Added description for the NewSegmentTree function (#691)

* Added description for the NewSegmentTree function

* Fixed spelling errors and formatting issues

* modified comments to comply with go docs

* fixed spelling errors

* fixed grammatical errors in comments

---------

Co-authored-by: Rak Laptudirm <[email protected]>

structure/segmenttree/segmenttree.go

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-//Segment Tree Data Structure for Range Queries
-//Build: O(n*log(n))
-//Query: O(log(n))
-//Update: O(log(n))
-//reference: https://cp-algorithms.com/data_structures/segment_tree.html
-
+// Segment Tree Data Structure for efficient range queries on an array of integers.
+// It can query the sum and update the elements to a new value of any range of the array.
+// Build: O(n*log(n))
+// Query: O(log(n))
+// Update: O(log(n))
+// reference: https://cp-algorithms.com/data_structures/segment_tree.html
 package segmenttree
 
 import (
@@ -13,14 +13,14 @@ import (
 
 const emptyLazyNode = 0
 
-// SegmentTree with original Array and the Segment Tree Array
+// SegmentTree represents the data structure of a segment tree with lazy propagation
 type SegmentTree struct {
-	Array       []int
-	SegmentTree []int
-	LazyTree    []int
+	Array       []int // The original array
+	SegmentTree []int // Stores the sum of different ranges
+	LazyTree    []int // Stores the values of lazy propagation
 }
 
-// Propagate lazy tree node values
+// Propagate propagates the lazy updates to the child nodes
 func (s *SegmentTree) Propagate(node int, leftNode int, rightNode int) {
 	if s.LazyTree[node] != emptyLazyNode {
 		//add lazy node value multiplied by (right-left+1), which represents all interval
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ func (s *SegmentTree) Propagate(node int, leftNode int, rightNode int) {
 	}
 }
 
-// Query on interval [firstIndex, leftIndex]
-// node, leftNode and rightNode always should start with 1, 0 and len(Array)-1
+// Query returns the sum of elements of the array in the interval [firstIndex, leftIndex].
+// node, leftNode and rightNode should always start with 1, 0 and len(Array)-1, respectively.
 func (s *SegmentTree) Query(node int, leftNode int, rightNode int, firstIndex int, lastIndex int) int {
 	if (firstIndex > lastIndex) || (leftNode > rightNode) {
 		//outside the interval
@@ -67,10 +67,9 @@ func (s *SegmentTree) Query(node int, leftNode int, rightNode int, firstIndex in
 	return leftNodeSum + rightNodeSum
 }
 
-// Update Segment Tree
-// node, leftNode and rightNode always should start with 1, 0 and len(Array)-1
-// index is the Array index that you want to update
-// value is the value that you want to override
+// Update updates the elements of the array in the range [firstIndex, lastIndex]
+// with the new value provided and recomputes the sum of different ranges.
+// node, leftNode and rightNode should always start with 1, 0 and len(Array)-1, respectively.
 func (s *SegmentTree) Update(node int, leftNode int, rightNode int, firstIndex int, lastIndex int, value int) {
 	//propagate lazy tree
 	s.Propagate(node, leftNode, rightNode)
@@ -96,8 +95,8 @@ func (s *SegmentTree) Update(node int, leftNode int, rightNode int, firstIndex i
 	}
 }
 
-// Build Segment Tree
-// node, leftNode and rightNode always should start with 1, 0 and len(Array)-1
+// Build builds the SegmentTree by computing the sum of different ranges.
+// node, leftNode and rightNode should always start with 1, 0 and len(Array)-1, respectively.
 func (s *SegmentTree) Build(node int, left int, right int) {
 	if left == right {
 		//leaf node
@@ -113,6 +112,8 @@ func (s *SegmentTree) Build(node int, left int, right int) {
 	}
 }
 
+// NewSegmentTree returns a new instance of a SegmentTree. It takes an input
+// array of integers representing Array, initializes and builds the SegmentTree.
 func NewSegmentTree(Array []int) *SegmentTree {
 	if len(Array) == 0 {
 		return nil