Enable warnings and linting of C++ code in CI

[nedrebo]

Address this todo:

zivid-python/continuous-integration/linux/lint-cpp.sh

Lines 31 to 52 in a6e4022

	#Todo: echo Building with warnings as errors
	#Todo: for compiler in clang gcc; do
	#Todo: source $SCRIPT_DIR/lint-cpp-$compiler-setup.sh || exit $?
	#Todo: echo "Compiler config:"
	#Todo: echo " CXX: ${CXX:?} "
	#Todo: echo " CXXFLAGS: ${CXXFLAGS:?}"
	#Todo: cmake \
	#Todo: -S $ROOT_DIR \
	#Todo: -B $buildDir/$compiler \
	#Todo: -G Ninja \
	#Todo: -DCMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS=ON \
	#Todo: || exit $?
	#Todo:
	#Todo: cmake --build $buildDir/$compiler || exit $?
	#Todo: done
	#Todo:
	#Todo: echo Running clang-tidy on C++ files
	#Todo: clang-tidy --version || exit $?
	#Todo: for fileName in $cppFiles; do
	#Todo: echo $fileName
	#Todo: clang-tidy -p $buildDir/clang $fileName || exit $?
	#Todo: done