This is a guide to setup a Lukso validator node in home environment. The guide suggests a use of a dedicated machine to run a node with validators, separate from a personal working machine.
NOTE: Most of the steps require working in a terminal
- Ubuntu
- Dedicated PC
- Ubuntu 20.04.4 LTS
- Intel NUC 10 Performance Kit – Intel Core i5
- Memory Kit 16GB (8GBx2)
- Samsung 970 EVO Plus SSD 1TB
I've spent around $850. Current price seem to be less around $700. I connected my NUC with ethernet cable directly into my router.
I had to manually change BIOS settings of NUC to ensure if power gets reset, NUC auto starts. A simple test is unplug and plug power cord back in.
For NUC I followed following steps:
- Press F2 during boot to enter BIOS setup
- Go to
Power->Secondary Power Settingsmenu - Set the option for
After Power FailuretoPower One - Press F10 to save changes and exit BIOS
NOTE: Following steps are performed directly on a node machine.
In order to remotelly access a machine running a node, it needs to be configured.
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y
sudo apt install -y vim wget make git
SSH is used to enable remote access from other machine using localy network through WiFi or broadband connections. This is a common practice and can be quite useful if a node machine does not have input (keyboard/mouse) nor a display. Once setup, a node machine can be placed elsewhere and only personal computer could be used to control and maintain it.
sudo apt install --assume-yes openssh-server
Choose a port number larger than 50000. This will be used later.
sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
Change and enable a port by uncommenting (removing #) and changing 22 to new chosen port number:
Port 50000
Save and close editor by pressing SHIFT + :, then type wq, and hit enter.
Enable ssh in firewall by replacing replace-port with new port:
sudo ufw allow replace-port
sudo systemctl start ssh
sudo systemctl enable ssh
In order to locate a node machine in local network, it requires IP. Execute following command to resolve a node machine's IP:
ifconfig
Locate IP address (inet) in eno1 section, e.g. 192.168.86.29.
eno1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.86.29 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.86.255
Close ssh session by executing exit.
NOTE: Following steps are performed a personal computer.
Verify basic access to a node machine by using ssh. SSH requires user name of a node machine, its hostname and previously chosen ssh port.
vim ~/.ssh/config
Type in the following and replace replace-user, replace-ip, and replace-port:
Host lukso
User replace-user
HostName replace-ip
Port replace-port
Attempt to connect to verify the configuration:
ssh lukso
Once connected, enter a password of user on a node machine. If a connection was okay, a shell should be presented in a terminal. At this point, it could closed.
On a personal computer, create new key pair for ssh authentication if needed.
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096
Copy a generated public key keyname.pub to a node machine. Replace keyname.pub with a key in home directory.
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/keyname.pub lukso
On a personal computer, try to ssh again. This time it should not prompt for a password.
ssh lukso
Configure SSH by opening a configuration file and modifying several options:
sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
Options:
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
PasswordAuthentication no
PermitRootLogin prohibit-password
PermitEmptyPasswords no
Save and close editor by pressing SHIFT + :, then type wq, and hit enter. Validate SSH configuration and restart ssh service.
sudo sshd -t
sudo systemctl restart sshd
Close ssh session by executing exit.
ssh lukso
Stay connected to a remote node machine to perform next steps.
Update a system manually:
sudo apt-get update -y
sudo apt dist-upgrade -y
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean
Keep a system up to date automatically:
sudo apt-get install unattended-upgrades
sudo dpkg-reconfigure -plow unattended-upgrades
A root access should not be used. Instead, a user should be using sudo to perform privilged operations on a system.
sudo passwd -l root
Install fail2ban to block IP addresses that exceed failed ssh login attempts.
sudo apt-get install fail2ban -y
Edit a config to monitor ssh logins
sudo vim /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
Replace replace-port to match the ssh port number.
