diff --git a/.air.toml b/.air.toml
index 3740c4d4aa391..8854041a25b92 100644
--- a/.air.toml
+++ b/.air.toml
@@ -21,3 +21,6 @@ exclude_dir = [
 ]
 exclude_regex = ["_test.go$", "_gen.go$"]
 stop_on_error = true
+
+[log]
+main_only = true
diff --git a/.eslintrc.yaml b/.eslintrc.yaml
index 9bd27329892a9..5ed277945e7fe 100644
--- a/.eslintrc.yaml
+++ b/.eslintrc.yaml
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ plugins:
   - eslint-plugin-array-func
   - eslint-plugin-github
   - eslint-plugin-i
-  - eslint-plugin-jquery
   - eslint-plugin-no-jquery
   - eslint-plugin-no-use-extend-native
   - eslint-plugin-regexp
@@ -45,6 +44,7 @@ overrides:
   - files: ["web_src/**/*"]
     globals:
       __webpack_public_path__: true
+      htmx: true
       process: false # https://github.com/webpack/webpack/issues/15833
   - files: ["web_src/**/*", "docs/**/*"]
     env:
@@ -308,55 +308,6 @@ rules:
   i/prefer-default-export: [0]
   i/unambiguous: [0]
   init-declarations: [0]
-  jquery/no-ajax-events: [2]
-  jquery/no-ajax: [2]
-  jquery/no-animate: [2]
-  jquery/no-attr: [2]
-  jquery/no-bind: [2]
-  jquery/no-class: [0]
-  jquery/no-clone: [2]
-  jquery/no-closest: [0]
-  jquery/no-css: [2]
-  jquery/no-data: [0]
-  jquery/no-deferred: [2]
-  jquery/no-delegate: [2]
-  jquery/no-each: [0]
-  jquery/no-extend: [2]
-  jquery/no-fade: [2]
-  jquery/no-filter: [0]
-  jquery/no-find: [0]
-  jquery/no-global-eval: [2]
-  jquery/no-grep: [2]
-  jquery/no-has: [2]
-  jquery/no-hide: [2]
-  jquery/no-html: [0]
-  jquery/no-in-array: [2]
-  jquery/no-is-array: [2]
-  jquery/no-is-function: [2]
-  jquery/no-is: [2]
-  jquery/no-load: [2]
-  jquery/no-map: [2]
-  jquery/no-merge: [2]
-  jquery/no-param: [2]
-  jquery/no-parent: [0]
-  jquery/no-parents: [2]
-  jquery/no-parse-html: [2]
-  jquery/no-prop: [2]
-  jquery/no-proxy: [2]
-  jquery/no-ready: [2]
-  jquery/no-serialize: [2]
-  jquery/no-show: [2]
-  jquery/no-size: [2]
-  jquery/no-sizzle: [2]
-  jquery/no-slide: [2]
-  jquery/no-submit: [2]
-  jquery/no-text: [2]
-  jquery/no-toggle: [2]
-  jquery/no-trigger: [0]
-  jquery/no-trim: [2]
-  jquery/no-val: [0]
-  jquery/no-when: [2]
-  jquery/no-wrap: [2]
   line-comment-position: [0]
   logical-assignment-operators: [0]
   max-classes-per-file: [0]
@@ -766,6 +717,7 @@ rules:
   unicorn/no-lonely-if: [2]
   unicorn/no-magic-array-flat-depth: [0]
   unicorn/no-negated-condition: [0]
+  unicorn/no-negation-in-equality-check: [2]
   unicorn/no-nested-ternary: [0]
   unicorn/no-new-array: [0]
   unicorn/no-new-buffer: [0]
diff --git a/Dockerfile b/Dockerfile
index 21a8ce0d7599b..6621dded9d70a 100644
--- a/Dockerfile
+++ b/Dockerfile
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 FROM docker.io/library/golang:1.22-alpine3.20 AS build-env
 
 ARG GOPROXY
-ENV GOPROXY ${GOPROXY:-direct}
+ENV GOPROXY=${GOPROXY:-direct}
 
 ARG GITEA_VERSION
 ARG TAGS="sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify"
-ENV TAGS "bindata timetzdata $TAGS"
+ENV TAGS="bindata timetzdata $TAGS"
 ARG CGO_EXTRA_CFLAGS
 
 # Build deps
@@ -72,8 +72,8 @@ RUN addgroup \
     git && \
   echo "git:*" | chpasswd -e
 
-ENV USER git
-ENV GITEA_CUSTOM /data/gitea
+ENV USER=git
+ENV GITEA_CUSTOM=/data/gitea
 
 VOLUME ["/data"]
 
diff --git a/Dockerfile.rootless b/Dockerfile.rootless
index b1d2368252c9a..736cea5d055a0 100644
--- a/Dockerfile.rootless
+++ b/Dockerfile.rootless
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 FROM docker.io/library/golang:1.22-alpine3.20 AS build-env
 
 ARG GOPROXY
-ENV GOPROXY ${GOPROXY:-direct}
+ENV GOPROXY=${GOPROXY:-direct}
 
 ARG GITEA_VERSION
 ARG TAGS="sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify"
-ENV TAGS "bindata timetzdata $TAGS"
+ENV TAGS="bindata timetzdata $TAGS"
 ARG CGO_EXTRA_CFLAGS
 
 #Build deps
@@ -75,14 +75,14 @@ COPY --from=build-env /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/contrib/autocompletion/bash_au
 
 # git:git
 USER 1000:1000
-ENV GITEA_WORK_DIR /var/lib/gitea
-ENV GITEA_CUSTOM /var/lib/gitea/custom
-ENV GITEA_TEMP /tmp/gitea
-ENV TMPDIR /tmp/gitea
+ENV GITEA_WORK_DIR=/var/lib/gitea
+ENV GITEA_CUSTOM=/var/lib/gitea/custom
+ENV GITEA_TEMP=/tmp/gitea
+ENV TMPDIR=/tmp/gitea
 
 # TODO add to docs the ability to define the ini to load (useful to test and revert a config)
-ENV GITEA_APP_INI /etc/gitea/app.ini
-ENV HOME "/var/lib/gitea/git"
+ENV GITEA_APP_INI=/etc/gitea/app.ini
+ENV HOME="/var/lib/gitea/git"
 VOLUME ["/var/lib/gitea", "/etc/gitea"]
 WORKDIR /var/lib/gitea
 
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index fd96f9efbd258..c280c832ac7a3 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -8,9 +8,8 @@
 [![](https://www.codetriage.com/go-gitea/gitea/badges/users.svg)](https://www.codetriage.com/go-gitea/gitea "Help Contribute to Open Source")
 [![](https://opencollective.com/gitea/tiers/backers/badge.svg?label=backers&color=brightgreen)](https://opencollective.com/gitea "Become a backer/sponsor of gitea")
 [![](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-blue.svg)](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT "License: MIT")
-[![Contribute with Gitpod](https://img.shields.io/badge/Contribute%20with-Gitpod-908a85?logo=gitpod)](https://gitpod.io/#https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea)
+[![Contribute with Gitpod](https://img.shields.io/badge/Contribute%20with-Gitpod-908a85?logo=gitpod&color=green)](https://gitpod.io/#https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea)
 [![](https://badges.crowdin.net/gitea/localized.svg)](https://crowdin.com/project/gitea "Crowdin")
-[![](https://badgen.net/https/api.tickgit.com/badgen/github.com/go-gitea/gitea/main)](https://www.tickgit.com/browse?repo=github.com/go-gitea/gitea&branch=main "TODOs")
 
 [View this document in Chinese](./README_ZH.md)
 
diff --git a/README_ZH.md b/README_ZH.md
index 7aa7900a47f4a..a2e36dc22f18c 100644
--- a/README_ZH.md
+++ b/README_ZH.md
@@ -8,9 +8,8 @@
 [![](https://www.codetriage.com/go-gitea/gitea/badges/users.svg)](https://www.codetriage.com/go-gitea/gitea "Help Contribute to Open Source")
 [![](https://opencollective.com/gitea/tiers/backers/badge.svg?label=backers&color=brightgreen)](https://opencollective.com/gitea "Become a backer/sponsor of gitea")
 [![](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-blue.svg)](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT "License: MIT")
-[![Contribute with Gitpod](https://img.shields.io/badge/Contribute%20with-Gitpod-908a85?logo=gitpod)](https://gitpod.io/#https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea)
+[![Contribute with Gitpod](https://img.shields.io/badge/Contribute%20with-Gitpod-908a85?logo=gitpod&color=green)](https://gitpod.io/#https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea)
 [![](https://badges.crowdin.net/gitea/localized.svg)](https://crowdin.com/project/gitea "Crowdin")
-[![](https://badgen.net/https/api.tickgit.com/badgen/github.com/go-gitea/gitea/main)](https://www.tickgit.com/browse?repo=github.com/go-gitea/gitea&branch=main "TODOs")
 
 [View this document in English](./README.md)
 
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index ed9d806a65a0f..281604e26a797 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/google/go-github/v61 v61.0.0
 	github.com/google/pprof v0.0.0-20240227163752-401108e1b7e7
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
-	github.com/gorilla/feeds v1.1.2
+	github.com/gorilla/feeds v1.2.0
 	github.com/gorilla/sessions v1.2.2
 	github.com/h2non/gock v1.2.0
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-version v1.6.0
@@ -309,8 +309,6 @@ replace github.com/shurcooL/vfsgen => github.com/lunny/vfsgen v0.0.0-20220105142
 
 replace github.com/nektos/act => gitea.com/gitea/act v0.259.1
 
-replace github.com/gorilla/feeds => github.com/yardenshoham/feeds v0.0.0-20240110072658-f3d0c21c0bd5
-
 // TODO: This could be removed after https://github.com/mholt/archiver/pull/396 merged
 replace github.com/mholt/archiver/v3 => github.com/anchore/archiver/v3 v3.5.2
 
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index 11deacf91684c..9bb91bb4bcb2e 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -426,6 +426,8 @@ github.com/gorilla/context v1.1.1 h1:AWwleXJkX/nhcU9bZSnZoi3h/qGYqQAGhq6zZe/aQW8
 github.com/gorilla/context v1.1.1/go.mod h1:kBGZzfjB9CEq2AlWe17Uuf7NDRt0dE0s8S51q0aT7Yg=
 github.com/gorilla/css v1.0.1 h1:ntNaBIghp6JmvWnxbZKANoLyuXTPZ4cAMlo6RyhlbO8=
 github.com/gorilla/css v1.0.1/go.mod h1:BvnYkspnSzMmwRK+b8/xgNPLiIuNZr6vbZBTPQ2A3b0=
+github.com/gorilla/feeds v1.2.0 h1:O6pBiXJ5JHhPvqy53NsjKOThq+dNFm8+DFrxBEdzSCc=
+github.com/gorilla/feeds v1.2.0/go.mod h1:WMib8uJP3BbY+X8Szd1rA5Pzhdfh+HCCAYT2z7Fza6Y=
 github.com/gorilla/handlers v1.5.2 h1:cLTUSsNkgcwhgRqvCNmdbRWG0A3N4F+M2nWKdScwyEE=
 github.com/gorilla/handlers v1.5.2/go.mod h1:dX+xVpaxdSw+q0Qek8SSsl3dfMk3jNddUkMzo0GtH0w=
 github.com/gorilla/mux v1.8.1 h1:TuBL49tXwgrFYWhqrNgrUNEY92u81SPhu7sTdzQEiWY=
@@ -811,8 +813,6 @@ github.com/xi2/xz v0.0.0-20171230120015-48954b6210f8/go.mod h1:HUYIGzjTL3rfEspMx
 github.com/xordataexchange/crypt v0.0.3-0.20170626215501-b2862e3d0a77/go.mod h1:aYKd//L2LvnjZzWKhF00oedf4jCCReLcmhLdhm1A27Q=
 github.com/xrash/smetrics v0.0.0-20240312152122-5f08fbb34913 h1:+qGGcbkzsfDQNPPe9UDgpxAWQrhbbBXOYJFQDq/dtJw=
 github.com/xrash/smetrics v0.0.0-20240312152122-5f08fbb34913/go.mod h1:4aEEwZQutDLsQv2Deui4iYQ6DWTxR14g6m8Wv88+Xqk=
-github.com/yardenshoham/feeds v0.0.0-20240110072658-f3d0c21c0bd5 h1:3seWKGVhGoc66Ht5QlhQsr4xT2caDnFegsnh2NqvENU=
-github.com/yardenshoham/feeds v0.0.0-20240110072658-f3d0c21c0bd5/go.mod h1:WMib8uJP3BbY+X8Szd1rA5Pzhdfh+HCCAYT2z7Fza6Y=
 github.com/yohcop/openid-go v1.0.1 h1:DPRd3iPO5F6O5zX2e62XpVAbPT6wV51cuucH0z9g3js=
 github.com/yohcop/openid-go v1.0.1/go.mod h1:b/AvD03P0KHj4yuihb+VtLD6bYYgsy0zqBzPCRjkCNs=
 github.com/youmark/pkcs8 v0.0.0-20181117223130-1be2e3e5546d/go.mod h1:rHwXgn7JulP+udvsHwJoVG1YGAP6VLg4y9I5dyZdqmA=
diff --git a/models/repo/repo.go b/models/repo/repo.go
index f02c55fc895a9..189c4aba6cad7 100644
--- a/models/repo/repo.go
+++ b/models/repo/repo.go
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) LoadUnits(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
 	if log.IsTrace() {
 		unitTypeStrings := make([]string, len(repo.Units))
 		for i, unit := range repo.Units {
-			unitTypeStrings[i] = unit.Type.String()
+			unitTypeStrings[i] = unit.Type.LogString()
 		}
 		log.Trace("repo.Units, ID=%d, Types: [%s]", repo.ID, strings.Join(unitTypeStrings, ", "))
 	}
diff --git a/models/repo/repo_unit.go b/models/repo/repo_unit.go
index fd5baa948861c..cb52c2c9e2058 100644
--- a/models/repo/repo_unit.go
+++ b/models/repo/repo_unit.go
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ func IsErrUnitTypeNotExist(err error) bool {
 }
 
 func (err ErrUnitTypeNotExist) Error() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("Unit type does not exist: %s", err.UT.String())
+	return fmt.Sprintf("Unit type does not exist: %s", err.UT.LogString())
 }
 
 func (err ErrUnitTypeNotExist) Unwrap() error {
diff --git a/models/unit/unit.go b/models/unit/unit.go
index 8eedcbd347378..3b62e5f982267 100644
--- a/models/unit/unit.go
+++ b/models/unit/unit.go
@@ -33,39 +33,18 @@ const (
 	TypeActions                     // 10 Actions
 )
 
-// Value returns integer value for unit type
+// Value returns integer value for unit type (used by template)
 func (u Type) Value() int {
 	return int(u)
 }
 
-func (u Type) String() string {
-	switch u {
-	case TypeCode:
-		return "TypeCode"
-	case TypeIssues:
-		return "TypeIssues"
-	case TypePullRequests:
-		return "TypePullRequests"
-	case TypeReleases:
-		return "TypeReleases"
-	case TypeWiki:
-		return "TypeWiki"
-	case TypeExternalWiki:
-		return "TypeExternalWiki"
-	case TypeExternalTracker:
-		return "TypeExternalTracker"
-	case TypeProjects:
-		return "TypeProjects"
-	case TypePackages:
-		return "TypePackages"
-	case TypeActions:
-		return "TypeActions"
-	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("Unknown Type %d", u)
-}
-
 func (u Type) LogString() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("<UnitType:%d:%s>", u, u.String())
+	unit, ok := Units[u]
+	unitName := "unknown"
+	if ok {
+		unitName = unit.NameKey
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("<UnitType:%d:%s>", u, unitName)
 }
 
 var (
@@ -133,7 +112,7 @@ func validateDefaultRepoUnits(defaultUnits, settingDefaultUnits []Type) []Type {
 		units = make([]Type, 0, len(settingDefaultUnits))
 		for _, settingUnit := range settingDefaultUnits {
 			if !settingUnit.CanBeDefault() {
-				log.Warn("Not allowed as default unit: %s", settingUnit.String())
+				log.Warn("Not allowed as default unit: %s", settingUnit.LogString())
 				continue
 			}
 			units = append(units, settingUnit)
diff --git a/modules/markup/html.go b/modules/markup/html.go
index 565bc175b7eb0..c312d3cba0e50 100644
--- a/modules/markup/html.go
+++ b/modules/markup/html.go
@@ -144,20 +144,6 @@ func CustomLinkURLSchemes(schemes []string) {
 	common.LinkRegex, _ = xurls.StrictMatchingScheme(strings.Join(withAuth, "|"))
 }
 
-// IsSameDomain checks if given url string has the same hostname as current Gitea instance
-func IsSameDomain(s string) bool {
-	if strings.HasPrefix(s, "/") {
-		return true
-	}
-	if uapp, err := url.Parse(setting.AppURL); err == nil {
-		if u, err := url.Parse(s); err == nil {
-			return u.Host == uapp.Host
-		}
-		return false
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
 type postProcessError struct {
 	context string
 	err     error
@@ -429,7 +415,7 @@ func visitNode(ctx *RenderContext, procs []processor, node *html.Node) *html.Nod
 	// We ignore code and pre.
 	switch node.Type {
 	case html.TextNode:
-		textNode(ctx, procs, node)
+		processTextNodes(ctx, procs, node)
 	case html.ElementNode:
 		if node.Data == "img" {
 			next := node.NextSibling
@@ -465,15 +451,16 @@ func visitNode(ctx *RenderContext, procs []processor, node *html.Node) *html.Nod
 		for n := node.FirstChild; n != nil; {
 			n = visitNode(ctx, procs, n)
 		}
+	default:
 	}
 	return node.NextSibling
 }
 
