Updated python docs/examples for browsers section

[pmartinez1]

User description

Moved or added examples in python docs for browsers (for all missing examples)

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Description

Added and moved all relevant python code examples for the browsers section.

Motivation and Context

It will allow python users to see examples of working code so they can more easily and efficiently work with selenium.

Types of changes

• [ x] Change to the site (I have double-checked the Netlify deployment, and my changes look good)
• [ x] Code example added (and I also added the example to all translated languages)
• Improved translation
• Added new translation (and I also added a notice to each document missing translation)

Checklist

• [ x] I have read the contributing document.
• [ x] I have used hugo to render the site/docs locally and I am sure it works.

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PR Type

Documentation, Enhancement

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Description

• Added new Python tests for Chrome, Edge, Firefox, Internet Explorer, and Safari browsers.
• Updated documentation to include new Python code examples for various browsers.
• Improved the visibility of Python examples in multiple languages.

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Changes walkthrough 📝

	Relevant files
Tests	5 files test_chrome.py Add Chrome browser tests for various features                        examples/python/tests/browsers/test_chrome.py Added tests for network conditions, logs, permissions, and casting. +48/-0    test_edge.py Add Edge browser tests for various features                            examples/python/tests/browsers/test_edge.py Added tests for network conditions, logs, permissions, and casting. +44/-0    test_firefox.py Add Firefox browser tests for various features                      examples/python/tests/browsers/test_firefox.py Added tests for full-page screenshots, context, and profiles. +30/-2    test_internet_explorer.py Add Internet Explorer browser tests for various features  examples/python/tests/browsers/test_internet_explorer.py Added multiple tests for Internet Explorer options. +78/-0    test_safari.py Add Safari browser test for Technology Preview                      examples/python/tests/browsers/test_safari.py Added a test for Safari Technology Preview. +1/-0
Documentation	20 files chrome.en.md Update Chrome documentation with Python examples                  website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/chrome.en.md Updated Python code examples for Chrome browser. +4/-4      chrome.ja.md Update Chrome documentation with Python examples (Japanese) website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/chrome.ja.md Updated Python code examples for Chrome browser. +1/-1      chrome.pt-br.md Update Chrome documentation with Python examples (Portuguese) website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/chrome.pt-br.md Updated Python code examples for Chrome browser. +1/-1      chrome.zh-cn.md Update Chrome documentation with Python examples (Chinese) website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/chrome.zh-cn.md Updated Python code examples for Chrome browser. +1/-1      edge.en.md Update Edge documentation with Python examples                      website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/edge.en.md Updated Python code examples for Edge browser. +4/-4      edge.ja.md Update Edge documentation with Python examples (Japanese) website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/edge.ja.md Updated Python code examples for Edge browser. +1/-1      edge.pt-br.md Update Edge documentation with Python examples (Portuguese) website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/edge.pt-br.md Updated Python code examples for Edge browser. +1/-1      edge.zh-cn.md Update Edge documentation with Python examples (Chinese)  website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/edge.zh-cn.md Updated Python code examples for Edge browser. +1/-1      firefox.en.md Update Firefox documentation with Python examples                website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/firefox.en.md Updated Python code examples for Firefox browser. +4/-9      firefox.ja.md Update Firefox documentation with Python examples (Japanese) website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/firefox.ja.md Updated Python code examples for Firefox browser. +4/-9      firefox.pt-br.md Update Firefox documentation with Python examples (Portuguese) website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/firefox.pt-br.md Updated Python code examples for Firefox browser. +4/-9      firefox.zh-cn.md Update Firefox documentation with Python examples (Chinese) website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/firefox.zh-cn.md Updated Python code examples for Firefox browser. +4/-9      internet_explorer.en.md Update Internet Explorer documentation with Python examples website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/internet_explorer.en.md Updated Python code examples for Internet Explorer browser. +14/-71  internet_explorer.ja.md Update Internet Explorer documentation with Python examples (Japanese) website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/internet_explorer.ja.md Updated Python code examples for Internet Explorer browser. +14/-71  internet_explorer.pt-br.md Update Internet Explorer documentation with Python examples (Portuguese) website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/internet_explorer.pt-br.md Updated Python code examples for Internet Explorer browser. +14/-78  internet_explorer.zh-cn.md Update Internet Explorer documentation with Python examples (Chinese) website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/internet_explorer.zh-cn.md Updated Python code examples for Internet Explorer browser. +14/-71  safari.en.md Update Safari documentation with Python examples                  website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/safari.en.md Updated Python code examples for Safari browser. +1/-1      safari.ja.md Update Safari documentation with Python examples (Japanese) website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/safari.ja.md Updated Python code examples for Safari browser. +1/-1      safari.pt-br.md Update Safari documentation with Python examples (Portuguese) website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/safari.pt-br.md Updated Python code examples for Safari browser. +1/-1      safari.zh-cn.md Update Safari documentation with Python examples (Chinese) website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/safari.zh-cn.md Updated Python code examples for Safari browser. +1/-1