[sshd]
enabled=true
port=replace-port
filter=sshd
logpath=/var/log/auth.log
maxretry=3
ignoreip=
Save and close editor by pressing SHIFT + :, then type wq, and hit enter. Restart fail2ban service:
sudo systemctl restart fail2ban
By default deny all traffic:
sudo ufw default deny incoming
sudo ufw default allow outgoing
Allow P2P ports for Lukso clients:
sudo ufw allow 30303/tcp
sudo ufw allow 13000/tcp
sudo ufw allow 12000/udp
sudo ufw allow 30303/udp
NOTE: make sure to open same ports on your home router
Enable Firewall:
sudo ufw enable
Verify firewall configuration:
sudo ufw status
It should look something like this (may be missing some ports):
Status: active
To Action From
-- ------ ----
13000/tcp ALLOW Anywhere
12000/udp ALLOW Anywhere
30303/tcp ALLOW Anywhere
ssh-port/tcp ALLOW Anywhere
30303/udp ALLOW Anywhere
13000/tcp (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
12000/udp (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
30303/tcp (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
ssh-port/tcp (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
30303/udp (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
While setting up a system, ssh terminal may seem to be slow due wifi power management settings on a node machine. To disable it, modify a config.
sudo vim /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf
Config:
[connection]
wifi.powersave = 2
Save and close editor by pressing SHIFT + :, then type wq, and hit enter. Restart NetworkManager service:
sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager
NOTE: Following steps are performed on personal machine.
Access a remote node machine
ssh lukso
TBD AS LUKSO IS PREPEARING FOR L16 TESTNET. In the meantime follow developments and instructions of L16 beta.
Sets up a dashboard to monitor state of a node machine, node, and validators.
NOTE: Following steps are performed on personal machine.
Access a remote node machine
ssh lukso
sudo adduser --system prometheus --group --no-create-home
Identify latest version for linux-amd64 here, e.g. 2.34.0. Install prometheus by replacing {VERSION} in the following:
cd
wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v{VERSION}/prometheus-{VERSION}.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xzvf prometheus-{VERSION}.linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd prometheus-{VERSION}.linux-amd64
sudo cp promtool /usr/local/bin/
sudo cp prometheus /usr/local/bin/
sudo chown root:root /usr/local/bin/promtool /usr/local/bin/prometheus
sudo chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/promtool /usr/local/bin/prometheus
cd
rm prometheus-{VERSION}.linux-amd64.tar.gz
rm -rf prometheus-{VERSION}.linux-amd64
sudo mkdir -p /etc/prometheus/console_libraries /etc/prometheus/consoles /etc/prometheus/files_sd /etc/prometheus/rules /etc/prometheus/rules.d
Edit configuration file:
sudo vim /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
The content of configuration file:
global:
scrape_interval: 15s
evaluation_interval: 15s
scrape_configs:
- job_name: 'prometheus'
scrape_interval: 5s
static_configs:
- targets: ['127.0.0.1:9090']
- job_name: 'beacon node'
scrape_interval: 5s
static_configs:
- targets: ['127.0.0.1:8080']
- job_name: 'node_exporter'
scrape_interval: 5s
static_configs:
- targets: ['127.0.0.1:9100']
- job_name: 'validator'
scrape_interval: 5s
static_configs:
- targets: ['127.0.0.1:8081']
- job_name: 'ping_google'
metrics_path: /probe
params:
module: [icmp]
static_configs:
- targets:
- 8.8.8.8
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__address__]
target_label: __param_target
- source_labels: [__param_target]
target_label: instance
- target_label: __address__
replacement: 127.0.0.1:9115 # The blackbox exporter's real hostname:port.
- job_name: 'ping_cloudflare'
metrics_path: /probe
params:
module: [icmp]
static_configs:
- targets:
- 1.1.1.1
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__address__]
target_label: __param_target
- source_labels: [__param_target]
target_label: instance
- target_label: __address__
replacement: 127.0.0.1:9115 # The blackbox exporter's real hostname:port.