-// textNode runs the passed node through various processors, in order to handle
+// processTextNodes runs the passed node through various processors, in order to handle
 // all kinds of special links handled by the post-processing.
-func textNode(ctx *RenderContext, procs []processor, node *html.Node) {
-	for _, processor := range procs {
-		processor(ctx, node)
+func processTextNodes(ctx *RenderContext, procs []processor, node *html.Node) {
+	for _, p := range procs {
+		p(ctx, node)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -761,10 +748,10 @@ func shortLinkProcessor(ctx *RenderContext, node *html.Node) {
 			if image {
 				link = strings.ReplaceAll(link, " ", "+")
 			} else {
-				link = strings.ReplaceAll(link, " ", "-")
+				link = strings.ReplaceAll(link, " ", "-") // FIXME: it should support dashes in the link, eg: "the-dash-support.-"
 			}
 			if !strings.Contains(link, "/") {
-				link = url.PathEscape(link)
+				link = url.PathEscape(link) // FIXME: it doesn't seem right and it might cause double-escaping
 			}
 		}
 		if image {
@@ -796,28 +783,7 @@ func shortLinkProcessor(ctx *RenderContext, node *html.Node) {
 				childNode.Attr = childNode.Attr[:2]
 			}
 		} else {
-			if !absoluteLink {
-				var base string
-				if ctx.IsWiki {
-					switch ext {
-					case "":
-						// no file extension, create a regular wiki link
-						base = ctx.Links.WikiLink()
-					default:
-						// we have a file extension:
-						// return a regular wiki link if it's a renderable file (extension),
-						// raw link otherwise
-						if Type(link) != "" {
-							base = ctx.Links.WikiLink()
-						} else {
-							base = ctx.Links.WikiRawLink()
-						}
-					}
-				} else {
-					base = ctx.Links.SrcLink()
-				}
-				link = util.URLJoin(base, link)
-			}
+			link, _ = ResolveLink(ctx, link, "")
 			childNode.Type = html.TextNode
 			childNode.Data = name
 		}
@@ -939,14 +905,11 @@ func issueIndexPatternProcessor(ctx *RenderContext, node *html.Node) {
 			// Path determines the type of link that will be rendered. It's unknown at this point whether
 			// the linked item is actually a PR or an issue. Luckily it's of no real consequence because
 			// Gitea will redirect on click as appropriate.
-			path := "issues"
-			if ref.IsPull {
-				path = "pulls"
-			}
+			issuePath := util.Iif(ref.IsPull, "pulls", "issues")
 			if ref.Owner == "" {
-				link = createLink(util.URLJoin(ctx.Links.Prefix(), ctx.Metas["user"], ctx.Metas["repo"], path, ref.Issue), reftext, "ref-issue")
+				link = createLink(util.URLJoin(ctx.Links.Prefix(), ctx.Metas["user"], ctx.Metas["repo"], issuePath, ref.Issue), reftext, "ref-issue")
 			} else {
-				link = createLink(util.URLJoin(ctx.Links.Prefix(), ref.Owner, ref.Name, path, ref.Issue), reftext, "ref-issue")
+				link = createLink(util.URLJoin(ctx.Links.Prefix(), ref.Owner, ref.Name, issuePath, ref.Issue), reftext, "ref-issue")
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -1207,7 +1170,7 @@ func hashCurrentPatternProcessor(ctx *RenderContext, node *html.Node) {
 					return
 				}
 				ctx.AddCancel(func() {
-					closer.Close()
+					_ = closer.Close()
 					ctx.GitRepo = nil
 				})
 			}
diff --git a/modules/markup/html_link.go b/modules/markup/html_link.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..a41b87e9fa83d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/markup/html_link.go
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// Copyright 2024 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package markup
+
+import (
+	"path"
+
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
+)
+
+func ResolveLink(ctx *RenderContext, link, userContentAnchorPrefix string) (result string, resolved bool) {
+	isAnchorFragment := link != "" && link[0] == '#'
+	if !isAnchorFragment && !IsFullURLString(link) {
+		linkBase := ctx.Links.Base
+		if ctx.IsWiki {
+			if ext := path.Ext(link); ext == "" || ext == ".-" {
+				linkBase = ctx.Links.WikiLink() // the link is for a wiki page
+			} else if DetectMarkupTypeByFileName(link) != "" {
+				linkBase = ctx.Links.WikiLink() // the link is renderable as a wiki page
+			} else {
+				linkBase = ctx.Links.WikiRawLink() // otherwise, use a raw link instead to view&download medias
+			}
+		} else if ctx.Links.BranchPath != "" || ctx.Links.TreePath != "" {
+			// if there is no BranchPath, then the link will be something like "/owner/repo/src/{the-file-path}"
+			// and then this link will be handled by the "legacy-ref" code and be redirected to the default branch like "/owner/repo/src/branch/main/{the-file-path}"
+			linkBase = ctx.Links.SrcLink()
+		}
+		link, resolved = util.URLJoin(linkBase, link), true
+	}
+	if isAnchorFragment && userContentAnchorPrefix != "" {
+		link, resolved = userContentAnchorPrefix+link[1:], true
+	}
+	return link, resolved
+}
diff --git a/modules/markup/html_test.go b/modules/markup/html_test.go
index df3c2609ef4a3..399488912eefe 100644
--- a/modules/markup/html_test.go
+++ b/modules/markup/html_test.go
@@ -144,17 +144,6 @@ func TestRender_CrossReferences(t *testing.T) {
 		`<p><a href="`+inputURL+`" rel="nofollow"><code>0123456789/foo.txt (L2-L3)</code></a></p>`)
 }
 
-func TestMisc_IsSameDomain(t *testing.T) {
-	setting.AppURL = markup.TestAppURL
-
-	sha := "b6dd6210eaebc915fd5be5579c58cce4da2e2579"
-	commit := util.URLJoin(markup.TestRepoURL, "commit", sha)
-
-	assert.True(t, markup.IsSameDomain(commit))
-	assert.False(t, markup.IsSameDomain("http://google.com/ncr"))
-	assert.False(t, markup.IsSameDomain("favicon.ico"))
-}
-
 func TestRender_links(t *testing.T) {
 	setting.AppURL = markup.TestAppURL
 
@@ -455,6 +444,10 @@ func TestRender_ShortLinks(t *testing.T) {
 		"[[Link]]",
 		`<p><a href="`+url+`" rel="nofollow">Link</a></p>`,
 		`<p><a href="`+urlWiki+`" rel="nofollow">Link</a></p>`)
+	test(
+		"[[Link.-]]",
+		`<p><a href="http://localhost:3000/test-owner/test-repo/src/master/Link.-" rel="nofollow">Link.-</a></p>`,
+		`<p><a href="http://localhost:3000/test-owner/test-repo/wiki/Link.-" rel="nofollow">Link.-</a></p>`)
 	test(
 		"[[Link.jpg]]",
 		`<p><a href="`+imgurl+`" rel="nofollow"><img src="`+imgurl+`" title="Link.jpg" alt="Link.jpg"/></a></p>`,
diff --git a/modules/markup/markdown/markdown_test.go b/modules/markup/markdown/markdown_test.go
index 8c41ec12e3fb1..1a88d5d44a940 100644
--- a/modules/markup/markdown/markdown_test.go
+++ b/modules/markup/markdown/markdown_test.go
@@ -551,6 +551,10 @@ func TestMathBlock(t *testing.T) {
 			"$$a$$",
 			`<pre class="code-block is-loading"><code class="chroma language-math display">a</code></pre>` + nl,
 		},
+		{
+			"$a$ ($b$) [$c$] {$d$}",
+			`<p><code class="language-math is-loading">a</code> (<code class="language-math is-loading">b</code>) [$c$] {$d$}</p>` + nl,
+		},
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range testcases {
@@ -635,7 +639,7 @@ mail@domain.com
 <a href="https://example.com/file.bin" rel="nofollow">https://example.com/file.bin</a><br/>
 <a href="/file.bin" rel="nofollow">local link</a><br/>
 <a href="https://example.com" rel="nofollow">remote link</a><br/>
-<a href="/src/file.bin" rel="nofollow">local link</a><br/>
+<a href="/file.bin" rel="nofollow">local link</a><br/>
 <a href="https://example.com" rel="nofollow">remote link</a><br/>
 <a href="/image.jpg" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener"><img src="/image.jpg" alt="local image"/></a><br/>
 <a href="/path/file" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener"><img src="/path/file" alt="local image"/></a><br/>
@@ -691,7 +695,7 @@ space</p>
 <a href="https://example.com/file.bin" rel="nofollow">https://example.com/file.bin</a><br/>
 <a href="https://gitea.io/file.bin" rel="nofollow">local link</a><br/>
 <a href="https://example.com" rel="nofollow">remote link</a><br/>
-<a href="https://gitea.io/src/file.bin" rel="nofollow">local link</a><br/>
+<a href="https://gitea.io/file.bin" rel="nofollow">local link</a><br/>
 <a href="https://example.com" rel="nofollow">remote link</a><br/>
 <a href="https://gitea.io/image.jpg" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener"><img src="https://gitea.io/image.jpg" alt="local image"/></a><br/>
 <a href="https://gitea.io/path/file" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener"><img src="https://gitea.io/path/file" alt="local image"/></a><br/>
@@ -749,7 +753,7 @@ space</p>
 <a href="https://example.com/file.bin" rel="nofollow">https://example.com/file.bin</a><br/>
 <a href="/relative/path/file.bin" rel="nofollow">local link</a><br/>
 <a href="https://example.com" rel="nofollow">remote link</a><br/>
-<a href="/relative/path/src/file.bin" rel="nofollow">local link</a><br/>
+<a href="/relative/path/file.bin" rel="nofollow">local link</a><br/>
 <a href="https://example.com" rel="nofollow">remote link</a><br/>
 <a href="/relative/path/image.jpg" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener"><img src="/relative/path/image.jpg" alt="local image"/></a><br/>
 <a href="/relative/path/path/file" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener"><img src="/relative/path/path/file" alt="local image"/></a><br/>
@@ -866,7 +870,7 @@ space</p>
 			Expected: `<p>space @mention-user<br/>
 /just/a/path.bin<br/>
 <a href="https://example.com/file.bin" rel="nofollow">https://example.com/file.bin</a><br/>
-<a href="/user/repo/file.bin" rel="nofollow">local link</a><br/>
+<a href="/user/repo/src/sub/folder/file.bin" rel="nofollow">local link</a><br/>
 <a href="https://example.com" rel="nofollow">remote link</a><br/>
 <a href="/user/repo/src/sub/folder/file.bin" rel="nofollow">local link</a><br/>
 <a href="https://example.com" rel="nofollow">remote link</a><br/>
@@ -984,7 +988,7 @@ space</p>
 	for i, c := range cases {
 		result, err := markdown.RenderString(&markup.RenderContext{Ctx: context.Background(), Links: c.Links, IsWiki: c.IsWiki}, input)
 		assert.NoError(t, err, "Unexpected error in testcase: %v", i)
-		assert.Equal(t, template.HTML(c.Expected), result, "Unexpected result in testcase %v", i)
+		assert.Equal(t, c.Expected, string(result), "Unexpected result in testcase %v", i)
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/modules/markup/markdown/math/inline_parser.go b/modules/markup/markdown/math/inline_parser.go
index 862234e69bb74..614cf329af86e 100644
--- a/modules/markup/markdown/math/inline_parser.go
+++ b/modules/markup/markdown/math/inline_parser.go
@@ -45,6 +45,10 @@ func isPunctuation(b byte) bool {
 	return b == '.' || b == '!' || b == '?' || b == ',' || b == ';' || b == ':'
 }
 
+func isBracket(b byte) bool {
+	return b == ')'
+}
+
 func isAlphanumeric(b byte) bool {
 	return (b >= 'a' && b <= 'z') || (b >= 'A' && b <= 'Z') || (b >= '0' && b <= '9')
 }
@@ -84,7 +88,7 @@ func (parser *inlineParser) Parse(parent ast.Node, block text.Reader, pc parser.
 			break
 		}
 		suceedingCharacter := line[pos]
-		if !isPunctuation(suceedingCharacter) && !(suceedingCharacter == ' ') {
+		if !isPunctuation(suceedingCharacter) && !(suceedingCharacter == ' ') && !isBracket(suceedingCharacter) {
 			return nil
 		}
 		if line[ender-1] != '\\' {
diff --git a/modules/markup/markdown/transform_link.go b/modules/markup/markdown/transform_link.go
index 527a5dfc44659..38fbf693ab837 100644
--- a/modules/markup/markdown/transform_link.go
+++ b/modules/markup/markdown/transform_link.go
@@ -4,38 +4,13 @@
 package markdown
 
 import (
-	"path/filepath"
-
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/markup"
-	giteautil "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
 
 	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/ast"
 )
 
 func (g *ASTTransformer) transformLink(ctx *markup.RenderContext, v *ast.Link) {
-	// Links need their href to munged to be a real value
-	link := v.Destination
-	isAnchorFragment := len(link) > 0 && link[0] == '#'
-	if !isAnchorFragment && !markup.IsFullURLBytes(link) {
-		base := ctx.Links.Base
-		if ctx.IsWiki {
-			if filepath.Ext(string(link)) == "" {
-				// This link doesn't have a file extension - assume a regular wiki link
-				base = ctx.Links.WikiLink()
-			} else if markup.Type(string(link)) != "" {
-				// If it's a file type we can render, use a regular wiki link
-				base = ctx.Links.WikiLink()
-			} else {
-				// Otherwise, use a raw link instead
-				base = ctx.Links.WikiRawLink()
-			}
-		} else if ctx.Links.HasBranchInfo() {
-			base = ctx.Links.SrcLink()
-		}
-		link = []byte(giteautil.URLJoin(base, string(link)))
-	}
-	if isAnchorFragment {
-		link = []byte("#user-content-" + string(link)[1:])
+	if link, resolved := markup.ResolveLink(ctx, string(v.Destination), "#user-content-"); resolved {
+		v.Destination = []byte(link)
 	}
-	v.Destination = link
 }
diff --git a/modules/markup/renderer.go b/modules/markup/renderer.go
index 5eb568cb1f0dd..18bdfc9761126 100644
--- a/modules/markup/renderer.go
+++ b/modules/markup/renderer.go
@@ -372,22 +372,14 @@ func renderFile(ctx *RenderContext, input io.Reader, output io.Writer) error {
 	return ErrUnsupportedRenderExtension{extension}
 }
 
-// Type returns if markup format via the filename
-func Type(filename string) string {
+// DetectMarkupTypeByFileName returns the possible markup format type via the filename
+func DetectMarkupTypeByFileName(filename string) string {
 	if parser := GetRendererByFileName(filename); parser != nil {
 		return parser.Name()
 	}
 	return ""
 }
 
-// IsMarkupFile reports whether file is a markup type file
-func IsMarkupFile(name, markup string) bool {
-	if parser := GetRendererByFileName(name); parser != nil {
-		return parser.Name() == markup
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
 func PreviewableExtensions() []string {
 	extensions := make([]string, 0, len(extRenderers))
 	for extension := range extRenderers {
diff --git a/modules/structs/org_team.go b/modules/structs/org_team.go
index 78dc4abaefd32..f8899b236bf4f 100644
--- a/modules/structs/org_team.go
+++ b/modules/structs/org_team.go
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ type Team struct {
 // CreateTeamOption options for creating a team
 type CreateTeamOption struct {
 	// required: true
-	Name                    string `json:"name" binding:"Required;AlphaDashDot;MaxSize(30)"`
+	Name                    string `json:"name" binding:"Required;AlphaDashDot;MaxSize(255)"`
 	Description             string `json:"description" binding:"MaxSize(255)"`
 	IncludesAllRepositories bool   `json:"includes_all_repositories"`
 	// enum: read,write,admin
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ type CreateTeamOption struct {
 // EditTeamOption options for editing a team
 type EditTeamOption struct {
 	// required: true
-	Name                    string  `json:"name" binding:"AlphaDashDot;MaxSize(30)"`
+	Name                    string  `json:"name" binding:"AlphaDashDot;MaxSize(255)"`
 	Description             *string `json:"description" binding:"MaxSize(255)"`
 	IncludesAllRepositories *bool   `json:"includes_all_repositories"`
 	// enum: read,write,admin
diff --git a/modules/templates/helper.go b/modules/templates/helper.go
index 330cbf8908b15..5f73e6b278cdb 100644
--- a/modules/templates/helper.go
+++ b/modules/templates/helper.go
@@ -36,16 +36,16 @@ func NewFuncMap() template.FuncMap {
 		// -----------------------------------------------------------------
 		// html/template related functions
 		"dict":         dict, // it's lowercase because this name has been widely used. Our other functions should have uppercase names.
-		"Iif":          Iif,
-		"Eval":         Eval,
-		"SafeHTML":     SafeHTML,
+		"Iif":          iif,
+		"Eval":         evalTokens,
+		"SafeHTML":     safeHTML,
 		"HTMLFormat":   HTMLFormat,
-		"HTMLEscape":   HTMLEscape,
-		"QueryEscape":  QueryEscape,
-		"JSEscape":     JSEscapeSafe,
+		"HTMLEscape":   htmlEscape,
+		"QueryEscape":  queryEscape,
+		"JSEscape":     jsEscapeSafe,
 		"SanitizeHTML": SanitizeHTML,
 		"URLJoin":      util.URLJoin,
-		"DotEscape":    DotEscape,
+		"DotEscape":    dotEscape,
 
 		"PathEscape":         url.PathEscape,
 		"PathEscapeSegments": util.PathEscapeSegments,
@@ -59,9 +59,9 @@ func NewFuncMap() template.FuncMap {
 		// svg / avatar / icon / color
 		"svg":           svg.RenderHTML,
 		"EntryIcon":     base.EntryIcon,
-		"MigrationIcon": MigrationIcon,
-		"ActionIcon":    ActionIcon,
-		"SortArrow":     SortArrow,
+		"MigrationIcon": migrationIcon,
+		"ActionIcon":    actionIcon,
+		"SortArrow":     sortArrow,
 		"ContrastColor": util.ContrastColor,
 
 		// -----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ func NewFuncMap() template.FuncMap {
 		"DisableImportLocal": func() bool {
 			return !setting.ImportLocalPaths
 		},
-		"UserThemeName": UserThemeName,
+		"UserThemeName": userThemeName,
 		"NotificationSettings": func() map[string]any {
 			return map[string]any{
 				"MinTimeout":            int(setting.UI.Notification.MinTimeout / time.Millisecond),
@@ -155,28 +155,28 @@ func NewFuncMap() template.FuncMap {
 		// -----------------------------------------------------------------
 		// render
 		"RenderCommitMessage":            RenderCommitMessage,
-		"RenderCommitMessageLinkSubject": RenderCommitMessageLinkSubject,
+		"RenderCommitMessageLinkSubject": renderCommitMessageLinkSubject,
 
-		"RenderCommitBody": RenderCommitBody,
-		"RenderCodeBlock":  RenderCodeBlock,
-		"RenderIssueTitle": RenderIssueTitle,
-		"RenderEmoji":      RenderEmoji,
-		"ReactionToEmoji":  ReactionToEmoji,
+		"RenderCommitBody": renderCommitBody,
+		"RenderCodeBlock":  renderCodeBlock,
+		"RenderIssueTitle": renderIssueTitle,
+		"RenderEmoji":      renderEmoji,
+		"ReactionToEmoji":  reactionToEmoji,
 
 		"RenderMarkdownToHtml": RenderMarkdownToHtml,
-		"RenderLabel":          RenderLabel,
+		"RenderLabel":          renderLabel,
 		"RenderLabels":         RenderLabels,
 
 		// -----------------------------------------------------------------
 		// misc
 		"ShortSha":                 base.ShortSha,
 		"ActionContent2Commits":    ActionContent2Commits,
-		"IsMultilineCommitMessage": IsMultilineCommitMessage,
+		"IsMultilineCommitMessage": isMultilineCommitMessage,
 		"CommentMustAsDiff":        gitdiff.CommentMustAsDiff,
 		"MirrorRemoteAddress":      mirrorRemoteAddress,
 
-		"FilenameIsImage": FilenameIsImage,
-		"TabSizeClass":    TabSizeClass,
+		"FilenameIsImage": filenameIsImage,
+		"TabSizeClass":    tabSizeClass,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -197,8 +197,8 @@ func HTMLFormat(s string, rawArgs ...any) template.HTML {
 	return template.HTML(fmt.Sprintf(s, args...))
 }
 
-// SafeHTML render raw as HTML
-func SafeHTML(s any) template.HTML {
+// safeHTML render raw as HTML
+func safeHTML(s any) template.HTML {
 	switch v := s.(type) {
 	case string:
 		return template.HTML(v)
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ func SanitizeHTML(s string) template.HTML {
 	return template.HTML(markup.Sanitize(s))
 }
 
-func HTMLEscape(s any) template.HTML {
+func htmlEscape(s any) template.HTML {
 	switch v := s.(type) {
 	case string:
 		return template.HTML(html.EscapeString(v))
@@ -223,22 +223,22 @@ func HTMLEscape(s any) template.HTML {
 	panic(fmt.Sprintf("unexpected type %T", s))
 }
 
-func JSEscapeSafe(s string) template.HTML {
+func jsEscapeSafe(s string) template.HTML {
 	return template.HTML(template.JSEscapeString(s))
 }
 
-func QueryEscape(s string) template.URL {
+func queryEscape(s string) template.URL {
 	return template.URL(url.QueryEscape(s))
 }
 
-// DotEscape wraps a dots in names with ZWJ [U+200D] in order to prevent autolinkers from detecting these as urls
-func DotEscape(raw string) string {
+// dotEscape wraps a dots in names with ZWJ [U+200D] in order to prevent auto-linkers from detecting these as urls
+func dotEscape(raw string) string {
 	return strings.ReplaceAll(raw, ".", "\u200d.\u200d")
 }
 