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🔨 Latest commit	3ad02cf

[codiumai-pr-agent-pro]

PR Reviewer Guide 🔍

(Review updated until commit cd1fc7e)

⏱️ Estimated effort to review: 3 🔵🔵🔵⚪⚪

🧪 PR contains tests

🔒 No security concerns identified

⚡ Key issues to review Possible Bug The test test_logs uses a hardcoded assertion that may not always be valid. Consider parameterizing the test or handling different possible messages. Code Duplication The tests in test_edge.py are almost identical to those in test_chrome.py. Consider abstracting common functionality to a shared module or class to follow DRY principles. Hardcoded Path The test test_full_page_screenshots uses a hardcoded path for saving screenshots which might not work in all environments. Consider using a configurable path or a temporary directory. Platform Dependency Several tests use @pytest.mark.skipif to conditionally skip tests on non-Windows platforms. Ensure that this is clearly documented, and consider providing alternative tests for other platforms if possible.

[codiumai-pr-agent-pro]

PR Code Suggestions ✨

Latest suggestions up to cd1fc7e

Category	Suggestion	Score
Resource management	Implement context management for WebDriver to handle resource cleanup Use context management for WebDriver to ensure that resources are properly managed and the browser is closed even if errors occur. examples/python/tests/browsers/test_internet_explorer.py [77-79] -driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options) -driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/') -driver.quit() +with webdriver.Ie(options=options) as driver: + driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/') Apply this suggestion Suggestion importance[1-10]: 10 Why: Using context management ensures that the WebDriver is properly closed even if an error occurs, which is a best practice for resource management and prevents potential resource leaks.	10
Possible bug	✅ Correct the WebDriver instance to match the browser being tested Suggestion Impact: The suggestion was implemented by changing the WebDriver instance from webdriver.Chrome to webdriver.Edge in the test file. code diff: - driver = webdriver.Chrome() + driver = webdriver.Edge() Ensure that the driver instance is correctly using webdriver.Edge instead of webdriver.Chrome in the Edge test file. examples/python/tests/browsers/test_edge.py [143] -driver = webdriver.Chrome() +driver = webdriver.Edge() Apply this suggestion Suggestion importance[1-10]: 10 Why: This suggestion corrects a possible bug by ensuring the correct WebDriver instance is used, which is crucial for the test's accuracy.	10
Best practice	Add exception handling to WebDriver operations to improve error management Consider handling exceptions for WebDriver initialization and method calls to ensure the application handles errors gracefully, especially when interacting with web elements or during browser operations which might fail. examples/python/tests/browsers/test_internet_explorer.py [77-78] -driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options) -driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/') +try: + driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options) + driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/') +except Exception as e: + print(f"An error occurred: {e}") +finally: + driver.quit() Apply this suggestion Suggestion importance[1-10]: 9 Why: This suggestion improves the robustness of the code by ensuring that any exceptions during WebDriver operations are caught and handled gracefully, which is crucial for maintaining stability in automated tests.	9
