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ARCHITECTURE.md

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ARCHITECTURE

(What is ARCHITECTURE.md? See this article: ARCHITECTURE.md.)

Bird's Eye Overview

Compiler does parse a program and then codegen.

[ milone-lang code ]
    |
    | OK?
    +--------→ [ error ]
    ↓
[  IR  ]
    |
    | codegen
    ↓
[ C code ]

Code Map

Projects:

  • lib: MiloneShared: Shared types, functions and utilities
  • lib: MiloneSyntax: Syntax analysis and semantic check
  • lib: MiloneTranslation: Code generation actual logic
  • app: MiloneCli: CLI client
  • app: MiloneLspServer: LSP server implementation (F#)

Diagram of project dependencies:

     Shared
        ^
      /   \
     /     \
Syntax   Translation
 ^  ^       ^
 |   \     /
 |    \   /
 |      v
 |   CLI tool
 |

LSP server

Note that Translation isn't depended by Syntax and LSP server. That illustrates modification of Translation doesn't affect the interface of language.

Intermediate representations

  • Abstract Syntax Tree (AST)
    • AST is well-known. IR for syntax.
  • Name resolution intermediate representation (NIR)
    • Functional-style IR for semantic check. Symbols are strings.
  • Typed intermediate representation (TIR)
    • Functional-style IR for semantic check. Symbols are internal IDs.
  • High-level intermediate representation (HIR)
    • Functional-style IR for transformation and codegen.
  • Mid-level intermediate representation (MIR)
    • Imperative-style IR for C code generation.
  • C intermediate representation (CIR)
    • IR similar to AST of C language.

Diagram of data flow.

Files (*.fs, *.milone)
  ↓ tokenize & parse
 AST
　↓
 NIR
  ↓  -- name resolution
 TIR -- type check etc.
  |
  ~  -- boundary
  ↓  -- lower
 HIR
  ↓  -- closure conversion etc.
 MIR
  ↓
 CIR
  ↓
Files (*.c)

Language-Specific Files

  • FSharpOnly and Program.fs are F# only part.

Cross-Cutting Concerns

WIP