-// Iif is an "inline-if", similar util.Iif[T] but templates need the non-generic version,
-// and it could be simply used as "{{Iif expr trueVal}}" (omit the falseVal).
-func Iif(condition any, vals ...any) any {
+// iif is an "inline-if", similar util.Iif[T] but templates need the non-generic version,
+// and it could be simply used as "{{iif expr trueVal}}" (omit the falseVal).
+func iif(condition any, vals ...any) any {
 	if isTemplateTruthy(condition) {
 		return vals[0]
 	} else if len(vals) > 1 {
@@ -273,19 +273,19 @@ func isTemplateTruthy(v any) bool {
 	}
 }
 
-// Eval the expression and return the result, see the comment of eval.Expr for details.
+// evalTokens evaluates the expression by tokens and returns the result, see the comment of eval.Expr for details.
 // To use this helper function in templates, pass each token as a separate parameter.
 //
 //	{{ $int64 := Eval $var "+" 1 }}
 //	{{ $float64 := Eval $var "+" 1.0 }}
 //
 // Golang's template supports comparable int types, so the int64 result can be used in later statements like {{if lt $int64 10}}
-func Eval(tokens ...any) (any, error) {
+func evalTokens(tokens ...any) (any, error) {
 	n, err := eval.Expr(tokens...)
 	return n.Value, err
 }
 
-func UserThemeName(user *user_model.User) string {
+func userThemeName(user *user_model.User) string {
 	if user == nil || user.Theme == "" {
 		return setting.UI.DefaultTheme
 	}
diff --git a/modules/templates/helper_test.go b/modules/templates/helper_test.go
index ea5da7be80845..b9fabb7016460 100644
--- a/modules/templates/helper_test.go
+++ b/modules/templates/helper_test.go
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ func TestSubjectBodySeparator(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestJSEscapeSafe(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.EqualValues(t, `\u0026\u003C\u003E\'\"`, JSEscapeSafe(`&<>'"`))
+	assert.EqualValues(t, `\u0026\u003C\u003E\'\"`, jsEscapeSafe(`&<>'"`))
 }
 
 func TestHTMLFormat(t *testing.T) {
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func TestSanitizeHTML(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestTemplateTruthy(t *testing.T) {
 	tmpl := template.New("test")
-	tmpl.Funcs(template.FuncMap{"Iif": Iif})
+	tmpl.Funcs(template.FuncMap{"Iif": iif})
 	template.Must(tmpl.Parse(`{{if .Value}}true{{else}}false{{end}}:{{Iif .Value "true" "false"}}`))
 
 	cases := []any{
diff --git a/modules/templates/mailer.go b/modules/templates/mailer.go
index 7c97e1ea89d9f..ace81bf4a500f 100644
--- a/modules/templates/mailer.go
+++ b/modules/templates/mailer.go
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ var mailSubjectSplit = regexp.MustCompile(`(?m)^-{3,}\s*$`)
 func mailSubjectTextFuncMap() texttmpl.FuncMap {
 	return texttmpl.FuncMap{
 		"dict": dict,
-		"Eval": Eval,
+		"Eval": evalTokens,
 
 		"EllipsisString": base.EllipsisString,
 		"AppName": func() string {
diff --git a/modules/templates/util_misc.go b/modules/templates/util_misc.go
index 774385483b4c6..d645fa013e81e 100644
--- a/modules/templates/util_misc.go
+++ b/modules/templates/util_misc.go
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/editorconfig/editorconfig-core-go/v2"
 )
 
-func SortArrow(normSort, revSort, urlSort string, isDefault bool) template.HTML {
+func sortArrow(normSort, revSort, urlSort string, isDefault bool) template.HTML {
 	// if needed
 	if len(normSort) == 0 || len(urlSort) == 0 {
 		return ""
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ func SortArrow(normSort, revSort, urlSort string, isDefault bool) template.HTML
 	return ""
 }
 
-// IsMultilineCommitMessage checks to see if a commit message contains multiple lines.
-func IsMultilineCommitMessage(msg string) bool {
+// isMultilineCommitMessage checks to see if a commit message contains multiple lines.
+func isMultilineCommitMessage(msg string) bool {
 	return strings.Count(strings.TrimSpace(msg), "\n") >= 1
 }
 
@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ type Actioner interface {
 	GetIssueInfos() []string
 }
 
-// ActionIcon accepts an action operation type and returns an icon class name.
-func ActionIcon(opType activities_model.ActionType) string {
+// actionIcon accepts an action operation type and returns an icon class name.
+func actionIcon(opType activities_model.ActionType) string {
 	switch opType {
 	case activities_model.ActionCreateRepo, activities_model.ActionTransferRepo, activities_model.ActionRenameRepo:
 		return "repo"
@@ -126,8 +126,8 @@ func ActionContent2Commits(act Actioner) *repository.PushCommits {
 	return push
 }
 
-// MigrationIcon returns a SVG name matching the service an issue/comment was migrated from
-func MigrationIcon(hostname string) string {
+// migrationIcon returns a SVG name matching the service an issue/comment was migrated from
+func migrationIcon(hostname string) string {
 	switch hostname {
 	case "github.com":
 		return "octicon-mark-github"
@@ -177,12 +177,12 @@ func mirrorRemoteAddress(ctx context.Context, m *repo_model.Repository, remoteNa
 	return ret
 }
 
-func FilenameIsImage(filename string) bool {
+func filenameIsImage(filename string) bool {
 	mimeType := mime.TypeByExtension(filepath.Ext(filename))
 	return strings.HasPrefix(mimeType, "image/")
 }
 
-func TabSizeClass(ec *editorconfig.Editorconfig, filename string) string {
+func tabSizeClass(ec *editorconfig.Editorconfig, filename string) string {
 	if ec != nil {
 		def, err := ec.GetDefinitionForFilename(filename)
 		if err == nil && def.TabWidth >= 1 && def.TabWidth <= 16 {
diff --git a/modules/templates/util_render.go b/modules/templates/util_render.go
index b15de6521df68..6eee007f34683 100644
--- a/modules/templates/util_render.go
+++ b/modules/templates/util_render.go
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ func RenderCommitMessage(ctx context.Context, msg string, metas map[string]strin
 	if len(msgLines) == 0 {
 		return template.HTML("")
 	}
-	return RenderCodeBlock(template.HTML(msgLines[0]))
+	return renderCodeBlock(template.HTML(msgLines[0]))
 }
 
-// RenderCommitMessageLinkSubject renders commit message as a XSS-safe link to
+// renderCommitMessageLinkSubject renders commit message as a XSS-safe link to
 // the provided default url, handling for special links without email to links.
-func RenderCommitMessageLinkSubject(ctx context.Context, msg, urlDefault string, metas map[string]string) template.HTML {
+func renderCommitMessageLinkSubject(ctx context.Context, msg, urlDefault string, metas map[string]string) template.HTML {
 	msgLine := strings.TrimLeftFunc(msg, unicode.IsSpace)
 	lineEnd := strings.IndexByte(msgLine, '\n')
 	if lineEnd > 0 {
@@ -68,11 +68,11 @@ func RenderCommitMessageLinkSubject(ctx context.Context, msg, urlDefault string,
 		log.Error("RenderCommitMessageSubject: %v", err)
 		return template.HTML("")
 	}
-	return RenderCodeBlock(template.HTML(renderedMessage))
+	return renderCodeBlock(template.HTML(renderedMessage))
 }
 
-// RenderCommitBody extracts the body of a commit message without its title.
-func RenderCommitBody(ctx context.Context, msg string, metas map[string]string) template.HTML {
+// renderCommitBody extracts the body of a commit message without its title.
+func renderCommitBody(ctx context.Context, msg string, metas map[string]string) template.HTML {
 	msgLine := strings.TrimSpace(msg)
 	lineEnd := strings.IndexByte(msgLine, '\n')
 	if lineEnd > 0 {
@@ -99,14 +99,14 @@ func RenderCommitBody(ctx context.Context, msg string, metas map[string]string)
 // Match text that is between back ticks.
 var codeMatcher = regexp.MustCompile("`([^`]+)`")
 
-// RenderCodeBlock renders "`…`" as highlighted "<code>" block, intended for issue and PR titles
-func RenderCodeBlock(htmlEscapedTextToRender template.HTML) template.HTML {
+// renderCodeBlock renders "`…`" as highlighted "<code>" block, intended for issue and PR titles
+func renderCodeBlock(htmlEscapedTextToRender template.HTML) template.HTML {
 	htmlWithCodeTags := codeMatcher.ReplaceAllString(string(htmlEscapedTextToRender), `<code class="inline-code-block">$1</code>`) // replace with HTML <code> tags
 	return template.HTML(htmlWithCodeTags)
 }
 
-// RenderIssueTitle renders issue/pull title with defined post processors
-func RenderIssueTitle(ctx context.Context, text string, metas map[string]string) template.HTML {
+// renderIssueTitle renders issue/pull title with defined post processors
+func renderIssueTitle(ctx context.Context, text string, metas map[string]string) template.HTML {
 	renderedText, err := markup.RenderIssueTitle(&markup.RenderContext{
 		Ctx:   ctx,
 		Metas: metas,
@@ -118,9 +118,9 @@ func RenderIssueTitle(ctx context.Context, text string, metas map[string]string)
 	return template.HTML(renderedText)
 }
 
-// RenderLabel renders a label
+// renderLabel renders a label
 // locale is needed due to an import cycle with our context providing the `Tr` function
-func RenderLabel(ctx context.Context, locale translation.Locale, label *issues_model.Label) template.HTML {
+func renderLabel(ctx context.Context, locale translation.Locale, label *issues_model.Label) template.HTML {
 	var extraCSSClasses string
 	textColor := util.ContrastColor(label.Color)
 	labelScope := label.ExclusiveScope()
@@ -134,12 +134,12 @@ func RenderLabel(ctx context.Context, locale translation.Locale, label *issues_m
 	if labelScope == "" {
 		// Regular label
 		return HTMLFormat(`<div class="ui label %s" style="color: %s !important; background-color: %s !important;" data-tooltip-content title="%s">%s</div>`,
-			extraCSSClasses, textColor, label.Color, descriptionText, RenderEmoji(ctx, label.Name))
+			extraCSSClasses, textColor, label.Color, descriptionText, renderEmoji(ctx, label.Name))
 	}
 
 	// Scoped label
-	scopeHTML := RenderEmoji(ctx, labelScope)
-	itemHTML := RenderEmoji(ctx, label.Name[len(labelScope)+1:])
+	scopeHTML := renderEmoji(ctx, labelScope)
+	itemHTML := renderEmoji(ctx, label.Name[len(labelScope)+1:])
 
 	// Make scope and item background colors slightly darker and lighter respectively.
 	// More contrast needed with higher luminance, empirically tweaked.
@@ -176,8 +176,8 @@ func RenderLabel(ctx context.Context, locale translation.Locale, label *issues_m
 		textColor, itemColor, itemHTML)
 }
 
-// RenderEmoji renders html text with emoji post processors
-func RenderEmoji(ctx context.Context, text string) template.HTML {
+// renderEmoji renders html text with emoji post processors
+func renderEmoji(ctx context.Context, text string) template.HTML {
 	renderedText, err := markup.RenderEmoji(&markup.RenderContext{Ctx: ctx},
 		template.HTMLEscapeString(text))
 	if err != nil {
@@ -187,8 +187,8 @@ func RenderEmoji(ctx context.Context, text string) template.HTML {
 	return template.HTML(renderedText)
 }
 
-// ReactionToEmoji renders emoji for use in reactions
-func ReactionToEmoji(reaction string) template.HTML {
+// reactionToEmoji renders emoji for use in reactions
+func reactionToEmoji(reaction string) template.HTML {
 	val := emoji.FromCode(reaction)
 	if val != nil {
 		return template.HTML(val.Emoji)
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ func RenderLabels(ctx context.Context, locale translation.Locale, labels []*issu
 		if label == nil {
 			continue
 		}
-		htmlCode += fmt.Sprintf(`<a href="%s?labels=%d">%s</a>`, baseLink, label.ID, RenderLabel(ctx, locale, label))
+		htmlCode += fmt.Sprintf(`<a href="%s?labels=%d">%s</a>`, baseLink, label.ID, renderLabel(ctx, locale, label))
 	}
 	htmlCode += "</span>"
 	return template.HTML(htmlCode)
diff --git a/modules/templates/util_render_test.go b/modules/templates/util_render_test.go
index f493b899e393c..ba47c34efc193 100644
--- a/modules/templates/util_render_test.go
+++ b/modules/templates/util_render_test.go
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ func TestRenderCommitBody(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			assert.Equalf(t, tt.want, RenderCommitBody(tt.args.ctx, tt.args.msg, tt.args.metas), "RenderCommitBody(%v, %v, %v)", tt.args.ctx, tt.args.msg, tt.args.metas)
+			assert.Equalf(t, tt.want, renderCommitBody(tt.args.ctx, tt.args.msg, tt.args.metas), "RenderCommitBody(%v, %v, %v)", tt.args.ctx, tt.args.msg, tt.args.metas)
 		})
 	}
 
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ com 88fc37a3c0a4dda553bdcfc80c178a58247f42fb mit
 <a href="/user13/repo11/issues/123" class="ref-issue">#123</a>
   space`
 
-	assert.EqualValues(t, expected, RenderCommitBody(context.Background(), testInput(), testMetas))
+	assert.EqualValues(t, expected, renderCommitBody(context.Background(), testInput(), testMetas))
 }
 
 func TestRenderCommitMessage(t *testing.T) {
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ func TestRenderCommitMessage(t *testing.T) {
 func TestRenderCommitMessageLinkSubject(t *testing.T) {
 	expected := `<a href="https://example.com/link" class="default-link muted">space </a><a href="/mention-user" class="mention">@mention-user</a>`
 
-	assert.EqualValues(t, expected, RenderCommitMessageLinkSubject(context.Background(), testInput(), "https://example.com/link", testMetas))
+	assert.EqualValues(t, expected, renderCommitMessageLinkSubject(context.Background(), testInput(), "https://example.com/link", testMetas))
 }
 
 func TestRenderIssueTitle(t *testing.T) {
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ mail@domain.com
   space<SPACE><SPACE>
 `
 	expected = strings.ReplaceAll(expected, "<SPACE>", " ")
-	assert.EqualValues(t, expected, RenderIssueTitle(context.Background(), testInput(), testMetas))
+	assert.EqualValues(t, expected, renderIssueTitle(context.Background(), testInput(), testMetas))
 }
 
 func TestRenderMarkdownToHtml(t *testing.T) {
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ func TestRenderMarkdownToHtml(t *testing.T) {
 <a href="https://example.com/file.bin" rel="nofollow">https://example.com/file.bin</a>
 <a href="/file.bin" rel="nofollow">local link</a>
 <a href="https://example.com" rel="nofollow">remote link</a>
-<a href="/src/file.bin" rel="nofollow">local link</a>
+<a href="/file.bin" rel="nofollow">local link</a>
 <a href="https://example.com" rel="nofollow">remote link</a>
 <a href="/image.jpg" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener"><img src="/image.jpg" alt="local image"/></a>
 <a href="https://example.com/image.jpg" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener"><img src="https://example.com/image.jpg" alt="remote image"/></a>
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ com 88fc37a3c0a4dda553bdcfc80c178a58247f42fb mit
 #123
 space</p>
 `
-	assert.EqualValues(t, expected, RenderMarkdownToHtml(context.Background(), testInput()))
+	assert.Equal(t, expected, string(RenderMarkdownToHtml(context.Background(), testInput())))
 }
 
 func TestRenderLabels(t *testing.T) {
diff --git a/modules/web/route.go b/modules/web/route.go
index 805fcb4411529..b02f66802ee50 100644
--- a/modules/web/route.go
+++ b/modules/web/route.go
@@ -5,8 +5,10 @@ package web
 
 import (
 	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
 	"strings"
 
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/web/middleware"
 
 	"gitea.com/go-chi/binding"
@@ -34,30 +36,30 @@ func GetForm(dataStore middleware.ContextDataStore) any {
 	return dataStore.GetData()["__form"]
 }
 
-// Route defines a route based on chi's router
-type Route struct {
-	R              chi.Router
+// Router defines a route based on chi's router
+type Router struct {
+	chiRouter      chi.Router
 	curGroupPrefix string
 	curMiddlewares []any
 }
 
-// NewRoute creates a new route
-func NewRoute() *Route {
+// NewRouter creates a new route
+func NewRouter() *Router {
 	r := chi.NewRouter()
-	return &Route{R: r}
+	return &Router{chiRouter: r}
 }
 
 // Use supports two middlewares
-func (r *Route) Use(middlewares ...any) {
+func (r *Router) Use(middlewares ...any) {
 	for _, m := range middlewares {
 		if m != nil {
-			r.R.Use(toHandlerProvider(m))
+			r.chiRouter.Use(toHandlerProvider(m))
 		}
 	}
 }
 
 // Group mounts a sub-Router along a `pattern` string.
-func (r *Route) Group(pattern string, fn func(), middlewares ...any) {
+func (r *Router) Group(pattern string, fn func(), middlewares ...any) {
 	previousGroupPrefix := r.curGroupPrefix
 	previousMiddlewares := r.curMiddlewares
 	r.curGroupPrefix += pattern
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ func (r *Route) Group(pattern string, fn func(), middlewares ...any) {
 	r.curMiddlewares = previousMiddlewares
 }
 
-func (r *Route) getPattern(pattern string) string {
+func (r *Router) getPattern(pattern string) string {
 	newPattern := r.curGroupPrefix + pattern
 	if !strings.HasPrefix(newPattern, "/") {
 		newPattern = "/" + newPattern
@@ -80,7 +82,7 @@ func (r *Route) getPattern(pattern string) string {
 	return strings.TrimSuffix(newPattern, "/")
 }
 
-func (r *Route) wrapMiddlewareAndHandler(h []any) ([]func(http.Handler) http.Handler, http.HandlerFunc) {
+func (r *Router) wrapMiddlewareAndHandler(h []any) ([]func(http.Handler) http.Handler, http.HandlerFunc) {
 	handlerProviders := make([]func(http.Handler) http.Handler, 0, len(r.curMiddlewares)+len(h)+1)
 	for _, m := range r.curMiddlewares {
 		if m != nil {
@@ -94,7 +96,7 @@ func (r *Route) wrapMiddlewareAndHandler(h []any) ([]func(http.Handler) http.Han
 	}
 	middlewares := handlerProviders[:len(handlerProviders)-1]
 	handlerFunc := handlerProviders[len(handlerProviders)-1](nil).ServeHTTP
-	mockPoint := RouteMockPoint(MockAfterMiddlewares)
+	mockPoint := RouterMockPoint(MockAfterMiddlewares)
 	if mockPoint != nil {
 		middlewares = append(middlewares, mockPoint)
 	}
@@ -103,79 +105,134 @@ func (r *Route) wrapMiddlewareAndHandler(h []any) ([]func(http.Handler) http.Han
 
 // Methods adds the same handlers for multiple http "methods" (separated by ",").
 // If any method is invalid, the lower level router will panic.
-func (r *Route) Methods(methods, pattern string, h ...any) {
+func (r *Router) Methods(methods, pattern string, h ...any) {
 	middlewares, handlerFunc := r.wrapMiddlewareAndHandler(h)
 	fullPattern := r.getPattern(pattern)
 	if strings.Contains(methods, ",") {
 		methods := strings.Split(methods, ",")
 		for _, method := range methods {
-			r.R.With(middlewares...).Method(strings.TrimSpace(method), fullPattern, handlerFunc)
+			r.chiRouter.With(middlewares...).Method(strings.TrimSpace(method), fullPattern, handlerFunc)
 		}
 	} else {
-		r.R.With(middlewares...).Method(methods, fullPattern, handlerFunc)
+		r.chiRouter.With(middlewares...).Method(methods, fullPattern, handlerFunc)
 	}
 }
 
-// Mount attaches another Route along ./pattern/*
-func (r *Route) Mount(pattern string, subR *Route) {
-	subR.Use(r.curMiddlewares...)
-	r.R.Mount(r.getPattern(pattern), subR.R)
+// Mount attaches another Router along ./pattern/*
+func (r *Router) Mount(pattern string, subRouter *Router) {
+	subRouter.Use(r.curMiddlewares...)
+	r.chiRouter.Mount(r.getPattern(pattern), subRouter.chiRouter)
 }
 