- job_name: json_exporter
static_configs:
- targets:
- 127.0.0.1:7979
- job_name: json
metrics_path: /probe
static_configs:
- targets:
- https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/simple/price?ids=lukso-token&vs_currencies=usd
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__address__]
target_label: __param_target
- source_labels: [__param_target]
target_label: instance
- target_label: __address__
replacement: 127.0.0.1:7979
Prepare data directory for prometheus:
sudo chown -R prometheus:prometheus /etc/prometheus
sudo mkdir /var/lib/prometheus
sudo chown prometheus:prometheus /var/lib/prometheus
sudo chmod 755 /var/lib/prometheus
Open port to access to metrics. This is optional, only for external use:
sudo ufw allow 9090/tcp
sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service
The content of service configuration file:
[Unit]
Description=Prometheus
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target
[Service]
User=prometheus
Group=prometheus
Type=simple
Restart=always
RestartSec=5
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/prometheus \
--config.file /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml \
--storage.tsdb.path /var/lib/prometheus/ \
--storage.tsdb.retention.time=31d \
--web.console.templates=/etc/prometheus/consoles \
--web.console.libraries=/etc/prometheus/console_libraries
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Enable service:
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl start prometheus
sudo systemctl enable prometheus
Install:
cd
sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https
sudo apt-get install -y software-properties-common wget
wget -q -O - https://packages.grafana.com/gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -
sudo add-apt-repository "deb https://packages.grafana.com/oss/deb stable main"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grafana-enterprise
sudo vim /lib/systemd/system/grafana-server.service
The content of service configuration file:
[Unit]
Description=Grafana instance
Documentation=http://docs.grafana.org
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target
After=postgresql.service mariadb.service mysql.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/etc/default/grafana-server
User=grafana
Group=grafana
Type=simple
Restart=on-failure
WorkingDirectory=/usr/share/grafana
RuntimeDirectory=grafana
RuntimeDirectoryMode=0750
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/grafana-server \
--config=${CONF_FILE} \
--pidfile=${PID_FILE_DIR}/grafana-server.pid \
--packaging=deb \
cfg:default.paths.logs=${LOG_DIR} \
cfg:default.paths.data=${DATA_DIR} \
cfg:default.paths.plugins=${PLUGINS_DIR} \
cfg:default.paths.provisioning=${PROVISIONING_CFG_DIR}
LimitNOFILE=10000
TimeoutStopSec=20
CapabilityBoundingSet=
DeviceAllow=
LockPersonality=true
MemoryDenyWriteExecute=false
NoNewPrivileges=true
PrivateDevices=true
PrivateTmp=true
PrivateUsers=true
ProtectClock=true
ProtectControlGroups=true
ProtectHome=true
ProtectHostname=true
ProtectKernelLogs=true
ProtectKernelModules=true
ProtectKernelTunables=true
ProtectProc=invisible
ProtectSystem=full
RemoveIPC=true
RestrictAddressFamilies=AF_INET AF_INET6 AF_UNIX
RestrictNamespaces=true
RestrictRealtime=true
RestrictSUIDSGID=true
SystemCallArchitectures=native
UMask=0027
[Install]
Alias=grafana.service
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Enable service:
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl start grafana-server
sudo systemctl enable grafana-server
Open port to access to metrics. This is optional, only for external use:
sudo ufw allow 3000/tcp
Login to grafana by navigating to webrowser http://192.168.86.29:3000. Replace 192.168.86.29 with IP of your node machine. This is same IP used to ssh.
Default credentials are username and password admin. Set a new secure (long) password when prompted by grafana.
