• Assigning to foreach variables that are not "ref".
• Unused imports.
• Variables that are never modified and not declared immutable.
• Public declarations not documented
• Declaring opEquals without toHash
• Assignment in conditionals

Line of Code Count

The "--sloc" or "-l" option prints the number of lines of code in the file. Instead of simply printing the number of line breaks, this counts the number of semicolon, while, if, do, else, switch, for, foreach, foreach_reverse, default, and case tokens in the file.

$ ./dscanner --sloc helloworld.d
2

Syntax Highlighting

The "--highlight" option prints the given source file as syntax-highlighted HTML to the standard output. The CSS styling is currently hard-coded to use the Solarized color scheme.

No example. It would take up too much space

CTAGS output

The "--ctags" or "-c" option generates CTAGS information and writes it to the standard output. When used with the "--recursive", "-R", or "-r" option, CTAGS information will be generated for a specified directory and all of its sub-directories.

$ dscanner --ctags helloworld.d
!_TAG_FILE_FORMAT	2
!_TAG_FILE_SORTED	1
!_TAG_FILE_AUTHOR	Brian Schott
!_TAG_PROGRAM_URL	https://github.com/Hackerpilot/Dscanner/
main	helloworld.d	3;"	f	arity:1

CTAGS output uses the following tag kinds:

• g -- enum declarataion
• e -- enum member
• v -- variable declaration
• i -- interface declaration
• c -- class declaration
• s -- struct declaration
• f -- function declaration
• u -- union declaration
• T -- template declaration

More information on the CTAGS format can be found here.

Outline

The "--outline" option parses the given D source file and writes an simple outline of the file's declarations to stdout.

AST Dump

The "--ast" or "--xml" options will dump the complete abstract syntax tree of the given source file to standard output in XML format. JSON output is planned but not yet implemented.

$ dscanner --ast helloworld.d
<module>
<declaration>
<importDeclaration>
<singleImport>
<identifierChain>
<identifier>std</identifier>
<identifier>stdio</identifier>
</identifierChain>
</singleImport>
</importDeclaration>
</declaration>
<declaration>
<functionDeclaration line="3">
<name>main</name>
<type pretty="void">
<type2>
void
</type2>
</type>
<parameters>
<parameter>
<name>args</name>
<type pretty="string[]">
<type2>
<symbol>
<identifierOrTemplateChain>
<identifierOrTemplateInstance>
<identifier>string</identifier>
</identifierOrTemplateInstance>
</identifierOrTemplateChain>
</symbol>
</type2>
<typeSuffix type="[]"/>
</type>
<identifier>args</identifier>
</parameter>
</parameters>
<functionBody>
<blockStatement>
<declarationsAndStatements>
<declarationOrStatement>
<statement>
<statementNoCaseNoDefault>
<expressionStatement>
<expression>
<assignExpression>
<functionCallExpression>
<unaryExpression>
<primaryExpression>
<identifierOrTemplateInstance>
<identifier>writeln</identifier>
</identifierOrTemplateInstance>
</primaryExpression>
</unaryExpression>
<arguments>
<argumentList>
<assignExpression>
<primaryExpression>
<stringLiteral>Hello World</stringLiteral>
</primaryExpression>
</assignExpression>
</argumentList>
</arguments>
</functionCallExpression>
</assignExpression>
</expression>
</expressionStatement>
</statementNoCaseNoDefault>
</statement>
</declarationOrStatement>
</declarationsAndStatements>
</blockStatement>
</functionBody>
</functionDeclaration>
</declaration>
</module>

Useful code

The source code for DScanner has a complete lexer, parser, and abstact syntax tree library for D code under the std/d/ directory. It is intended that these modules eventually end up in Phobos, so feel free to use them for your own D tools.