 // Any delegate requests for all methods
-func (r *Route) Any(pattern string, h ...any) {
+func (r *Router) Any(pattern string, h ...any) {
 	middlewares, handlerFunc := r.wrapMiddlewareAndHandler(h)
-	r.R.With(middlewares...).HandleFunc(r.getPattern(pattern), handlerFunc)
+	r.chiRouter.With(middlewares...).HandleFunc(r.getPattern(pattern), handlerFunc)
 }
 
 // Delete delegate delete method
-func (r *Route) Delete(pattern string, h ...any) {
+func (r *Router) Delete(pattern string, h ...any) {
 	r.Methods("DELETE", pattern, h...)
 }
 
 // Get delegate get method
-func (r *Route) Get(pattern string, h ...any) {
+func (r *Router) Get(pattern string, h ...any) {
 	r.Methods("GET", pattern, h...)
 }
 
 // Head delegate head method
-func (r *Route) Head(pattern string, h ...any) {
+func (r *Router) Head(pattern string, h ...any) {
 	r.Methods("HEAD", pattern, h...)
 }
 
 // Post delegate post method
-func (r *Route) Post(pattern string, h ...any) {
+func (r *Router) Post(pattern string, h ...any) {
 	r.Methods("POST", pattern, h...)
 }
 
 // Put delegate put method
-func (r *Route) Put(pattern string, h ...any) {
+func (r *Router) Put(pattern string, h ...any) {
 	r.Methods("PUT", pattern, h...)
 }
 
 // Patch delegate patch method
-func (r *Route) Patch(pattern string, h ...any) {
+func (r *Router) Patch(pattern string, h ...any) {
 	r.Methods("PATCH", pattern, h...)
 }
 
 // ServeHTTP implements http.Handler
-func (r *Route) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
-	r.R.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+func (r *Router) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
+	r.normalizeRequestPath(w, req, r.chiRouter)
 }
 
 // NotFound defines a handler to respond whenever a route could not be found.
-func (r *Route) NotFound(h http.HandlerFunc) {
-	r.R.NotFound(h)
+func (r *Router) NotFound(h http.HandlerFunc) {
+	r.chiRouter.NotFound(h)
+}
+
+func (r *Router) normalizeRequestPath(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request, next http.Handler) {
+	normalized := false
+	normalizedPath := req.URL.EscapedPath()
+	if normalizedPath == "" {
+		normalizedPath, normalized = "/", true
+	} else if normalizedPath != "/" {
+		normalized = strings.HasSuffix(normalizedPath, "/")
+		normalizedPath = strings.TrimRight(normalizedPath, "/")
+	}
+	removeRepeatedSlashes := strings.Contains(normalizedPath, "//")
+	normalized = normalized || removeRepeatedSlashes
+
+	// the following code block is a slow-path for replacing all repeated slashes "//" to one single "/"
+	// if the path doesn't have repeated slashes, then no need to execute it
+	if removeRepeatedSlashes {
+		buf := &strings.Builder{}
+		for i := 0; i < len(normalizedPath); i++ {
+			if i == 0 || normalizedPath[i-1] != '/' || normalizedPath[i] != '/' {
+				buf.WriteByte(normalizedPath[i])
+			}
+		}
+		normalizedPath = buf.String()
+	}
+
+	// If the config tells Gitea to use a sub-url path directly without reverse proxy,
+	// then we need to remove the sub-url path from the request URL path.
+	// But "/v2" is special for OCI container registry, it should always be in the root of the site.
+	if setting.UseSubURLPath {
+		remainingPath, ok := strings.CutPrefix(normalizedPath, setting.AppSubURL+"/")
+		if ok {
+			normalizedPath = "/" + remainingPath
+		} else if normalizedPath == setting.AppSubURL {
+			normalizedPath = "/"
+		} else if !strings.HasPrefix(normalizedPath+"/", "/v2/") {
+			// do not respond to other requests, to simulate a real sub-path environment
+			http.Error(resp, "404 page not found, sub-path is: "+setting.AppSubURL, http.StatusNotFound)
+			return
+		}
+		normalized = true
+	}
+
+	// if the path is normalized, then fill it back to the request
+	if normalized {
+		decodedPath, err := url.PathUnescape(normalizedPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			http.Error(resp, "400 Bad Request: unable to unescape path "+normalizedPath, http.StatusBadRequest)
+			return
+		}
+		req.URL.RawPath = normalizedPath
+		req.URL.Path = decodedPath
+	}
+
+	next.ServeHTTP(resp, req)
 }
 
 // Combo delegates requests to Combo
-func (r *Route) Combo(pattern string, h ...any) *Combo {
+func (r *Router) Combo(pattern string, h ...any) *Combo {
 	return &Combo{r, pattern, h}
 }
 
 // Combo represents a tiny group routes with same pattern
 type Combo struct {
-	r       *Route
+	r       *Router
 	pattern string
 	h       []any
 }
diff --git a/modules/web/route_test.go b/modules/web/route_test.go
index cc0e26a12e3c4..6e4c309293b9e 100644
--- a/modules/web/route_test.go
+++ b/modules/web/route_test.go
@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"testing"
 
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/test"
+
 	chi "github.com/go-chi/chi/v5"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
@@ -19,7 +22,7 @@ func TestRoute1(t *testing.T) {
 	recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
 	recorder.Body = buff
 
-	r := NewRoute()
+	r := NewRouter()
 	r.Get("/{username}/{reponame}/{type:issues|pulls}", func(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
 		username := chi.URLParam(req, "username")
 		assert.EqualValues(t, "gitea", username)
@@ -42,7 +45,7 @@ func TestRoute2(t *testing.T) {
 
 	hit := -1
 
-	r := NewRoute()
+	r := NewRouter()
 	r.Group("/{username}/{reponame}", func() {
 		r.Group("", func() {
 			r.Get("/{type:issues|pulls}", func(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
@@ -118,8 +121,8 @@ func TestRoute3(t *testing.T) {
 
 	hit := -1
 
-	m := NewRoute()
-	r := NewRoute()
+	m := NewRouter()
+	r := NewRouter()
 	r.Mount("/api/v1", m)
 
 	m.Group("/repos", func() {
@@ -176,3 +179,44 @@ func TestRoute3(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.EqualValues(t, http.StatusOK, recorder.Code)
 	assert.EqualValues(t, 4, hit)
 }
+
+func TestRouteNormalizePath(t *testing.T) {
+	type paths struct {
+		EscapedPath, RawPath, Path string
+	}
+	testPath := func(reqPath string, expectedPaths paths) {
+		recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		recorder.Body = bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+
+		actualPaths := paths{EscapedPath: "(none)", RawPath: "(none)", Path: "(none)"}
+		r := NewRouter()
+		r.Get("/*", func(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
+			actualPaths.EscapedPath = req.URL.EscapedPath()
+			actualPaths.RawPath = req.URL.RawPath
+			actualPaths.Path = req.URL.Path
+		})
+
+		req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", reqPath, nil)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		r.ServeHTTP(recorder, req)
+		assert.Equal(t, expectedPaths, actualPaths, "req path = %q", reqPath)
+	}
+
+	// RawPath could be empty if the EscapedPath is the same as escape(Path) and it is already normalized
+	testPath("/", paths{EscapedPath: "/", RawPath: "", Path: "/"})
+	testPath("//", paths{EscapedPath: "/", RawPath: "/", Path: "/"})
+	testPath("/%2f", paths{EscapedPath: "/%2f", RawPath: "/%2f", Path: "//"})
+	testPath("///a//b/", paths{EscapedPath: "/a/b", RawPath: "/a/b", Path: "/a/b"})
+
+	defer test.MockVariableValue(&setting.UseSubURLPath, true)()
+	defer test.MockVariableValue(&setting.AppSubURL, "/sub-path")()
+	testPath("/", paths{EscapedPath: "(none)", RawPath: "(none)", Path: "(none)"}) // 404
+	testPath("/sub-path", paths{EscapedPath: "/", RawPath: "/", Path: "/"})
+	testPath("/sub-path/", paths{EscapedPath: "/", RawPath: "/", Path: "/"})
+	testPath("/sub-path//a/b///", paths{EscapedPath: "/a/b", RawPath: "/a/b", Path: "/a/b"})
+	testPath("/sub-path/%2f/", paths{EscapedPath: "/%2f", RawPath: "/%2f", Path: "//"})
+	// "/v2" is special for OCI container registry, it should always be in the root of the site
+	testPath("/v2", paths{EscapedPath: "/v2", RawPath: "/v2", Path: "/v2"})
+	testPath("/v2/", paths{EscapedPath: "/v2", RawPath: "/v2", Path: "/v2"})
+	testPath("/v2/%2f", paths{EscapedPath: "/v2/%2f", RawPath: "/v2/%2f", Path: "/v2//"})
+}
diff --git a/modules/web/routemock.go b/modules/web/routemock.go
index cb41f63b91ab8..e85b0db738960 100644
--- a/modules/web/routemock.go
+++ b/modules/web/routemock.go
@@ -14,14 +14,14 @@ const MockAfterMiddlewares = "MockAfterMiddlewares"
 
 var routeMockPoints = map[string]func(next http.Handler) http.Handler{}
 
-// RouteMockPoint registers a mock point as a middleware for testing, example:
+// RouterMockPoint registers a mock point as a middleware for testing, example:
 //
-//	r.Use(web.RouteMockPoint("my-mock-point-1"))
-//	r.Get("/foo", middleware2, web.RouteMockPoint("my-mock-point-2"), middleware2, handler)
+//	r.Use(web.RouterMockPoint("my-mock-point-1"))
+//	r.Get("/foo", middleware2, web.RouterMockPoint("my-mock-point-2"), middleware2, handler)
 //
 // Then use web.RouteMock to mock the route execution.
 // It only takes effect in testing mode (setting.IsInTesting == true).
-func RouteMockPoint(pointName string) func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
+func RouterMockPoint(pointName string) func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
 	if !setting.IsInTesting {
 		return nil
 	}
diff --git a/modules/web/routemock_test.go b/modules/web/routemock_test.go
index 04c6d1d82e576..89cfaacdd113b 100644
--- a/modules/web/routemock_test.go
+++ b/modules/web/routemock_test.go
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import (
 func TestRouteMock(t *testing.T) {
 	setting.IsInTesting = true
 
-	r := NewRoute()
+	r := NewRouter()
 	middleware1 := func(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
 		resp.Header().Set("X-Test-Middleware1", "m1")
 	}
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ func TestRouteMock(t *testing.T) {
 	handler := func(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
 		resp.Header().Set("X-Test-Handler", "h")
 	}
-	r.Get("/foo", middleware1, RouteMockPoint("mock-point"), middleware2, handler)
+	r.Get("/foo", middleware1, RouterMockPoint("mock-point"), middleware2, handler)
 
 	// normal request
 	recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
diff --git a/options/locale/locale_cs-CZ.ini b/options/locale/locale_cs-CZ.ini
index 10c5a0fc5d2c4..7f65e1317172c 100644
--- a/options/locale/locale_cs-CZ.ini
+++ b/options/locale/locale_cs-CZ.ini
@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ remove_all=Odstranit vše
 remove_label_str=Odstranit položku „%s“
 edit=Upravit
 view=Zobrazit
+test=Test
 
 enabled=Povolený
 disabled=Zakázané
@@ -3223,6 +3224,10 @@ config.cache_adapter=Adaptér mezipaměti
 config.cache_interval=Interval mezipaměti
 config.cache_conn=Připojení mezipaměti
 config.cache_item_ttl=Čas vypršení položky v mezipaměti
+config.cache_test=Otestovat cache
+config.cache_test_failed=Test cache se nezdařil: %v.
+config.cache_test_slow=Test cache byl úspěšný, ale reakce je pomalá: %s.
+config.cache_test_succeeded=Test mezipaměti byl úspěšný, odpověď za %s.
 
 config.session_config=Nastavení relace
 config.session_provider=Poskytovatel relace
diff --git a/options/locale/locale_pt-PT.ini b/options/locale/locale_pt-PT.ini
index bf7bd492f83f0..1fc2a05e6b0a3 100644
--- a/options/locale/locale_pt-PT.ini
+++ b/options/locale/locale_pt-PT.ini
@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ remove_all=Remover tudo
 remove_label_str=`Remover item "%s"`
 edit=Editar
 view=Ver
+test=Teste
 
 enabled=Habilitado
 disabled=Desabilitado
@@ -3224,6 +3225,10 @@ config.cache_adapter=Adaptador de cache
 config.cache_interval=Intervalo de cache
 config.cache_conn=Conexão de cache
 config.cache_item_ttl=TTL do item de cache
+config.cache_test=Teste da cache
+config.cache_test_failed=Fahou ao sondar a cache: %v.
+config.cache_test_slow=O teste da cache foi bem sucedido, mas a resposta é lenta: %s.
+config.cache_test_succeeded=O teste da cache foi bem sucedido, obtive resposta em %s.
 