- On the left-hand menu, hover over the gear menu and click on
Data Sources - Then click on the Add Data Source button
- Hover over the Prometheus card on screen, then click on the Select button
- Enter http://127.0.0.1:9090/ into the URL field, then click Save & Test
- Hover over the plus symbol icon in the left-hand menu, then click on Import
- Copy and paste the dashboard into the
Import via panel jsontext box on the screen - Then click the Load button
- Then click the Import button
- On the left-hand menu, hover over the alarm menue and click on
Notification channels - Click on
New channel - Select
Typeand configure
On lukso dashboard:
- Scroll down on a dashboard to
Alertssection - Select each alert and click
Edit - In
Alerttab, select notificationssend to - Save and repeat for each alert
Monitors node stats:
sudo adduser --system node_exporter --group --no-create-home
Install:
cd
wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v1.0.1/node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xzvf node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
sudo cp node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64/node_exporter /usr/local/bin/
sudo chown node_exporter:node_exporter /usr/local/bin/node_exporter
rm node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
rm -rf node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64
sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/node_exporter.service
The content of service configuration file:
[Unit]
Description=Node Exporter
[Service]
Type=simple
Restart=always
RestartSec=5
User=node_exporter
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/node_exporter
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Enable service:
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl start node_exporter
sudo systemctl enable node_exporter
Check go version if installed:
go version
If it is less than 1.17.7 please install following:
wget https://dl.google.com/go/go1.17.7.linux-amd64.tar.gz
sudo tar -xvf go1.17.7.linux-amd64.tar.gz
rm go1.17.7.linux-amd64.tar.gz
sudo mv go /usr/local/go-1.17.7
sudo ln -sf /usr/local/go-1.17.7/bin/go /usr/bin/go
go version
User:
sudo adduser --system json_exporter --group --no-create-home
Install:
cd
git clone https://github.com/prometheus-community/json_exporter.git
cd json_exporter
make build
sudo cp json_exporter /usr/local/bin/
sudo chown json_exporter:json_exporter /usr/local/bin/json_exporter
cd
rm -rf json_exporter
sudo mkdir /etc/json_exporter
sudo chown json_exporter:json_exporter /etc/json_exporter
Setup LYX token price:
sudo vim /etc/json_exporter/json_exporter.yml
The content of configuration file:
metrics:
- name: lyxusd
path: "{.lukso-token.usd}"
help: Lukso (LYX) price in USD
Change ownership of configuration file:
sudo chown json_exporter:json_exporter /etc/json_exporter/json_exporter.yml
sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/json_exporter.service
The content of service configuration file:
[Unit]
Description=JSON Exporter
[Service]
Type=simple
Restart=always
RestartSec=5
User=json_exporter
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/json_exporter --config.file /etc/json_exporter/json_exporter.yml
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Enable service:
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl start json_exporter
sudo systemctl enable json_exporter
Pings google and cloudflare to track latency. This is optional.
sudo adduser --system blackbox_exporter --group --no-create-home
Install:
cd
wget https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/releases/download/v0.18.0/blackbox_exporter-0.18.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xvzf blackbox_exporter-0.18.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
sudo cp blackbox_exporter-0.18.0.linux-amd64/blackbox_exporter /usr/local/bin/
sudo chown blackbox_exporter:blackbox_exporter /usr/local/bin/blackbox_exporter
sudo chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/blackbox_exporter
rm blackbox_exporter-0.18.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
rm -rf blackbox_exporter-0.18.0.linux-amd64
Enable ping permissions:
sudo setcap cap_net_raw+ep /usr/local/bin/blackbox_exporter
sudo mkdir /etc/blackbox_exporter
sudo chown blackbox_exporter:blackbox_exporter /etc/blackbox_exporter
sudo vim /etc/blackbox_exporter/blackbox.yml
The content of configuration file:
modules:
icmp:
prober: icmp
timeout: 10s
icmp:
preferred_ip_protocol: ipv4
Change ownership of configuration file:
sudo chown blackbox_exporter:blackbox_exporter /etc/blackbox_exporter/blackbox.yml
sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/blackbox_exporter.service
The content of service configuration file:
[Unit]
Description=Blackbox Exporter
[Service]
Type=simple
Restart=always
RestartSec=5
User=blackbox_exporter
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/blackbox_exporter --config.file /etc/blackbox_exporter/blackbox.yml
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Enable service:
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl start blackbox_exporter
sudo systemctl enable blackbox_exporter