	Use a context manager for better resource management Use a context manager to ensure that resources are properly managed and the driver is quit even if exceptions occur. examples/python/tests/browsers/test_edge.py [126-131] -driver = webdriver.Edge() -... -driver.quit() +with webdriver.Edge() as driver: + ... Suggestion importance[1-10]: 9 Why: Using a context manager ensures that resources are properly managed and the driver is quit even if exceptions occur, which is a significant improvement in resource management.	9
	Externalize configuration values like URLs and timeouts for flexibility and ease of maintenance To avoid hardcoding URLs and timeout values within the test functions, consider using external configuration files or environment variables. examples/python/tests/browsers/test_internet_explorer.py [75-78] -options.file_upload_dialog_timeout = 2000 -driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/') +import os +timeout = int(os.getenv('FILE_UPLOAD_TIMEOUT', '2000')) +url = os.getenv('TEST_URL', 'https://www.selenium.dev/') +options.file_upload_dialog_timeout = timeout +driver.get(url) Apply this suggestion Suggestion importance[1-10]: 8 Why: Externalizing configuration values improves the flexibility and maintainability of the code, allowing for easier updates and environment-specific configurations without modifying the codebase.	8
	Use pathlib for path operations to enhance cross-platform compatibility Instead of manually concatenating paths with strings, use pathlib.Path to join paths. This approach is more robust and cross-platform. examples/python/tests/browsers/test_firefox.py [138] -path_for_screenshot = str(pathlib.Path().absolute()) + 'screenshot.png' +path_for_screenshot = str(pathlib.Path().absolute() / 'screenshot.png') Apply this suggestion Suggestion importance[1-10]: 8 Why: This suggestion improves the robustness and cross-platform compatibility of the code by using pathlib for path operations, which is a best practice.	8
	Handle exceptions specifically to avoid masking errors Handle exceptions more specifically rather than catching all exceptions, which can mask other issues. examples/python/tests/browsers/test_edge.py [157-164] try: ... -except: - assert False, 'Exception when starting or stopping casting' +except SpecificException as e: + assert False, f'Exception when starting or stopping casting: {str(e)}' Suggestion importance[1-10]: 7 Why: Handling exceptions more specifically is a good practice as it avoids masking other potential issues, but the suggestion lacks the specific exception type to be caught.	7
Maintainability	Refactor IE options configuration into a separate function for better modularity To ensure that the options modifications are encapsulated and reusable, consider refactoring the options configuration into a separate function or method. examples/python/tests/browsers/test_internet_explorer.py [73-75] -options = webdriver.IeOptions() -options.file_upload_dialog_timeout = 2000 +def configure_ie_options(): + options = webdriver.IeOptions() + options.file_upload_dialog_timeout = 2000 + return options +options = configure_ie_options() Apply this suggestion Suggestion importance[1-10]: 7 Why: Encapsulating the options configuration in a separate function enhances code modularity and reusability, making the codebase easier to maintain and extend.	7