 config.session_config=Configuração de sessão
 config.session_provider=Fornecedor da sessão
diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json
index 3d6c6586972a4..c01d02da1a778 100644
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/package-lock.json
@@ -5,19 +5,19 @@
   "packages": {
     "": {
       "dependencies": {
-        "@citation-js/core": "0.7.11",
-        "@citation-js/plugin-bibtex": "0.7.12",
-        "@citation-js/plugin-csl": "0.7.11",
+        "@citation-js/core": "0.7.14",
+        "@citation-js/plugin-bibtex": "0.7.14",
+        "@citation-js/plugin-csl": "0.7.14",
         "@citation-js/plugin-software-formats": "0.6.1",
         "@github/markdown-toolbar-element": "2.2.3",
         "@github/relative-time-element": "4.4.2",
-        "@github/text-expander-element": "2.6.1",
+        "@github/text-expander-element": "2.7.1",
         "@mcaptcha/vanilla-glue": "0.1.0-alpha-3",
         "@primer/octicons": "19.9.0",
         "@silverwind/vue3-calendar-heatmap": "2.0.6",
         "add-asset-webpack-plugin": "3.0.0",
         "ansi_up": "6.0.2",
-        "asciinema-player": "3.7.1",
+        "asciinema-player": "3.8.0",
         "chart.js": "4.4.3",
         "chartjs-adapter-dayjs-4": "1.0.4",
         "chartjs-plugin-zoom": "2.0.1",
@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@
         "dayjs": "1.11.11",
         "dropzone": "6.0.0-beta.2",
         "easymde": "2.18.0",
-        "esbuild-loader": "4.1.0",
+        "esbuild-loader": "4.2.0",
         "escape-goat": "4.0.0",
         "fast-glob": "3.3.2",
-        "htmx.org": "1.9.12",
+        "htmx.org": "2.0.0",
         "idiomorph": "0.3.0",
         "jquery": "3.7.1",
         "katex": "0.16.10",
@@ -44,21 +44,22 @@
         "postcss-loader": "8.1.1",
         "postcss-nesting": "12.1.5",
         "sortablejs": "1.15.2",
-        "swagger-ui-dist": "5.17.13",
-        "tailwindcss": "3.4.3",
-        "temporal-polyfill": "0.2.4",
+        "swagger-ui-dist": "5.17.14",
+        "tailwindcss": "3.4.4",
+        "temporal-polyfill": "0.2.5",
         "throttle-debounce": "5.0.0",
         "tinycolor2": "1.6.0",
         "tippy.js": "6.3.7",
         "toastify-js": "1.12.0",
         "tributejs": "5.1.3",
+        "typescript": "5.4.5",
         "uint8-to-base64": "0.2.0",
         "vanilla-colorful": "0.7.2",
-        "vue": "3.4.27",
+        "vue": "3.4.29",
         "vue-bar-graph": "2.0.0",
         "vue-chartjs": "5.3.1",
         "vue-loader": "17.4.2",
-        "webpack": "5.91.0",
+        "webpack": "5.92.0",
         "webpack-cli": "5.1.4",
         "wrap-ansi": "9.0.0"
       },
@@ -66,38 +67,36 @@
         "@eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-comments": "4.3.0",
         "@playwright/test": "1.44.1",
         "@stoplight/spectral-cli": "6.11.1",
-        "@stylistic/eslint-plugin-js": "2.1.0",
+        "@stylistic/eslint-plugin-js": "2.2.1",
         "@stylistic/stylelint-plugin": "2.1.2",
         "@typescript-eslint/parser": "7.13.1",
-        "@vitejs/plugin-vue": "5.0.4",
+        "@vitejs/plugin-vue": "5.0.5",
         "eslint": "8.57.0",
         "eslint-import-resolver-typescript": "3.6.1",
         "eslint-plugin-array-func": "4.0.0",
-        "eslint-plugin-github": "5.0.0-2",
+        "eslint-plugin-github": "5.0.1",
         "eslint-plugin-i": "2.29.1",
-        "eslint-plugin-jquery": "1.5.1",
-        "eslint-plugin-no-jquery": "2.7.0",
+        "eslint-plugin-no-jquery": "3.0.1",
         "eslint-plugin-no-use-extend-native": "0.5.0",
         "eslint-plugin-playwright": "1.6.2",
         "eslint-plugin-regexp": "2.6.0",
         "eslint-plugin-sonarjs": "1.0.3",
-        "eslint-plugin-unicorn": "53.0.0",
+        "eslint-plugin-unicorn": "54.0.0",
         "eslint-plugin-vitest": "0.4.1",
         "eslint-plugin-vitest-globals": "1.5.0",
         "eslint-plugin-vue": "9.26.0",
         "eslint-plugin-vue-scoped-css": "2.8.0",
         "eslint-plugin-wc": "2.1.0",
-        "happy-dom": "14.11.1",
+        "happy-dom": "14.12.0",
         "markdownlint-cli": "0.41.0",
         "postcss-html": "1.7.0",
-        "stylelint": "16.6.0",
+        "stylelint": "16.6.1",
         "stylelint-declaration-block-no-ignored-properties": "2.8.0",
         "stylelint-declaration-strict-value": "1.10.4",
         "stylelint-value-no-unknown-custom-properties": "6.0.1",
         "svgo": "3.3.2",
-        "typescript": "5.4.5",
-        "updates": "16.1.1",
-        "vite-string-plugin": "1.3.1",
+        "updates": "16.2.0",
+        "vite-string-plugin": "1.3.4",
         "vitest": "1.6.0"
       },
       "engines": {
@@ -125,11 +124,11 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@babel/code-frame": {
-      "version": "7.24.6",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/code-frame/-/code-frame-7.24.6.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-ZJhac6FkEd1yhG2AHOmfcXG4ceoLltoCVJjN5XsWN9BifBQr+cHJbWi0h68HZuSORq+3WtJ2z0hwF2NG1b5kcA==",
+      "version": "7.24.7",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/code-frame/-/code-frame-7.24.7.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-BcYH1CVJBO9tvyIZ2jVeXgSIMvGZ2FDRvDdOIVQyuklNKSsx+eppDEBq/g47Ayw+RqNFE+URvOShmf+f/qwAlA==",
       "dependencies": {
-        "@babel/highlight": "^7.24.6",
+        "@babel/highlight": "^7.24.7",
         "picocolors": "^1.0.0"
       },
       "engines": {
@@ -137,19 +136,19 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@babel/helper-validator-identifier": {
-      "version": "7.24.6",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/helper-validator-identifier/-/helper-validator-identifier-7.24.6.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-4yA7s865JHaqUdRbnaxarZREuPTHrjpDT+pXoAZ1yhyo6uFnIEpS8VMu16siFOHDpZNKYv5BObhsB//ycbICyw==",
+      "version": "7.24.7",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/helper-validator-identifier/-/helper-validator-identifier-7.24.7.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-rR+PBcQ1SMQDDyF6X0wxtG8QyLCgUB0eRAGguqRLfkCA87l7yAP7ehq8SNj96OOGTO8OBV70KhuFYcIkHXOg0w==",
       "engines": {
         "node": ">=6.9.0"
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@babel/highlight": {
-      "version": "7.24.6",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/highlight/-/highlight-7.24.6.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-2YnuOp4HAk2BsBrJJvYCbItHx0zWscI1C3zgWkz+wDyD9I7GIVrfnLyrR4Y1VR+7p+chAEcrgRQYZAGIKMV7vQ==",
+      "version": "7.24.7",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/highlight/-/highlight-7.24.7.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-EStJpq4OuY8xYfhGVXngigBJRWxftKX9ksiGDnmlY3o7B/V7KIAc9X4oiK87uPJSc/vs5L869bem5fhZa8caZw==",
       "dependencies": {
-        "@babel/helper-validator-identifier": "^7.24.6",
+        "@babel/helper-validator-identifier": "^7.24.7",
         "chalk": "^2.4.2",
         "js-tokens": "^4.0.0",
         "picocolors": "^1.0.0"
@@ -228,9 +227,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@babel/parser": {
-      "version": "7.24.6",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/parser/-/parser-7.24.6.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-eNZXdfU35nJC2h24RznROuOpO94h6x8sg9ju0tT9biNtLZ2vuP8SduLqqV+/8+cebSLV9SJEAN5Z3zQbJG/M+Q==",
+      "version": "7.24.7",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/parser/-/parser-7.24.7.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-9uUYRm6OqQrCqQdG1iCBwBPZgN8ciDBro2nIOFaiRz1/BCxaI7CNvQbDHvsArAC7Tw9Hda/B3U+6ui9u4HWXPw==",
       "bin": {
         "parser": "bin/babel-parser.js"
       },
@@ -239,9 +238,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@babel/runtime": {
-      "version": "7.24.6",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/runtime/-/runtime-7.24.6.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-Ja18XcETdEl5mzzACGd+DKgaGJzPTCow7EglgwTmHdwokzDFYh/MHua6lU6DV/hjF2IaOJ4oX2nqnjG7RElKOw==",
+      "version": "7.24.7",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/runtime/-/runtime-7.24.7.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-UwgBRMjJP+xv857DCngvqXI3Iq6J4v0wXmwc6sapg+zyhbwmQX67LUEFrkK5tbyJ30jGuG3ZvWpBiB9LCy1kWw==",
       "dependencies": {
         "regenerator-runtime": "^0.14.0"
       },
@@ -255,9 +254,9 @@
       "integrity": "sha512-s3jaWicZd0pkP0jf5ysyHUI/RE7MHos6qlToFcGWXVp+ykHOy77OUMrfbgJ9it2C5bow7OIQwYYaHjk9XlBQ2A=="
     },
     "node_modules/@citation-js/core": {
-      "version": "0.7.11",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@citation-js/core/-/core-0.7.11.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-evQtyzeW+Gbmq+xWciIq9sbcvXXDbm8q32orD/HDd5ay6RQFKoW/BKxBLp+Nmpxgspb9sxTJn3iFK7+jxOTNTw==",
+      "version": "0.7.14",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@citation-js/core/-/core-0.7.14.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-dgeGqYDSQmn2MtnWZkwPGpJQPh43yr1lAAr9jl1NJ9pIY1RXUQxtlAUZVur0V9PHdbfQC+kkvB1KC3VpgVV3MA==",
       "dependencies": {
         "@citation-js/date": "^0.5.0",
         "@citation-js/name": "^0.4.2",
@@ -285,9 +284,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@citation-js/plugin-bibtex": {
-      "version": "0.7.12",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@citation-js/plugin-bibtex/-/plugin-bibtex-0.7.12.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-cvby0llm1a1kjvvN9ivKO3dCFoyljKx2Rn9mMsUm43JTJZ4rP0emAZ8qzRL4cL3IIUaCRgkN36O+uz9yPktC5Q==",
+      "version": "0.7.14",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@citation-js/plugin-bibtex/-/plugin-bibtex-0.7.14.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-xHOHqhF6dthLRv46N9U+mQgYLiiWQHLvQWK9+mcBKz+/3NWge62Xb1oBouNWwLEPd5FV/8gp9fp7SOp93T0dUg==",
       "dependencies": {
         "@citation-js/date": "^0.5.0",
         "@citation-js/name": "^0.4.2",
@@ -313,9 +312,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@citation-js/plugin-csl": {
-      "version": "0.7.11",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@citation-js/plugin-csl/-/plugin-csl-0.7.11.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-4OGZ9wHZDfpgiPU2cOXWGuKt7P+ndGWAeLG95nOG+DXe5U+f9EEZTXfaM4C99x8Ri+g6JklR96A3kuYZxYLllg==",
+      "version": "0.7.14",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@citation-js/plugin-csl/-/plugin-csl-0.7.14.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-7AKB8lMz1IqdtoE33NnWIpteLYMuSl3xqT+Cax7sQKwAIJEoq2HBmb43Ja8xQQ36nREAupQJv1V6XksIAmYnCg==",
       "dependencies": {
         "@citation-js/date": "^0.5.0",
         "citeproc": "^2.4.6"
@@ -514,9 +513,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/aix-ppc64": {
-      "version": "0.20.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/aix-ppc64/-/aix-ppc64-0.20.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-D+EBOJHXdNZcLJRBkhENNG8Wji2kgc9AZ9KiPr1JuZjsNtyHzrsfLRrY0tk2H2aoFu6RANO1y1iPPUCDYWkb5g==",
+      "version": "0.21.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/aix-ppc64/-/aix-ppc64-0.21.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-1SDgH6ZSPTlggy1yI6+Dbkiz8xzpHJEVAlF/AM1tHPLsf5STom9rwtjE4hKAF20FfXXNTFqEYXyJNWh1GiZedQ==",
       "cpu": [
         "ppc64"
       ],
@@ -529,9 +528,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/android-arm": {
-      "version": "0.20.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/android-arm/-/android-arm-0.20.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-t98Ra6pw2VaDhqNWO2Oph2LXbz/EJcnLmKLGBJwEwXX/JAN83Fym1rU8l0JUWK6HkIbWONCSSatf4sf2NBRx/w==",
+      "version": "0.21.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/android-arm/-/android-arm-0.21.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-vCPvzSjpPHEi1siZdlvAlsPxXl7WbOVUBBAowWug4rJHb68Ox8KualB+1ocNvT5fjv6wpkX6o/iEpbDrf68zcg==",
       "cpu": [
         "arm"
       ],
@@ -544,9 +543,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/android-arm64": {
-      "version": "0.20.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/android-arm64/-/android-arm64-0.20.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-mRzjLacRtl/tWU0SvD8lUEwb61yP9cqQo6noDZP/O8VkwafSYwZ4yWy24kan8jE/IMERpYncRt2dw438LP3Xmg==",
+      "version": "0.21.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/android-arm64/-/android-arm64-0.21.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-c0uX9VAUBQ7dTDCjq+wdyGLowMdtR/GoC2U5IYk/7D1H1JYC0qseD7+11iMP2mRLN9RcCMRcjC4YMclCzGwS/A==",
       "cpu": [
         "arm64"
       ],
@@ -559,9 +558,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/android-x64": {
-      "version": "0.20.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/android-x64/-/android-x64-0.20.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-btzExgV+/lMGDDa194CcUQm53ncxzeBrWJcncOBxuC6ndBkKxnHdFJn86mCIgTELsooUmwUm9FkhSp5HYu00Rg==",
+      "version": "0.21.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/android-x64/-/android-x64-0.21.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-D7aPRUUNHRBwHxzxRvp856rjUHRFW1SdQATKXH2hqA0kAZb1hKmi02OpYRacl0TxIGz/ZmXWlbZgjwWYaCakTA==",
       "cpu": [
         "x64"
       ],
@@ -574,9 +573,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/darwin-arm64": {
-      "version": "0.20.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/darwin-arm64/-/darwin-arm64-0.20.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-4J6IRT+10J3aJH3l1yzEg9y3wkTDgDk7TSDFX+wKFiWjqWp/iCfLIYzGyasx9l0SAFPT1HwSCR+0w/h1ES/MjA==",
+      "version": "0.21.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/darwin-arm64/-/darwin-arm64-0.21.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-DwqXqZyuk5AiWWf3UfLiRDJ5EDd49zg6O9wclZ7kUMv2WRFr4HKjXp/5t8JZ11QbQfUS6/cRCKGwYhtNAY88kQ==",
       "cpu": [
         "arm64"
       ],
@@ -589,9 +588,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/darwin-x64": {
-      "version": "0.20.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/darwin-x64/-/darwin-x64-0.20.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-tBcXp9KNphnNH0dfhv8KYkZhjc+H3XBkF5DKtswJblV7KlT9EI2+jeA8DgBjp908WEuYll6pF+UStUCfEpdysA==",
+      "version": "0.21.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/darwin-x64/-/darwin-x64-0.21.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-se/JjF8NlmKVG4kNIuyWMV/22ZaerB+qaSi5MdrXtd6R08kvs2qCN4C09miupktDitvh8jRFflwGFBQcxZRjbw==",
       "cpu": [
         "x64"
       ],
@@ -604,9 +603,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/freebsd-arm64": {
-      "version": "0.20.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/freebsd-arm64/-/freebsd-arm64-0.20.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-d3qI41G4SuLiCGCFGUrKsSeTXyWG6yem1KcGZVS+3FYlYhtNoNgYrWcvkOoaqMhwXSMrZRl69ArHsGJ9mYdbbw==",
+      "version": "0.21.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/freebsd-arm64/-/freebsd-arm64-0.21.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-5JcRxxRDUJLX8JXp/wcBCy3pENnCgBR9bN6JsY4OmhfUtIHe3ZW0mawA7+RDAcMLrMIZaf03NlQiX9DGyB8h4g==",
       "cpu": [
         "arm64"
       ],
@@ -619,9 +618,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/freebsd-x64": {
-      "version": "0.20.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/freebsd-x64/-/freebsd-x64-0.20.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-d+DipyvHRuqEeM5zDivKV1KuXn9WeRX6vqSqIDgwIfPQtwMP4jaDsQsDncjTDDsExT4lR/91OLjRo8bmC1e+Cw==",
+      "version": "0.21.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/freebsd-x64/-/freebsd-x64-0.21.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-J95kNBj1zkbMXtHVH29bBriQygMXqoVQOQYA+ISs0/2l3T9/kj42ow2mpqerRBxDJnmkUDCaQT/dfNXWX/ZZCQ==",
       "cpu": [
         "x64"
       ],
@@ -634,9 +633,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/linux-arm": {
-      "version": "0.20.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/linux-arm/-/linux-arm-0.20.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-VhLPeR8HTMPccbuWWcEUD1Az68TqaTYyj6nfE4QByZIQEQVWBB8vup8PpR7y1QHL3CpcF6xd5WVBU/+SBEvGTg==",
+      "version": "0.21.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/linux-arm/-/linux-arm-0.21.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-bPb5AHZtbeNGjCKVZ9UGqGwo8EUu4cLq68E95A53KlxAPRmUyYv2D6F0uUI65XisGOL1hBP5mTronbgo+0bFcA==",
       "cpu": [
         "arm"
       ],
@@ -649,9 +648,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/linux-arm64": {
-      "version": "0.20.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/linux-arm64/-/linux-arm64-0.20.2.tgz",
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       }
     },
     "node_modules/vue-eslint-parser": {
-      "version": "9.4.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/vue-eslint-parser/-/vue-eslint-parser-9.4.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-Ry9oiGmCAK91HrKMtCrKFWmSFWvYkpGglCeFAIqDdr9zdXmMMpJOmUJS7WWsW7fX81h6mwHmUZCQQ1E0PkSwYQ==",
+      "version": "9.4.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/vue-eslint-parser/-/vue-eslint-parser-9.4.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-2rYRLWlIpaiN8xbPiDyXZXRgLGOtWxERV7ND5fFAv5qo1D2N9Fu9MNajBNc6o13lZ+24DAWCkQCvj4klgmcITg==",
       "dev": true,
       "dependencies": {
         "debug": "^4.3.4",
@@ -12549,9 +12467,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/webpack": {
-      "version": "5.91.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/webpack/-/webpack-5.91.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-rzVwlLeBWHJbmgTC/8TvAcu5vpJNII+MelQpylD4jNERPwpBJOE2lEcko1zJX3QJeLjTTAnQxn/OJ8bjDzVQaw==",
+      "version": "5.92.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/webpack/-/webpack-5.92.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Bsw2X39MYIgxouNATyVpCNVWBCuUwDgWtN78g6lSdPJRLaQ/PUVm/oXcaRAyY/sMFoKFQrsPeqvTizWtq7QPCA==",
       "dependencies": {
         "@types/eslint-scope": "^3.7.3",
         "@types/estree": "^1.0.5",
@@ -12559,10 +12477,10 @@
         "@webassemblyjs/wasm-edit": "^1.12.1",
         "@webassemblyjs/wasm-parser": "^1.12.1",
         "acorn": "^8.7.1",
-        "acorn-import-assertions": "^1.9.0",
+        "acorn-import-attributes": "^1.9.5",
         "browserslist": "^4.21.10",
         "chrome-trace-event": "^1.0.2",
-        "enhanced-resolve": "^5.16.0",
+        "enhanced-resolve": "^5.17.0",
         "es-module-lexer": "^1.2.1",
         "eslint-scope": "5.1.1",
         "events": "^3.2.0",
@@ -13019,9 +12937,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/yaml": {
-      "version": "2.4.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/yaml/-/yaml-2.4.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-B3VqDZ+JAg1nZpaEmWtTXUlBneoGx6CPM9b0TENK6aoSu5t73dItudwdgmi6tHlIZZId4dZ9skcAQ2UbcyAeVA==",
+      "version": "2.4.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/yaml/-/yaml-2.4.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-aBx2bnqDzVOyNKfsysjA2ms5ZlnjSAW2eG3/L5G/CSujfjLJTJsEw1bGw8kCf04KodQWk1pxlGnZ56CRxiawmg==",
       "bin": {
         "yaml": "bin.mjs"
       },
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index d1a9b8a56fb71..d69421c3520c9 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -4,19 +4,19 @@
     "node": ">= 18.0.0"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "@citation-js/core": "0.7.11",
-    "@citation-js/plugin-bibtex": "0.7.12",
-    "@citation-js/plugin-csl": "0.7.11",
+    "@citation-js/core": "0.7.14",
+    "@citation-js/plugin-bibtex": "0.7.14",
+    "@citation-js/plugin-csl": "0.7.14",
     "@citation-js/plugin-software-formats": "0.6.1",
     "@github/markdown-toolbar-element": "2.2.3",
     "@github/relative-time-element": "4.4.2",
-    "@github/text-expander-element": "2.6.1",
+    "@github/text-expander-element": "2.7.1",
     "@mcaptcha/vanilla-glue": "0.1.0-alpha-3",
     "@primer/octicons": "19.9.0",
     "@silverwind/vue3-calendar-heatmap": "2.0.6",
     "add-asset-webpack-plugin": "3.0.0",
     "ansi_up": "6.0.2",
-    "asciinema-player": "3.7.1",
+    "asciinema-player": "3.8.0",
     "chart.js": "4.4.3",
     "chartjs-adapter-dayjs-4": "1.0.4",
     "chartjs-plugin-zoom": "2.0.1",
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@
     "dayjs": "1.11.11",
     "dropzone": "6.0.0-beta.2",
     "easymde": "2.18.0",
-    "esbuild-loader": "4.1.0",
+    "esbuild-loader": "4.2.0",
     "escape-goat": "4.0.0",
     "fast-glob": "3.3.2",
-    "htmx.org": "1.9.12",
+    "htmx.org": "2.0.0",
     "idiomorph": "0.3.0",
     "jquery": "3.7.1",
     "katex": "0.16.10",
@@ -43,21 +43,22 @@
     "postcss-loader": "8.1.1",
     "postcss-nesting": "12.1.5",
     "sortablejs": "1.15.2",
-    "swagger-ui-dist": "5.17.13",
-    "tailwindcss": "3.4.3",
-    "temporal-polyfill": "0.2.4",
+    "swagger-ui-dist": "5.17.14",
+    "tailwindcss": "3.4.4",
+    "temporal-polyfill": "0.2.5",
     "throttle-debounce": "5.0.0",
     "tinycolor2": "1.6.0",
     "tippy.js": "6.3.7",
     "toastify-js": "1.12.0",
     "tributejs": "5.1.3",
+    "typescript": "5.4.5",
     "uint8-to-base64": "0.2.0",
     "vanilla-colorful": "0.7.2",
-    "vue": "3.4.27",
+    "vue": "3.4.29",
     "vue-bar-graph": "2.0.0",
     "vue-chartjs": "5.3.1",
     "vue-loader": "17.4.2",
-    "webpack": "5.91.0",
+    "webpack": "5.92.0",
     "webpack-cli": "5.1.4",
     "wrap-ansi": "9.0.0"
   },
@@ -65,38 +66,36 @@
     "@eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-comments": "4.3.0",
     "@playwright/test": "1.44.1",
     "@stoplight/spectral-cli": "6.11.1",
-    "@stylistic/eslint-plugin-js": "2.1.0",
+    "@stylistic/eslint-plugin-js": "2.2.1",
     "@stylistic/stylelint-plugin": "2.1.2",
     "@typescript-eslint/parser": "7.13.1",
-    "@vitejs/plugin-vue": "5.0.4",
+    "@vitejs/plugin-vue": "5.0.5",
     "eslint": "8.57.0",
     "eslint-import-resolver-typescript": "3.6.1",
     "eslint-plugin-array-func": "4.0.0",
-    "eslint-plugin-github": "5.0.0-2",
+    "eslint-plugin-github": "5.0.1",
     "eslint-plugin-i": "2.29.1",
-    "eslint-plugin-jquery": "1.5.1",
-    "eslint-plugin-no-jquery": "2.7.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-no-jquery": "3.0.1",
     "eslint-plugin-no-use-extend-native": "0.5.0",
     "eslint-plugin-playwright": "1.6.2",
     "eslint-plugin-regexp": "2.6.0",
     "eslint-plugin-sonarjs": "1.0.3",
-    "eslint-plugin-unicorn": "53.0.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-unicorn": "54.0.0",
     "eslint-plugin-vitest": "0.4.1",
     "eslint-plugin-vitest-globals": "1.5.0",
     "eslint-plugin-vue": "9.26.0",
     "eslint-plugin-vue-scoped-css": "2.8.0",
     "eslint-plugin-wc": "2.1.0",
-    "happy-dom": "14.11.1",
+    "happy-dom": "14.12.0",
     "markdownlint-cli": "0.41.0",
     "postcss-html": "1.7.0",
-    "stylelint": "16.6.0",
+    "stylelint": "16.6.1",
     "stylelint-declaration-block-no-ignored-properties": "2.8.0",
     "stylelint-declaration-strict-value": "1.10.4",
     "stylelint-value-no-unknown-custom-properties": "6.0.1",
     "svgo": "3.3.2",
-    "typescript": "5.4.5",
-    "updates": "16.1.1",
-    "vite-string-plugin": "1.3.1",
+    "updates": "16.2.0",
+    "vite-string-plugin": "1.3.4",
     "vitest": "1.6.0"
   },
   "browserslist": [
diff --git a/routers/api/actions/actions.go b/routers/api/actions/actions.go
index a418b3a1c4538..6f03f290ea535 100644
--- a/routers/api/actions/actions.go
+++ b/routers/api/actions/actions.go
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/routers/api/actions/runner"
 )
 
-func Routes(prefix string) *web.Route {
-	m := web.NewRoute()
+func Routes(prefix string) *web.Router {
+	m := web.NewRouter()
 
 	path, handler := ping.NewPingServiceHandler()
 	m.Post(path+"*", http.StripPrefix(prefix, handler).ServeHTTP)
diff --git a/routers/api/actions/artifacts.go b/routers/api/actions/artifacts.go
index 72a2a26c4761e..da5850589f2e6 100644
--- a/routers/api/actions/artifacts.go
+++ b/routers/api/actions/artifacts.go
@@ -101,8 +101,8 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }
 
