feat: prometheus remote write and read

[killme2008]

Intro

Related to #313 .

It's ready for review.

Main changes:

• Impl prometheus remote write
• Impl prometheus remote read, but only samples response. The stream protocol is designed for prometheus itself (communication between prometheus instances), it's not enabled and useful for third-parties remote storage.

Todo:

• push gateway protocol

How to test

1. Adds remote write and read config to prometheus.yml:

remote_write:
- url: http://localhost:4000/v1/prometheus/write

remote_read:
- url: http://localhost:4000/v1/prometheus/read
  read_recent: true

Enable read_recent to test remote reading.

2. Start datanode and frontend:

$ cargo run -- datanode start

$ cargo run -- frontend start

3. Start prometheus by ./prometheus --config.file=prometheus.yml --log.level=debug.Then frontend will receive the remote write reqeusts and create many tables automatically in datanode.
4. Access prometheus http://localhost:9090/graph to test querying. If you want to test remote reading, you can delete the data folder in prometheus, and restart it, it will read historical data from greptimedb.

[yuanbohan]

When the table does not exist, such as prometheus_remote_storage_sent_batch_duration_seconds, frontend returns 500 Error.

remote_read: remote server http://localhost:4000/v1/prometheus/remote/read returned HTTP status 500 Internal Server Error: {"error":"Failed to execute query: select * from prometheus_remote_storage_sent_batch_duration_seconds where greptime_timestamp>=1666753346745 and greptime_timestamp<=1666753646745 order by greptime_timestamp, source: Error occurred on the data node, code: 3000, msg: Failed to execute sql, source: Cannot plan SQL: SELECT * FROM prometheus_remote_storage_sent_batch_duration_seconds WHERE greptime_timestamp >= 1666753346745 AND greptime_timestamp <= 1666753646745 ORDER BY greptime_timestamp, source: Error during planning: Table or CTE with name 'prometheus_remote_storage_sent_batch_duration_seconds' not found"}

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #346 (b6a4102) into develop (64dac51) will increase coverage by 0.05%.
The diff coverage is 84.87%.

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop     #346      +/-   ##
===========================================
+ Coverage    84.28%   84.33%   +0.05%     
===========================================
  Files          350      365      +15     
  Lines        32109    33970    +1861     
===========================================
+ Hits         27063    28649    +1586     
- Misses        5046     5321     +275     

Flag	Coverage Δ
rust	84.33% <84.87%> (+0.05%)	⬆️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
src/api/src/lib.rs	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/frontend/src/instance.rs	86.12% <ø> (ø)
src/frontend/src/instance/opentsdb.rs	88.23% <ø> (ø)
src/frontend/src/lib.rs	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/frontend/src/server.rs	0.00% <ø> (ø)
src/servers/src/error.rs	25.71% <0.00%> (-3.80%)	⬇️
src/servers/src/lib.rs	100.00% <ø> (ø)
src/servers/src/opentsdb/codec.rs	92.12% <ø> (ø)
src/frontend/src/frontend.rs	32.25% <50.00%> (+1.22%)	⬆️
src/frontend/src/prometheus.rs	70.00% <70.00%> (ø)
... and 77 more

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[killme2008]

It's still under development, not ready for review, but thanks for your CR @yuanbohan

[waynexia]

An exciting feature 🥳