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Previous suggestions

Suggestions up to commit c0cabc1

Category	Suggestion	Score
Possible issue	Update the gh-codeblock paths to correctly reflect the relevant lines in the external file Ensure that the gh-codeblock paths are updated to reflect the correct lines of code in the external Python file, as the current line references may be outdated or incorrect. website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/internet_explorer.en.md [101] -{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_internet_explorer.py#L75" >}} +{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_internet_explorer.py#L75-L79" >}} Suggestion importance[1-10]: 8 Why: Ensuring that the gh-codeblock paths are accurate is important for maintaining the integrity of the documentation. This suggestion addresses a potential issue with outdated or incorrect line references.	8
Enhancement	Replace external code links with inline code examples for better accessibility Replace the gh-codeblock shortcode with a more detailed example directly in the documentation rather than linking to an external file. This can improve the accessibility of the documentation by providing immediate visibility of the example code, which is especially useful for quick reference. website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/internet_explorer.en.md [101] -{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_internet_explorer.py#L75" >}} +```python +from selenium import webdriver +options = webdriver.IeOptions() +options.file_upload_dialog_timeout = 2000 +driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options) +driver.get("http://www.selenium.dev/") +driver.quit() +``` Suggestion importance[1-10]: 7 Why: This suggestion improves accessibility by providing immediate visibility of the example code, which is useful for quick reference. However, it may increase the length of the documentation.	7
	Add explanatory comments within the gh-codeblock for clarity Add a brief description or comment within the gh-codeblock to explain what the code does, enhancing the understandability for readers who might not click through to the external file. website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/internet_explorer.en.md [101] {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_internet_explorer.py#L75" >}} +# This code sets up a WebDriver with specific Internet Explorer options for file upload dialog timeout. Suggestion importance[1-10]: 6 Why: Adding comments can enhance understandability, but it is a minor improvement since the code itself is already self-explanatory to some extent.	6
Best practice	Suggest adding error handling in the external Python example for robustness Consider adding a fallback or error handling mechanism in the external Python example linked in the gh-codeblock to manage exceptions that may occur during the WebDriver session. website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/browsers/internet_explorer.en.md [101] {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_internet_explorer.py#L75" >}} +# Note: Ensure to handle exceptions that may occur during the WebDriver session. Suggestion importance[1-10]: 5 Why: While adding error handling is a good practice, the suggestion is vague and does not provide a concrete implementation. It is also not directly related to the documentation improvement.	5

[codiumai-pr-agent-pro]

Persistent review updated to latest commit cd1fc7e

[pmartinez1]

Hi @harsha509,
Do you have any suggestion on how to test in Windows? I have a mac. 3 python examples tests failed. I believed I was able to resolve one of the failures (the error was pretty clear as to what was going on), but it would be best to fully confirm.

[pmartinez1]

Same failures, looks like I should not have passed in the second argument "True" in add_argument (

seleniumhq.github.io/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_internet_explorer.py

Line 119 in 247ac2e

options.add_argument('-silent', True)

). Quite possibly the other two are failing because they are trying to use the same instance of IE? Relevant: https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/ie_driver_server/. I'll look into this more and find a way of running it myself.

[pmartinez1]

Same failures, looks like I should not have passed in the second argument "True" in add_argument (

seleniumhq.github.io/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_internet_explorer.py

Line 119 in 247ac2e

options.add_argument('-silent', True)

). Quite possibly the other two are failing because they are trying to use the same instance of IE? Relevant: https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/ie_driver_server/. I'll look into this more and find a way of running it myself.

Resolved the failure due to the "true" argument being passed in. The other failures are due to the use of the force_create_process_api value being set. According to the docs: "Windows Registry HKLM_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main path should contain key TabProcGrowth with 0 value."

I think the solution could be to have the test with force_create_process_api set to true to be skipped, as it could fail, if the value of the key above isn't set to 0. I will push that update, please let me know if it is not acceptable.

[pmartinez1]

Same failures, looks like I should not have passed in the second argument "True" in add_argument (

seleniumhq.github.io/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_internet_explorer.py

Line 119 in 247ac2e

options.add_argument('-silent', True)

). Quite possibly the other two are failing because they are trying to use the same instance of IE? Relevant: https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/ie_driver_server/. I'll look into this more and find a way of running it myself.

Resolved the failure due to the "true" argument being passed in. The other failures are due to the use of the force_create_process_api value being set. According to the docs: "Windows Registry HKLM_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main path should contain key TabProcGrowth with 0 value."

I think the solution could be to have the test with force_create_process_api set to true to be skipped, as it could fail, if the value of the key above isn't set to 0. I will push that update, please let me know if it is not acceptable.

Updated and ready for review.

[pmartinez1]

Hi @harsha509 ,

The tests that were failing before, passed on the last run. The tests that failed, were not touched by me and they were timeouts. Could the checks be run again?

Thanks.

[pmartinez1]

Could I get a review please?

[pmartinez1]

Looks like this has been failing its checks consistently. Updating to a draft, so I can figure out the issue. I'll update this PR once I have seen them all pass consistently.

[VietND96]

Could you please resolve conflict in this PR?