-func ArtifactsRoutes(prefix string) *web.Route {
-	m := web.NewRoute()
+func ArtifactsRoutes(prefix string) *web.Router {
+	m := web.NewRouter()
 	m.Use(ArtifactContexter())
 
 	r := artifactRoutes{
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ func (ar artifactRoutes) downloadArtifact(ctx *ArtifactContext) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	artifactID := ctx.ParamsInt64("artifact_id")
+	artifactID := ctx.PathParamInt64("artifact_id")
 	artifact, exist, err := db.GetByID[actions.ActionArtifact](ctx, artifactID)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Error("Error getting artifact: %v", err)
diff --git a/routers/api/actions/artifacts_utils.go b/routers/api/actions/artifacts_utils.go
index 3517d57f7800d..a4ca5797dc661 100644
--- a/routers/api/actions/artifacts_utils.go
+++ b/routers/api/actions/artifacts_utils.go
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ func validateArtifactName(ctx *ArtifactContext, artifactName string) bool {
 
 func validateRunID(ctx *ArtifactContext) (*actions.ActionTask, int64, bool) {
 	task := ctx.ActionTask
-	runID := ctx.ParamsInt64("run_id")
+	runID := ctx.PathParamInt64("run_id")
 	if task.Job.RunID != runID {
 		log.Error("Error runID not match")
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, "run-id does not match")
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func validateRunIDV4(ctx *ArtifactContext, rawRunID string) (*actions.ActionTask
 }
 
 func validateArtifactHash(ctx *ArtifactContext, artifactName string) bool {
-	paramHash := ctx.Params("artifact_hash")
+	paramHash := ctx.PathParam("artifact_hash")
 	// use artifact name to create upload url
 	artifactHash := fmt.Sprintf("%x", md5.Sum([]byte(artifactName)))
 	if paramHash == artifactHash {
diff --git a/routers/api/actions/artifactsv4.go b/routers/api/actions/artifactsv4.go
index 2ace9f915f0d0..e78ed7a0c2573 100644
--- a/routers/api/actions/artifactsv4.go
+++ b/routers/api/actions/artifactsv4.go
@@ -129,8 +129,8 @@ func ArtifactV4Contexter() func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
 	}
 }
 
-func ArtifactsV4Routes(prefix string) *web.Route {
-	m := web.NewRoute()
+func ArtifactsV4Routes(prefix string) *web.Router {
+	m := web.NewRouter()
 
 	r := artifactV4Routes{
 		prefix: prefix,
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/alpine/alpine.go b/routers/api/packages/alpine/alpine.go
index 51273198074c7..4b652c9ecc31b 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/alpine/alpine.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/alpine/alpine.go
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ func GetRepositoryFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 		pv,
 		&packages_service.PackageFileInfo{
 			Filename:     alpine_service.IndexArchiveFilename,
-			CompositeKey: fmt.Sprintf("%s|%s|%s", ctx.Params("branch"), ctx.Params("repository"), ctx.Params("architecture")),
+			CompositeKey: fmt.Sprintf("%s|%s|%s", ctx.PathParam("branch"), ctx.PathParam("repository"), ctx.PathParam("architecture")),
 		},
 	)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ func GetRepositoryFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func UploadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	branch := strings.TrimSpace(ctx.Params("branch"))
-	repository := strings.TrimSpace(ctx.Params("repository"))
+	branch := strings.TrimSpace(ctx.PathParam("branch"))
+	repository := strings.TrimSpace(ctx.PathParam("repository"))
 	if branch == "" || repository == "" {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid branch or repository")
 		return
@@ -182,14 +182,14 @@ func UploadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	branch := ctx.Params("branch")
-	repository := ctx.Params("repository")
-	architecture := ctx.Params("architecture")
+	branch := ctx.PathParam("branch")
+	repository := ctx.PathParam("repository")
+	architecture := ctx.PathParam("architecture")
 
 	opts := &packages_model.PackageFileSearchOptions{
 		OwnerID:      ctx.Package.Owner.ID,
 		PackageType:  packages_model.TypeAlpine,
-		Query:        ctx.Params("filename"),
+		Query:        ctx.PathParam("filename"),
 		CompositeKey: fmt.Sprintf("%s|%s|%s", branch, repository, architecture),
 	}
 	pfs, _, err := packages_model.SearchFiles(ctx, opts)
@@ -230,12 +230,12 @@ func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func DeletePackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	branch, repository, architecture := ctx.Params("branch"), ctx.Params("repository"), ctx.Params("architecture")
+	branch, repository, architecture := ctx.PathParam("branch"), ctx.PathParam("repository"), ctx.PathParam("architecture")
 
 	pfs, _, err := packages_model.SearchFiles(ctx, &packages_model.PackageFileSearchOptions{
 		OwnerID:      ctx.Package.Owner.ID,
 		PackageType:  packages_model.TypeAlpine,
-		Query:        ctx.Params("filename"),
+		Query:        ctx.PathParam("filename"),
 		CompositeKey: fmt.Sprintf("%s|%s|%s", branch, repository, architecture),
 	})
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/api.go b/routers/api/packages/api.go
index 4122f632ffa56..0f42e8f59ebb7 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/api.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/api.go
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ func reqPackageAccess(accessMode perm.AccessMode) func(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 }
 
-func verifyAuth(r *web.Route, authMethods []auth.Method) {
+func verifyAuth(r *web.Router, authMethods []auth.Method) {
 	if setting.Service.EnableReverseProxyAuth {
 		authMethods = append(authMethods, &auth.ReverseProxy{})
 	}
@@ -94,8 +94,8 @@ func verifyAuth(r *web.Route, authMethods []auth.Method) {
 
 // CommonRoutes provide endpoints for most package managers (except containers - see below)
 // These are mounted on `/api/packages` (not `/api/v1/packages`)
-func CommonRoutes() *web.Route {
-	r := web.NewRoute()
+func CommonRoutes() *web.Router {
+	r := web.NewRouter()
 
 	r.Use(context.PackageContexter())
 
@@ -264,15 +264,15 @@ func CommonRoutes() *web.Route {
 			)
 
 			r.Get("/*", func(ctx *context.Context) {
-				m := downloadPattern.FindStringSubmatch(ctx.Params("*"))
+				m := downloadPattern.FindStringSubmatch(ctx.PathParam("*"))
 				if len(m) == 0 {
 					ctx.Status(http.StatusNotFound)
 					return
 				}
 
-				ctx.SetParams("channel", strings.TrimSuffix(m[1], "/"))
-				ctx.SetParams("architecture", m[2])
-				ctx.SetParams("filename", m[3])
+				ctx.SetPathParam("channel", strings.TrimSuffix(m[1], "/"))
+				ctx.SetPathParam("architecture", m[2])
+				ctx.SetPathParam("filename", m[3])
 
 				switch m[3] {
 				case "repodata.json", "repodata.json.bz2", "current_repodata.json", "current_repodata.json.bz2":
@@ -282,14 +282,14 @@ func CommonRoutes() *web.Route {
 				}
 			})
 			r.Put("/*", reqPackageAccess(perm.AccessModeWrite), func(ctx *context.Context) {
-				m := uploadPattern.FindStringSubmatch(ctx.Params("*"))
+				m := uploadPattern.FindStringSubmatch(ctx.PathParam("*"))
 				if len(m) == 0 {
 					ctx.Status(http.StatusNotFound)
 					return
 				}
 
-				ctx.SetParams("channel", strings.TrimSuffix(m[1], "/"))
-				ctx.SetParams("filename", m[2])
+				ctx.SetPathParam("channel", strings.TrimSuffix(m[1], "/"))
+				ctx.SetPathParam("filename", m[2])
 
 				conda.UploadPackageFile(ctx)
 			})
@@ -339,11 +339,11 @@ func CommonRoutes() *web.Route {
 			// Manual mapping of routes because the package name contains slashes which chi does not support
 			// https://go.dev/ref/mod#goproxy-protocol
 			r.Get("/*", func(ctx *context.Context) {
-				path := ctx.Params("*")
+				path := ctx.PathParam("*")
 
 				if strings.HasSuffix(path, "/@latest") {
-					ctx.SetParams("name", path[:len(path)-len("/@latest")])
-					ctx.SetParams("version", "latest")
+					ctx.SetPathParam("name", path[:len(path)-len("/@latest")])
+					ctx.SetPathParam("version", "latest")
 
 					goproxy.PackageVersionMetadata(ctx)
 					return
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ func CommonRoutes() *web.Route {
 					return
 				}
 
-				ctx.SetParams("name", parts[0])
+				ctx.SetPathParam("name", parts[0])
 
 				// <package/name>/@v/list
 				if parts[1] == "list" {
@@ -365,21 +365,21 @@ func CommonRoutes() *web.Route {
 
 				// <package/name>/@v/<version>.zip
 				if strings.HasSuffix(parts[1], ".zip") {
-					ctx.SetParams("version", parts[1][:len(parts[1])-len(".zip")])
+					ctx.SetPathParam("version", parts[1][:len(parts[1])-len(".zip")])
 
 					goproxy.DownloadPackageFile(ctx)
 					return
 				}
 				// <package/name>/@v/<version>.info
 				if strings.HasSuffix(parts[1], ".info") {
-					ctx.SetParams("version", parts[1][:len(parts[1])-len(".info")])
+					ctx.SetPathParam("version", parts[1][:len(parts[1])-len(".info")])
 
 					goproxy.PackageVersionMetadata(ctx)
 					return
 				}
 				// <package/name>/@v/<version>.mod
 				if strings.HasSuffix(parts[1], ".mod") {
-					ctx.SetParams("version", parts[1][:len(parts[1])-len(".mod")])
+					ctx.SetPathParam("version", parts[1][:len(parts[1])-len(".mod")])
 
 					goproxy.PackageVersionGoModContent(ctx)
 					return
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ func CommonRoutes() *web.Route {
 			)
 
 			r.Methods("HEAD,GET,PUT,DELETE", "*", func(ctx *context.Context) {
-				path := ctx.Params("*")
+				path := ctx.PathParam("*")
 				isHead := ctx.Req.Method == "HEAD"
 				isGetHead := ctx.Req.Method == "HEAD" || ctx.Req.Method == "GET"
 				isPut := ctx.Req.Method == "PUT"
@@ -533,15 +533,15 @@ func CommonRoutes() *web.Route {
 
 				m := repoPattern.FindStringSubmatch(path)
 				if len(m) == 2 && isGetHead {
-					ctx.SetParams("group", strings.Trim(m[1], "/"))
+					ctx.SetPathParam("group", strings.Trim(m[1], "/"))
 					rpm.GetRepositoryConfig(ctx)
 					return
 				}
 
 				m = repoFilePattern.FindStringSubmatch(path)
 				if len(m) == 3 && isGetHead {
-					ctx.SetParams("group", strings.Trim(m[1], "/"))
-					ctx.SetParams("filename", m[2])
+					ctx.SetPathParam("group", strings.Trim(m[1], "/"))
+					ctx.SetPathParam("filename", m[2])
 					if isHead {
 						rpm.CheckRepositoryFileExistence(ctx)
 					} else {
@@ -556,17 +556,17 @@ func CommonRoutes() *web.Route {
 					if ctx.Written() {
 						return
 					}
-					ctx.SetParams("group", strings.Trim(m[1], "/"))
+					ctx.SetPathParam("group", strings.Trim(m[1], "/"))
 					rpm.UploadPackageFile(ctx)
 					return
 				}
 
 				m = filePattern.FindStringSubmatch(path)
 				if len(m) == 6 && (isGetHead || isDelete) {
-					ctx.SetParams("group", strings.Trim(m[1], "/"))
-					ctx.SetParams("name", m[2])
-					ctx.SetParams("version", m[3])
-					ctx.SetParams("architecture", m[4])
+					ctx.SetPathParam("group", strings.Trim(m[1], "/"))
+					ctx.SetPathParam("name", m[2])
+					ctx.SetPathParam("version", m[3])
+					ctx.SetPathParam("architecture", m[4])
 					if isGetHead {
 						rpm.DownloadPackageFile(ctx)
 					} else {
@@ -607,13 +607,13 @@ func CommonRoutes() *web.Route {
 					r.Get("", func(ctx *context.Context) {
 						// Can't use normal routes here: https://github.com/go-chi/chi/issues/781
 
-						version := ctx.Params("version")
+						version := ctx.PathParam("version")
 						if strings.HasSuffix(version, ".zip") {
 							swift.CheckAcceptMediaType(swift.AcceptZip)(ctx)
 							if ctx.Written() {
 								return
 							}
-							ctx.SetParams("version", version[:len(version)-4])
+							ctx.SetPathParam("version", version[:len(version)-4])
 							swift.DownloadPackageFile(ctx)
 						} else {
 							swift.CheckAcceptMediaType(swift.AcceptJSON)(ctx)
@@ -621,7 +621,7 @@ func CommonRoutes() *web.Route {
 								return
 							}
 							if strings.HasSuffix(version, ".json") {
-								ctx.SetParams("version", version[:len(version)-5])
+								ctx.SetPathParam("version", version[:len(version)-5])
 							}
 							swift.PackageVersionMetadata(ctx)
 						}
@@ -651,8 +651,8 @@ func CommonRoutes() *web.Route {
 // ContainerRoutes provides endpoints that implement the OCI API to serve containers
 // These have to be mounted on `/v2/...` to comply with the OCI spec:
 // https://github.com/opencontainers/distribution-spec/blob/main/spec.md
-func ContainerRoutes() *web.Route {
-	r := web.NewRoute()
+func ContainerRoutes() *web.Router {
+	r := web.NewRouter()
 
 	r.Use(context.PackageContexter())
 
@@ -700,7 +700,7 @@ func ContainerRoutes() *web.Route {
 
 		// Manual mapping of routes because {image} can contain slashes which chi does not support
 		r.Methods("HEAD,GET,POST,PUT,PATCH,DELETE", "/*", func(ctx *context.Context) {
-			path := ctx.Params("*")
+			path := ctx.PathParam("*")
 			isHead := ctx.Req.Method == "HEAD"
 			isGet := ctx.Req.Method == "GET"
 			isPost := ctx.Req.Method == "POST"
@@ -714,7 +714,7 @@ func ContainerRoutes() *web.Route {
 					return
 				}
 
-				ctx.SetParams("image", path[:len(path)-14])
+				ctx.SetPathParam("image", path[:len(path)-14])
 				container.VerifyImageName(ctx)
 				if ctx.Written() {
 					return
@@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ func ContainerRoutes() *web.Route {
 				return
 			}
 			if isGet && strings.HasSuffix(path, "/tags/list") {
-				ctx.SetParams("image", path[:len(path)-10])
+				ctx.SetPathParam("image", path[:len(path)-10])
 				container.VerifyImageName(ctx)
 				if ctx.Written() {
 					return
@@ -741,13 +741,13 @@ func ContainerRoutes() *web.Route {
 					return
 				}
 
-				ctx.SetParams("image", m[1])
+				ctx.SetPathParam("image", m[1])
 				container.VerifyImageName(ctx)
 				if ctx.Written() {
 					return
 				}
 
-				ctx.SetParams("uuid", m[2])
+				ctx.SetPathParam("uuid", m[2])
 
 				if isGet {
 					container.GetUploadBlob(ctx)
@@ -762,13 +762,13 @@ func ContainerRoutes() *web.Route {
 			}
 			m = blobsPattern.FindStringSubmatch(path)
 			if len(m) == 3 && (isHead || isGet || isDelete) {
-				ctx.SetParams("image", m[1])
+				ctx.SetPathParam("image", m[1])
 				container.VerifyImageName(ctx)
 				if ctx.Written() {
 					return
 				}
 
-				ctx.SetParams("digest", m[2])
+				ctx.SetPathParam("digest", m[2])
 
 				if isHead {
 					container.HeadBlob(ctx)
@@ -785,13 +785,13 @@ func ContainerRoutes() *web.Route {
 			}
 			m = manifestsPattern.FindStringSubmatch(path)
 			if len(m) == 3 && (isHead || isGet || isPut || isDelete) {
-				ctx.SetParams("image", m[1])
+				ctx.SetPathParam("image", m[1])
 				container.VerifyImageName(ctx)
 				if ctx.Written() {
 					return
 				}
 
-				ctx.SetParams("reference", m[2])
+				ctx.SetPathParam("reference", m[2])
 
 				if isHead {
 					container.HeadManifest(ctx)
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/cargo/cargo.go b/routers/api/packages/cargo/cargo.go
index 140e532efd822..3d8407e6b6000 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/cargo/cargo.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/cargo/cargo.go
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func RepositoryConfig(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func EnumeratePackageVersions(ctx *context.Context) {
-	p, err := packages_model.GetPackageByName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeCargo, ctx.Params("package"))
+	p, err := packages_model.GetPackageByName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeCargo, ctx.PathParam("package"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
 			apiError(ctx, http.StatusNotFound, err)
@@ -173,11 +173,11 @@ func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 		&packages_service.PackageInfo{
 			Owner:       ctx.Package.Owner,
 			PackageType: packages_model.TypeCargo,
-			Name:        ctx.Params("package"),
-			Version:     ctx.Params("version"),
+			Name:        ctx.PathParam("package"),
+			Version:     ctx.PathParam("version"),
 		},
 		&packages_service.PackageFileInfo{
-			Filename: strings.ToLower(fmt.Sprintf("%s-%s.crate", ctx.Params("package"), ctx.Params("version"))),
+			Filename: strings.ToLower(fmt.Sprintf("%s-%s.crate", ctx.PathParam("package"), ctx.PathParam("version"))),
 		},
 	)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ func UnyankPackage(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func yankPackage(ctx *context.Context, yank bool) {
-	pv, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeCargo, ctx.Params("package"), ctx.Params("version"))
+	pv, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeCargo, ctx.PathParam("package"), ctx.PathParam("version"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if err == packages_model.ErrPackageNotExist {
 			apiError(ctx, http.StatusNotFound, err)
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/chef/chef.go b/routers/api/packages/chef/chef.go
index b49f4e9d0aa8e..b3cdf126977e9 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/chef/chef.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/chef/chef.go
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ func EnumeratePackages(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://github.com/chef/chef/blob/main/knife/lib/chef/knife/supermarket_show.rb
 func PackageMetadata(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageName := ctx.Params("name")
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("name")
 
 	pvs, err := packages_model.GetVersionsByPackageName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeChef, packageName)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -211,8 +211,8 @@ func PackageMetadata(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://github.com/chef/chef/blob/main/knife/lib/chef/knife/supermarket_show.rb
 func PackageVersionMetadata(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageName := ctx.Params("name")
-	packageVersion := strings.ReplaceAll(ctx.Params("version"), "_", ".") // Chef calls this endpoint with "_" instead of "."?!
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("name")
+	packageVersion := strings.ReplaceAll(ctx.PathParam("version"), "_", ".") // Chef calls this endpoint with "_" instead of "."?!
 
 	pv, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeChef, packageName, packageVersion)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ func UploadPackage(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://github.com/chef/chef/blob/main/knife/lib/chef/knife/supermarket_download.rb
 func DownloadPackage(ctx *context.Context) {
-	pv, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeChef, ctx.Params("name"), ctx.Params("version"))
+	pv, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeChef, ctx.PathParam("name"), ctx.PathParam("version"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if err == packages_model.ErrPackageNotExist {
 			apiError(ctx, http.StatusNotFound, err)
@@ -354,8 +354,8 @@ func DownloadPackage(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://github.com/chef/chef/blob/main/knife/lib/chef/knife/supermarket_unshare.rb
 func DeletePackageVersion(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageName := ctx.Params("name")
-	packageVersion := ctx.Params("version")
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("name")
+	packageVersion := ctx.PathParam("version")
 
 	err := packages_service.RemovePackageVersionByNameAndVersion(
 		ctx,
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ func DeletePackageVersion(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://github.com/chef/chef/blob/main/knife/lib/chef/knife/supermarket_unshare.rb
 func DeletePackage(ctx *context.Context) {
-	pvs, err := packages_model.GetVersionsByPackageName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeChef, ctx.Params("name"))
+	pvs, err := packages_model.GetVersionsByPackageName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeChef, ctx.PathParam("name"))
 	if err != nil {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusInternalServerError, err)
 		return
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/composer/composer.go b/routers/api/packages/composer/composer.go
index a045da40def92..40f72f6484832 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/composer/composer.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/composer/composer.go
@@ -134,8 +134,8 @@ func EnumeratePackages(ctx *context.Context) {
 // PackageMetadata returns the metadata for a single package
 // https://packagist.org/apidoc#get-package-data
 func PackageMetadata(ctx *context.Context) {
-	vendorName := ctx.Params("vendorname")
-	projectName := ctx.Params("projectname")
+	vendorName := ctx.PathParam("vendorname")
+	projectName := ctx.PathParam("projectname")
 
 	pvs, err := packages_model.GetVersionsByPackageName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeComposer, vendorName+"/"+projectName)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -168,11 +168,11 @@ func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 		&packages_service.PackageInfo{
 			Owner:       ctx.Package.Owner,
 			PackageType: packages_model.TypeComposer,
-			Name:        ctx.Params("package"),
-			Version:     ctx.Params("version"),
+			Name:        ctx.PathParam("package"),
+			Version:     ctx.PathParam("version"),
 		},
 		&packages_service.PackageFileInfo{
-			Filename: ctx.Params("filename"),
+			Filename: ctx.PathParam("filename"),
 		},
 	)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/conan/conan.go b/routers/api/packages/conan/conan.go
index 07ea3eda34139..7afca2fab18a5 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/conan/conan.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/conan/conan.go
@@ -72,11 +72,11 @@ func baseURL(ctx *context.Context) string {
 // ExtractPathParameters is a middleware to extract common parameters from path
 func ExtractPathParameters(ctx *context.Context) {
 	rref, err := conan_module.NewRecipeReference(
-		ctx.Params("name"),
-		ctx.Params("version"),
-		ctx.Params("user"),
-		ctx.Params("channel"),
-		ctx.Params("recipe_revision"),
+		ctx.PathParam("name"),
+		ctx.PathParam("version"),
+		ctx.PathParam("user"),
+		ctx.PathParam("channel"),
+		ctx.PathParam("recipe_revision"),
 	)
 	if err != nil {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusBadRequest, err)
@@ -85,14 +85,14 @@ func ExtractPathParameters(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 	ctx.Data[recipeReferenceKey] = rref
 
-	reference := ctx.Params("package_reference")
+	reference := ctx.PathParam("package_reference")
 
 	var pref *conan_module.PackageReference
 	if reference != "" {
 		pref, err = conan_module.NewPackageReference(
 			rref,
 			reference,
-			ctx.Params("package_revision"),
+			ctx.PathParam("package_revision"),
 		)
 		if err != nil {
 			apiError(ctx, http.StatusBadRequest, err)
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ func uploadFile(ctx *context.Context, fileFilter container.Set[string], fileKey
 	rref := ctx.Data[recipeReferenceKey].(*conan_module.RecipeReference)
 	pref := ctx.Data[packageReferenceKey].(*conan_module.PackageReference)
 
-	filename := ctx.Params("filename")
+	filename := ctx.PathParam("filename")
 	if !fileFilter.Contains(filename) {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusBadRequest, nil)
 		return
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 func downloadFile(ctx *context.Context, fileFilter container.Set[string], fileKey string) {
 	rref := ctx.Data[recipeReferenceKey].(*conan_module.RecipeReference)
 
-	filename := ctx.Params("filename")
+	filename := ctx.PathParam("filename")
 	if !fileFilter.Contains(filename) {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusBadRequest, nil)
 		return
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/conda/conda.go b/routers/api/packages/conda/conda.go
index c7e4544d52d34..7a46681235a34 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/conda/conda.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/conda/conda.go
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ func EnumeratePackages(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 	repoData := &RepoData{
 		Info: Info{
-			Subdir: ctx.Params("architecture"),
+			Subdir: ctx.PathParam("architecture"),
 		},
 		Packages:      make(map[string]*PackageInfo),
 		PackagesConda: make(map[string]*PackageInfo),
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ func EnumeratePackages(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 	pfs, err := conda_model.SearchFiles(ctx, &conda_model.FileSearchOptions{
 		OwnerID: ctx.Package.Owner.ID,
-		Channel: ctx.Params("channel"),
+		Channel: ctx.PathParam("channel"),
 		Subdir:  repoData.Info.Subdir,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ func EnumeratePackages(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 	var w io.Writer = resp
 
-	if strings.HasSuffix(ctx.Params("filename"), ".json") {
+	if strings.HasSuffix(ctx.PathParam("filename"), ".json") {
 		resp.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
 	} else {
 		resp.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/x-bzip2")
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ func UploadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 	defer buf.Close()
 
 	var pck *conda_module.Package
-	if strings.HasSuffix(strings.ToLower(ctx.Params("filename")), ".tar.bz2") {
+	if strings.HasSuffix(strings.ToLower(ctx.PathParam("filename")), ".tar.bz2") {
 		pck, err = conda_module.ParsePackageBZ2(buf)
 	} else {
 		pck, err = conda_module.ParsePackageConda(buf, buf.Size())
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ func UploadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 	fullName := pck.Name
 
-	channel := ctx.Params("channel")
+	channel := ctx.PathParam("channel")
 	if channel != "" {
 		fullName = channel + "/" + pck.Name
 	}
@@ -277,9 +277,9 @@ func UploadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 	pfs, err := conda_model.SearchFiles(ctx, &conda_model.FileSearchOptions{
 		OwnerID:  ctx.Package.Owner.ID,
-		Channel:  ctx.Params("channel"),
-		Subdir:   ctx.Params("architecture"),
-		Filename: ctx.Params("filename"),
+		Channel:  ctx.PathParam("channel"),
+		Subdir:   ctx.PathParam("architecture"),
+		Filename: ctx.PathParam("filename"),
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusInternalServerError, err)
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/container/container.go b/routers/api/packages/container/container.go
index 5007037beebf4..74a3295f09b3a 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/container/container.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/container/container.go
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ func ReqContainerAccess(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // VerifyImageName is a middleware which checks if the image name is allowed
 func VerifyImageName(ctx *context.Context) {
-	if !imageNamePattern.MatchString(ctx.Params("image")) {
+	if !imageNamePattern.MatchString(ctx.PathParam("image")) {
 		apiErrorDefined(ctx, errNameInvalid)
 	}
 }
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ func GetRepositoryList(ctx *context.Context) {
 // https://github.com/opencontainers/distribution-spec/blob/main/spec.md#single-post
 // https://github.com/opencontainers/distribution-spec/blob/main/spec.md#pushing-a-blob-in-chunks
 func InitiateUploadBlob(ctx *context.Context) {
-	image := ctx.Params("image")
+	image := ctx.PathParam("image")
 
 	mount := ctx.FormTrim("mount")
 	from := ctx.FormTrim("from")
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ func InitiateUploadBlob(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://docs.docker.com/registry/spec/api/#get-blob-upload
 func GetUploadBlob(ctx *context.Context) {
-	uuid := ctx.Params("uuid")
+	uuid := ctx.PathParam("uuid")
 
 	upload, err := packages_model.GetBlobUploadByID(ctx, uuid)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -326,9 +326,9 @@ func GetUploadBlob(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://github.com/opencontainers/distribution-spec/blob/main/spec.md#pushing-a-blob-in-chunks
 func UploadBlob(ctx *context.Context) {
-	image := ctx.Params("image")
+	image := ctx.PathParam("image")
 
-	uploader, err := container_service.NewBlobUploader(ctx, ctx.Params("uuid"))
+	uploader, err := container_service.NewBlobUploader(ctx, ctx.PathParam("uuid"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if err == packages_model.ErrPackageBlobUploadNotExist {
 			apiErrorDefined(ctx, errBlobUploadUnknown)
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ func UploadBlob(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://github.com/opencontainers/distribution-spec/blob/main/spec.md#pushing-a-blob-in-chunks
 func EndUploadBlob(ctx *context.Context) {
-	image := ctx.Params("image")
+	image := ctx.PathParam("image")
 
 	digest := ctx.FormTrim("digest")
 	if digest == "" {
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ func EndUploadBlob(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	uploader, err := container_service.NewBlobUploader(ctx, ctx.Params("uuid"))
+	uploader, err := container_service.NewBlobUploader(ctx, ctx.PathParam("uuid"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if err == packages_model.ErrPackageBlobUploadNotExist {
 			apiErrorDefined(ctx, errBlobUploadUnknown)
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ func EndUploadBlob(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://docs.docker.com/registry/spec/api/#delete-blob-upload
 func CancelUploadBlob(ctx *context.Context) {
-	uuid := ctx.Params("uuid")
+	uuid := ctx.PathParam("uuid")
 
 	_, err := packages_model.GetBlobUploadByID(ctx, uuid)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ func CancelUploadBlob(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func getBlobFromContext(ctx *context.Context) (*packages_model.PackageFileDescriptor, error) {
-	d := ctx.Params("digest")
+	d := ctx.PathParam("digest")
 
 	if digest.Digest(d).Validate() != nil {
 		return nil, container_model.ErrContainerBlobNotExist
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ func getBlobFromContext(ctx *context.Context) (*packages_model.PackageFileDescri
 
 	return workaroundGetContainerBlob(ctx, &container_model.BlobSearchOptions{
 		OwnerID: ctx.Package.Owner.ID,
-		Image:   ctx.Params("image"),
+		Image:   ctx.PathParam("image"),
 		Digest:  d,
 	})
 }
@@ -518,14 +518,14 @@ func GetBlob(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://github.com/opencontainers/distribution-spec/blob/main/spec.md#deleting-blobs
 func DeleteBlob(ctx *context.Context) {
-	d := ctx.Params("digest")
+	d := ctx.PathParam("digest")
 
 	if digest.Digest(d).Validate() != nil {
 		apiErrorDefined(ctx, errBlobUnknown)
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := deleteBlob(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, ctx.Params("image"), d); err != nil {
+	if err := deleteBlob(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, ctx.PathParam("image"), d); err != nil {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusInternalServerError, err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -537,13 +537,13 @@ func DeleteBlob(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://github.com/opencontainers/distribution-spec/blob/main/spec.md#pushing-manifests
 func UploadManifest(ctx *context.Context) {
-	reference := ctx.Params("reference")
+	reference := ctx.PathParam("reference")
 
 	mci := &manifestCreationInfo{
 		MediaType: ctx.Req.Header.Get("Content-Type"),
 		Owner:     ctx.Package.Owner,
 		Creator:   ctx.Doer,
-		Image:     ctx.Params("image"),
+		Image:     ctx.PathParam("image"),
 		Reference: reference,
 		IsTagged:  digest.Digest(reference).Validate() != nil,
 	}
@@ -592,11 +592,11 @@ func UploadManifest(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func getBlobSearchOptionsFromContext(ctx *context.Context) (*container_model.BlobSearchOptions, error) {
-	reference := ctx.Params("reference")
+	reference := ctx.PathParam("reference")
 
 	opts := &container_model.BlobSearchOptions{
 		OwnerID:    ctx.Package.Owner.ID,
-		Image:      ctx.Params("image"),
+		Image:      ctx.PathParam("image"),
 		IsManifest: true,
 	}
 
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@ func serveBlob(ctx *context.Context, pfd *packages_model.PackageFileDescriptor)
 
 // https://github.com/opencontainers/distribution-spec/blob/main/spec.md#content-discovery
 func GetTagList(ctx *context.Context) {
-	image := ctx.Params("image")
+	image := ctx.PathParam("image")
 
 	if _, err := packages_model.GetPackageByName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeContainer, image); err != nil {
 		if err == packages_model.ErrPackageNotExist {
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/cran/cran.go b/routers/api/packages/cran/cran.go
index f1d616724ac22..8a20072cb6dd2 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/cran/cran.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/cran/cran.go
@@ -28,18 +28,18 @@ func apiError(ctx *context.Context, status int, obj any) {
 }
 
 func EnumerateSourcePackages(ctx *context.Context) {
-	enumeratePackages(ctx, ctx.Params("format"), &cran_model.SearchOptions{
+	enumeratePackages(ctx, ctx.PathParam("format"), &cran_model.SearchOptions{
 		OwnerID:  ctx.Package.Owner.ID,
 		FileType: cran_module.TypeSource,
 	})
 }
 
 func EnumerateBinaryPackages(ctx *context.Context) {
-	enumeratePackages(ctx, ctx.Params("format"), &cran_model.SearchOptions{
+	enumeratePackages(ctx, ctx.PathParam("format"), &cran_model.SearchOptions{
 		OwnerID:  ctx.Package.Owner.ID,
 		FileType: cran_module.TypeBinary,
-		Platform: ctx.Params("platform"),
-		RVersion: ctx.Params("rversion"),
+		Platform: ctx.PathParam("platform"),
+		RVersion: ctx.PathParam("rversion"),
 	})
 }
 
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ func DownloadSourcePackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 	downloadPackageFile(ctx, &cran_model.SearchOptions{
 		OwnerID:  ctx.Package.Owner.ID,
 		FileType: cran_module.TypeSource,
-		Filename: ctx.Params("filename"),
+		Filename: ctx.PathParam("filename"),
 	})
 }
 
@@ -233,9 +233,9 @@ func DownloadBinaryPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 	downloadPackageFile(ctx, &cran_model.SearchOptions{
 		OwnerID:  ctx.Package.Owner.ID,
 		FileType: cran_module.TypeBinary,
-		Platform: ctx.Params("platform"),
-		RVersion: ctx.Params("rversion"),
-		Filename: ctx.Params("filename"),
+		Platform: ctx.PathParam("platform"),
+		RVersion: ctx.PathParam("rversion"),
+		Filename: ctx.PathParam("filename"),
 	})
 }
 
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/debian/debian.go b/routers/api/packages/debian/debian.go
index 8c05476cbc3ea..162122ccbdced 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/debian/debian.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/debian/debian.go
@@ -51,10 +51,10 @@ func GetRepositoryFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	key := ctx.Params("distribution")
+	key := ctx.PathParam("distribution")
 
-	component := ctx.Params("component")
-	architecture := strings.TrimPrefix(ctx.Params("architecture"), "binary-")
+	component := ctx.PathParam("component")
+	architecture := strings.TrimPrefix(ctx.PathParam("architecture"), "binary-")
 	if component != "" && architecture != "" {
 		key += "|" + component + "|" + architecture
 	}
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ func GetRepositoryFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 		ctx,
 		pv,
 		&packages_service.PackageFileInfo{
-			Filename:     ctx.Params("filename"),
+			Filename:     ctx.PathParam("filename"),
 			CompositeKey: key,
 		},
 	)
@@ -87,14 +87,14 @@ func GetRepositoryFileByHash(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	algorithm := strings.ToLower(ctx.Params("algorithm"))
+	algorithm := strings.ToLower(ctx.PathParam("algorithm"))
 	if algorithm == "md5sum" {
 		algorithm = "md5"
 	}
 
 	pfs, _, err := packages_model.SearchFiles(ctx, &packages_model.PackageFileSearchOptions{
 		VersionID:     pv.ID,
-		Hash:          strings.ToLower(ctx.Params("hash")),
+		Hash:          strings.ToLower(ctx.PathParam("hash")),
 		HashAlgorithm: algorithm,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -120,8 +120,8 @@ func GetRepositoryFileByHash(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func UploadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	distribution := strings.TrimSpace(ctx.Params("distribution"))
-	component := strings.TrimSpace(ctx.Params("component"))
+	distribution := strings.TrimSpace(ctx.PathParam("distribution"))
+	component := strings.TrimSpace(ctx.PathParam("component"))
 	if distribution == "" || component == "" {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid distribution or component")
 		return
@@ -207,8 +207,8 @@ func UploadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	name := ctx.Params("name")
-	version := ctx.Params("version")
+	name := ctx.PathParam("name")
+	version := ctx.PathParam("version")
 
 	s, u, pf, err := packages_service.GetFileStreamByPackageNameAndVersion(
 		ctx,
@@ -219,8 +219,8 @@ func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 			Version:     version,
 		},
 		&packages_service.PackageFileInfo{
-			Filename:     fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s_%s.deb", name, version, ctx.Params("architecture")),
-			CompositeKey: fmt.Sprintf("%s|%s", ctx.Params("distribution"), ctx.Params("component")),
+			Filename:     fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s_%s.deb", name, version, ctx.PathParam("architecture")),
+			CompositeKey: fmt.Sprintf("%s|%s", ctx.PathParam("distribution"), ctx.PathParam("component")),
 		},
 	)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -240,11 +240,11 @@ func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func DeletePackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	distribution := ctx.Params("distribution")
-	component := ctx.Params("component")
-	name := ctx.Params("name")
-	version := ctx.Params("version")
-	architecture := ctx.Params("architecture")
+	distribution := ctx.PathParam("distribution")
+	component := ctx.PathParam("component")
+	name := ctx.PathParam("name")
+	version := ctx.PathParam("version")
+	architecture := ctx.PathParam("architecture")
 
 	owner := ctx.Package.Owner
 
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/generic/generic.go b/routers/api/packages/generic/generic.go
index e66f3ee676c41..868caf9cf062a 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/generic/generic.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/generic/generic.go
@@ -36,11 +36,11 @@ func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 		&packages_service.PackageInfo{
 			Owner:       ctx.Package.Owner,
 			PackageType: packages_model.TypeGeneric,
-			Name:        ctx.Params("packagename"),
-			Version:     ctx.Params("packageversion"),
+			Name:        ctx.PathParam("packagename"),
+			Version:     ctx.PathParam("packageversion"),
 		},
 		&packages_service.PackageFileInfo{
-			Filename: ctx.Params("filename"),
+			Filename: ctx.PathParam("filename"),
 		},
 	)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ func isValidFileName(filename string) bool {
 // UploadPackage uploads the specific generic package.
 // Duplicated packages get rejected.
 func UploadPackage(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageName := ctx.Params("packagename")
-	filename := ctx.Params("filename")
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("packagename")
+	filename := ctx.PathParam("filename")
 
 	if !isValidPackageName(packageName) {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusBadRequest, errors.New("invalid package name"))
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func UploadPackage(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	packageVersion := ctx.Params("packageversion")
+	packageVersion := ctx.PathParam("packageversion")
 	if packageVersion != strings.TrimSpace(packageVersion) {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusBadRequest, errors.New("invalid package version"))
 		return
@@ -150,8 +150,8 @@ func DeletePackage(ctx *context.Context) {
 		&packages_service.PackageInfo{
 			Owner:       ctx.Package.Owner,
 			PackageType: packages_model.TypeGeneric,
-			Name:        ctx.Params("packagename"),
-			Version:     ctx.Params("packageversion"),
+			Name:        ctx.PathParam("packagename"),
+			Version:     ctx.PathParam("packageversion"),
 		},
 	)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -169,12 +169,12 @@ func DeletePackage(ctx *context.Context) {
 // DeletePackageFile deletes the specific file of a generic package.
 func DeletePackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 	pv, pf, err := func() (*packages_model.PackageVersion, *packages_model.PackageFile, error) {
-		pv, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeGeneric, ctx.Params("packagename"), ctx.Params("packageversion"))
+		pv, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeGeneric, ctx.PathParam("packagename"), ctx.PathParam("packageversion"))
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, err
 		}
 
-		pf, err := packages_model.GetFileForVersionByName(ctx, pv.ID, ctx.Params("filename"), packages_model.EmptyFileKey)
+		pf, err := packages_model.GetFileForVersionByName(ctx, pv.ID, ctx.PathParam("filename"), packages_model.EmptyFileKey)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, err
 		}
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/goproxy/goproxy.go b/routers/api/packages/goproxy/goproxy.go
index 56a07dbd43ec8..bde29df73935e 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/goproxy/goproxy.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/goproxy/goproxy.go
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ func apiError(ctx *context.Context, status int, obj any) {
 }
 
 func EnumeratePackageVersions(ctx *context.Context) {
-	pvs, err := packages_model.GetVersionsByPackageName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeGo, ctx.Params("name"))
+	pvs, err := packages_model.GetVersionsByPackageName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeGo, ctx.PathParam("name"))
 	if err != nil {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusInternalServerError, err)
 		return
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ func EnumeratePackageVersions(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func PackageVersionMetadata(ctx *context.Context) {
-	pv, err := resolvePackage(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, ctx.Params("name"), ctx.Params("version"))
+	pv, err := resolvePackage(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, ctx.PathParam("name"), ctx.PathParam("version"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
 			apiError(ctx, http.StatusNotFound, err)
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ func PackageVersionMetadata(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func PackageVersionGoModContent(ctx *context.Context) {
-	pv, err := resolvePackage(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, ctx.Params("name"), ctx.Params("version"))
+	pv, err := resolvePackage(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, ctx.PathParam("name"), ctx.PathParam("version"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
 			apiError(ctx, http.StatusNotFound, err)
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ func PackageVersionGoModContent(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	pv, err := resolvePackage(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, ctx.Params("name"), ctx.Params("version"))
+	pv, err := resolvePackage(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, ctx.PathParam("name"), ctx.PathParam("version"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
 			apiError(ctx, http.StatusNotFound, err)
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/helm/helm.go b/routers/api/packages/helm/helm.go
index efdb83ec0e776..cb30a20074e3f 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/helm/helm.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/helm/helm.go
@@ -101,14 +101,14 @@ func Index(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // DownloadPackageFile serves the content of a package
 func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	filename := ctx.Params("filename")
+	filename := ctx.PathParam("filename")
 
 	pvs, _, err := packages_model.SearchVersions(ctx, &packages_model.PackageSearchOptions{
 		OwnerID: ctx.Package.Owner.ID,
 		Type:    packages_model.TypeHelm,
 		Name: packages_model.SearchValue{
 			ExactMatch: true,
-			Value:      ctx.Params("package"),
+			Value:      ctx.PathParam("package"),
 		},
 		HasFileWithName: filename,
 		IsInternal:      optional.Some(false),
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/maven/maven.go b/routers/api/packages/maven/maven.go
index cb15eae682640..1486e83c57db5 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/maven/maven.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/maven/maven.go
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ type parameters struct {
 }
 
 func extractPathParameters(ctx *context.Context) (parameters, error) {
-	parts := strings.Split(ctx.Params("*"), "/")
+	parts := strings.Split(ctx.PathParam("*"), "/")
 
 	p := parameters{
 		Filename: parts[len(parts)-1],
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/npm/npm.go b/routers/api/packages/npm/npm.go
index 84acfffae25e2..284723e0d7d0b 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/npm/npm.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/npm/npm.go
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ func apiError(ctx *context.Context, status int, obj any) {
 // packageNameFromParams gets the package name from the url parameters
 // Variations: /name/, /@scope/name/, /@scope%2Fname/
 func packageNameFromParams(ctx *context.Context) string {
-	scope := ctx.Params("scope")
-	id := ctx.Params("id")
+	scope := ctx.PathParam("scope")
+	id := ctx.PathParam("id")
 	if scope != "" {
 		return fmt.Sprintf("@%s/%s", scope, id)
 	}
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@ func PackageMetadata(ctx *context.Context) {
 // DownloadPackageFile serves the content of a package
 func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 	packageName := packageNameFromParams(ctx)
-	packageVersion := ctx.Params("version")
-	filename := ctx.Params("filename")
+	packageVersion := ctx.PathParam("version")
+	filename := ctx.PathParam("filename")
 
 	s, u, pf, err := packages_service.GetFileStreamByPackageNameAndVersion(
 		ctx,
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // DownloadPackageFileByName finds the version and serves the contents of a package
 func DownloadPackageFileByName(ctx *context.Context) {
-	filename := ctx.Params("filename")
+	filename := ctx.PathParam("filename")
 
 	pvs, _, err := packages_model.SearchVersions(ctx, &packages_model.PackageSearchOptions{
 		OwnerID: ctx.Package.Owner.ID,
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ func DeletePreview(ctx *context.Context) {
 // DeletePackageVersion deletes the package version
 func DeletePackageVersion(ctx *context.Context) {
 	packageName := packageNameFromParams(ctx)
-	packageVersion := ctx.Params("version")
+	packageVersion := ctx.PathParam("version")
 
 	err := packages_service.RemovePackageVersionByNameAndVersion(
 		ctx,
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ func AddPackageTag(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := setPackageTag(ctx, ctx.Params("tag"), pv, false); err != nil {
+	if err := setPackageTag(ctx, ctx.PathParam("tag"), pv, false); err != nil {
 		if err == errInvalidTagName {
 			apiError(ctx, http.StatusBadRequest, err)
 			return
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ func DeletePackageTag(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	if len(pvs) != 0 {
-		if err := setPackageTag(ctx, ctx.Params("tag"), pvs[0], true); err != nil {
+		if err := setPackageTag(ctx, ctx.PathParam("tag"), pvs[0], true); err != nil {
 			if err == errInvalidTagName {
 				apiError(ctx, http.StatusBadRequest, err)
 				return
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/nuget/nuget.go b/routers/api/packages/nuget/nuget.go
index 0d7212d7f782f..70b95e6a77406 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/nuget/nuget.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/nuget/nuget.go
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ func SearchServiceV3(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/nuget/api/registration-base-url-resource#registration-index
 func RegistrationIndex(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageName := ctx.Params("id")
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("id")
 
 	pvs, err := packages_model.GetVersionsByPackageName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeNuGet, packageName)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -254,8 +254,8 @@ func RegistrationIndex(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://github.com/NuGet/NuGet.Client/blob/dev/src/NuGet.Core/NuGet.Protocol/LegacyFeed/V2FeedQueryBuilder.cs
 func RegistrationLeafV2(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageName := ctx.Params("id")
-	packageVersion := ctx.Params("version")
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("id")
+	packageVersion := ctx.PathParam("version")
 
 	pv, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeNuGet, packageName, packageVersion)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -283,8 +283,8 @@ func RegistrationLeafV2(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/nuget/api/registration-base-url-resource#registration-leaf
 func RegistrationLeafV3(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageName := ctx.Params("id")
-	packageVersion := strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.Params("version"), ".json")
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("id")
+	packageVersion := strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.PathParam("version"), ".json")
 
 	pv, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeNuGet, packageName, packageVersion)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ func EnumeratePackageVersionsV2Count(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/nuget/api/package-base-address-resource#enumerate-package-versions
 func EnumeratePackageVersionsV3(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageName := ctx.Params("id")
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("id")
 
 	pvs, err := packages_model.GetVersionsByPackageName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeNuGet, packageName)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -401,9 +401,9 @@ func EnumeratePackageVersionsV3(ctx *context.Context) {
 // https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/nuget/api/package-base-address-resource#download-package-manifest-nuspec
 // https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/nuget/api/package-base-address-resource#download-package-content-nupkg
 func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageName := ctx.Params("id")
-	packageVersion := ctx.Params("version")
-	filename := ctx.Params("filename")
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("id")
+	packageVersion := ctx.PathParam("version")
+	filename := ctx.PathParam("filename")
 
 	s, u, pf, err := packages_service.GetFileStreamByPackageNameAndVersion(
 		ctx,
@@ -643,9 +643,9 @@ func processUploadedFile(ctx *context.Context, expectedType nuget_module.Package
 
 // https://github.com/dotnet/symstore/blob/main/docs/specs/Simple_Symbol_Query_Protocol.md#request
 func DownloadSymbolFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	filename := ctx.Params("filename")
-	guid := ctx.Params("guid")[:32]
-	filename2 := ctx.Params("filename2")
+	filename := ctx.PathParam("filename")
+	guid := ctx.PathParam("guid")[:32]
+	filename2 := ctx.PathParam("filename2")
 
 	if filename != filename2 {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusBadRequest, nil)
@@ -685,8 +685,8 @@ func DownloadSymbolFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 // DeletePackage hard deletes the package
 // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/nuget/api/package-publish-resource#delete-a-package
 func DeletePackage(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageName := ctx.Params("id")
-	packageVersion := ctx.Params("version")
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("id")
+	packageVersion := ctx.PathParam("version")
 
 	err := packages_service.RemovePackageVersionByNameAndVersion(
 		ctx,
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/pub/pub.go b/routers/api/packages/pub/pub.go
index f87df52a29aa1..2be27323fd16f 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/pub/pub.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/pub/pub.go
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ func baseURL(ctx *context.Context) string {
 
 // https://github.com/dart-lang/pub/blob/master/doc/repository-spec-v2.md#list-all-versions-of-a-package
 func EnumeratePackageVersions(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageName := ctx.Params("id")
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("id")
 
 	pvs, err := packages_model.GetVersionsByPackageName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypePub, packageName)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -119,8 +119,8 @@ func EnumeratePackageVersions(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://github.com/dart-lang/pub/blob/master/doc/repository-spec-v2.md#deprecated-inspect-a-specific-version-of-a-package
 func PackageVersionMetadata(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageName := ctx.Params("id")
-	packageVersion := ctx.Params("version")
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("id")
+	packageVersion := ctx.PathParam("version")
 
 	pv, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypePub, packageName, packageVersion)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -228,8 +228,8 @@ func UploadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://github.com/dart-lang/pub/blob/master/doc/repository-spec-v2.md#publishing-packages
 func FinalizePackage(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageName := ctx.Params("id")
-	packageVersion := ctx.Params("version")
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("id")
+	packageVersion := ctx.PathParam("version")
 
 	_, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypePub, packageName, packageVersion)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -253,8 +253,8 @@ func FinalizePackage(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://github.com/dart-lang/pub/blob/master/doc/repository-spec-v2.md#deprecated-download-a-specific-version-of-a-package
 func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageName := ctx.Params("id")
-	packageVersion := strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.Params("version"), ".tar.gz")
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("id")
+	packageVersion := strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.PathParam("version"), ".tar.gz")
 
 	pv, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypePub, packageName, packageVersion)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/pypi/pypi.go b/routers/api/packages/pypi/pypi.go
index 7824db18235d9..5ea86071a9e64 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/pypi/pypi.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/pypi/pypi.go
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ func apiError(ctx *context.Context, status int, obj any) {
 
 // PackageMetadata returns the metadata for a single package
 func PackageMetadata(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageName := normalizer.Replace(ctx.Params("id"))
+	packageName := normalizer.Replace(ctx.PathParam("id"))
 
 	pvs, err := packages_model.GetVersionsByPackageName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypePyPI, packageName)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -76,9 +76,9 @@ func PackageMetadata(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // DownloadPackageFile serves the content of a package
 func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageName := normalizer.Replace(ctx.Params("id"))
-	packageVersion := ctx.Params("version")
-	filename := ctx.Params("filename")
+	packageName := normalizer.Replace(ctx.PathParam("id"))
+	packageVersion := ctx.PathParam("version")
+	filename := ctx.PathParam("filename")
 
 	s, u, pf, err := packages_service.GetFileStreamByPackageNameAndVersion(
 		ctx,
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/rpm/rpm.go b/routers/api/packages/rpm/rpm.go
index c59366992c365..11d7729eec2d6 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/rpm/rpm.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/rpm/rpm.go
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ func apiError(ctx *context.Context, status int, obj any) {
 
 // https://dnf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/conf_ref.html
 func GetRepositoryConfig(ctx *context.Context) {
-	group := ctx.Params("group")
+	group := ctx.PathParam("group")
 
 	var groupParts []string
 	if group != "" {
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func CheckRepositoryFileExistence(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	pf, err := packages_model.GetFileForVersionByName(ctx, pv.ID, ctx.Params("filename"), ctx.Params("group"))
+	pf, err := packages_model.GetFileForVersionByName(ctx, pv.ID, ctx.PathParam("filename"), ctx.PathParam("group"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
 			ctx.Status(http.StatusNotFound)
@@ -100,8 +100,8 @@ func GetRepositoryFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 		ctx,
 		pv,
 		&packages_service.PackageFileInfo{
-			Filename:     ctx.Params("filename"),
-			CompositeKey: ctx.Params("group"),
+			Filename:     ctx.PathParam("filename"),
+			CompositeKey: ctx.PathParam("group"),
 		},
 	)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ func UploadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusInternalServerError, err)
 		return
 	}
-	group := ctx.Params("group")
+	group := ctx.PathParam("group")
 	_, _, err = packages_service.CreatePackageOrAddFileToExisting(
 		ctx,
 		&packages_service.PackageCreationInfo{
@@ -202,8 +202,8 @@ func UploadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	name := ctx.Params("name")
-	version := ctx.Params("version")
+	name := ctx.PathParam("name")
+	version := ctx.PathParam("version")
 
 	s, u, pf, err := packages_service.GetFileStreamByPackageNameAndVersion(
 		ctx,
@@ -214,8 +214,8 @@ func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 			Version:     version,
 		},
 		&packages_service.PackageFileInfo{
-			Filename:     fmt.Sprintf("%s-%s.%s.rpm", name, version, ctx.Params("architecture")),
-			CompositeKey: ctx.Params("group"),
+			Filename:     fmt.Sprintf("%s-%s.%s.rpm", name, version, ctx.PathParam("architecture")),
+			CompositeKey: ctx.PathParam("group"),
 		},
 	)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -231,10 +231,10 @@ func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func DeletePackageFile(webctx *context.Context) {
-	group := webctx.Params("group")
-	name := webctx.Params("name")
-	version := webctx.Params("version")
-	architecture := webctx.Params("architecture")
+	group := webctx.PathParam("group")
+	name := webctx.PathParam("name")
+	version := webctx.PathParam("version")
+	architecture := webctx.PathParam("architecture")
 
 	var pd *packages_model.PackageDescriptor
 
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/rubygems/rubygems.go b/routers/api/packages/rubygems/rubygems.go
index 0a08378b47641..958063e70abcc 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/rubygems/rubygems.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/rubygems/rubygems.go
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ func enumeratePackages(ctx *context.Context, filename string, pvs []*packages_mo
 
 // ServePackageSpecification serves the compressed Gemspec file of a package
 func ServePackageSpecification(ctx *context.Context) {
-	filename := ctx.Params("filename")
+	filename := ctx.PathParam("filename")
 
 	if !strings.HasSuffix(filename, ".gemspec.rz") {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusNotImplemented, nil)
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ func ServePackageSpecification(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // DownloadPackageFile serves the content of a package
 func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	filename := ctx.Params("filename")
+	filename := ctx.PathParam("filename")
 
 	pvs, err := getVersionsByFilename(ctx, filename)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ func DeletePackage(ctx *context.Context) {
 // GetPackageInfo returns a custom text based format for the single rubygem with a line for each version of the rubygem
 // ref: https://guides.rubygems.org/rubygems-org-compact-index-api/
 func GetPackageInfo(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageName := ctx.Params("packagename")
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("packagename")
 	versions, err := packages_model.GetVersionsByPackageName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeRubyGems, packageName)
 	if err != nil {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusInternalServerError, err)
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/swift/swift.go b/routers/api/packages/swift/swift.go
index a9da3ea9c2d86..d5d4d4e9d134c 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/swift/swift.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/swift/swift.go
@@ -115,8 +115,8 @@ type EnumeratePackageVersionsResponse struct {
 
 // https://github.com/apple/swift-package-manager/blob/main/Documentation/Registry.md#41-list-package-releases
 func EnumeratePackageVersions(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageScope := ctx.Params("scope")
-	packageName := ctx.Params("name")
+	packageScope := ctx.PathParam("scope")
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("name")
 
 	pvs, err := packages_model.GetVersionsByPackageName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeSwift, buildPackageID(packageScope, packageName))
 	if err != nil {
@@ -172,9 +172,9 @@ type PackageVersionMetadataResponse struct {
 
 // https://github.com/apple/swift-package-manager/blob/main/Documentation/Registry.md#endpoint-2
 func PackageVersionMetadata(ctx *context.Context) {
-	id := buildPackageID(ctx.Params("scope"), ctx.Params("name"))
+	id := buildPackageID(ctx.PathParam("scope"), ctx.PathParam("name"))
 
-	pv, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeSwift, id, ctx.Params("version"))
+	pv, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeSwift, id, ctx.PathParam("version"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
 			apiError(ctx, http.StatusNotFound, err)
@@ -230,9 +230,9 @@ func PackageVersionMetadata(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://github.com/apple/swift-package-manager/blob/main/Documentation/Registry.md#43-fetch-manifest-for-a-package-release
 func DownloadManifest(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageScope := ctx.Params("scope")
-	packageName := ctx.Params("name")
-	packageVersion := ctx.Params("version")
+	packageScope := ctx.PathParam("scope")
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("name")
+	packageVersion := ctx.PathParam("version")
 
 	pv, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeSwift, buildPackageID(packageScope, packageName), packageVersion)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -282,10 +282,10 @@ func DownloadManifest(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://github.com/apple/swift-package-manager/blob/main/Documentation/Registry.md#endpoint-6
 func UploadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	packageScope := ctx.Params("scope")
-	packageName := ctx.Params("name")
+	packageScope := ctx.PathParam("scope")
+	packageName := ctx.PathParam("name")
 
-	v, err := version.NewVersion(ctx.Params("version"))
+	v, err := version.NewVersion(ctx.PathParam("version"))
 
 	if !scopePattern.MatchString(packageScope) || !namePattern.MatchString(packageName) || err != nil {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusBadRequest, err)
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ func UploadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // https://github.com/apple/swift-package-manager/blob/main/Documentation/Registry.md#endpoint-4
 func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	pv, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeSwift, buildPackageID(ctx.Params("scope"), ctx.Params("name")), ctx.Params("version"))
+	pv, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeSwift, buildPackageID(ctx.PathParam("scope"), ctx.PathParam("name")), ctx.PathParam("version"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
 			apiError(ctx, http.StatusNotFound, err)
diff --git a/routers/api/packages/vagrant/vagrant.go b/routers/api/packages/vagrant/vagrant.go
index 98a81da368ead..1daf2a0527a72 100644
--- a/routers/api/packages/vagrant/vagrant.go
+++ b/routers/api/packages/vagrant/vagrant.go
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func CheckAuthenticate(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func CheckBoxAvailable(ctx *context.Context) {
-	pvs, err := packages_model.GetVersionsByPackageName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeVagrant, ctx.Params("name"))
+	pvs, err := packages_model.GetVersionsByPackageName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeVagrant, ctx.PathParam("name"))
 	if err != nil {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusInternalServerError, err)
 		return
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ func packageDescriptorToMetadata(baseURL string, pd *packages_model.PackageDescr
 }
 
 func EnumeratePackageVersions(ctx *context.Context) {
-	pvs, err := packages_model.GetVersionsByPackageName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeVagrant, ctx.Params("name"))
+	pvs, err := packages_model.GetVersionsByPackageName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.TypeVagrant, ctx.PathParam("name"))
 	if err != nil {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusInternalServerError, err)
 		return
@@ -136,14 +136,14 @@ func EnumeratePackageVersions(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func UploadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	boxName := ctx.Params("name")
-	boxVersion := ctx.Params("version")
+	boxName := ctx.PathParam("name")
+	boxVersion := ctx.PathParam("version")
 	_, err := version.NewSemver(boxVersion)
 	if err != nil {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusBadRequest, err)
 		return
 	}
-	boxProvider := ctx.Params("provider")
+	boxProvider := ctx.PathParam("provider")
 	if !strings.HasSuffix(boxProvider, ".box") {
 		apiError(ctx, http.StatusBadRequest, err)
 		return
@@ -222,11 +222,11 @@ func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 		&packages_service.PackageInfo{
 			Owner:       ctx.Package.Owner,
 			PackageType: packages_model.TypeVagrant,
-			Name:        ctx.Params("name"),
-			Version:     ctx.Params("version"),
+			Name:        ctx.PathParam("name"),
+			Version:     ctx.PathParam("version"),
 		},
 		&packages_service.PackageFileInfo{
-			Filename: ctx.Params("provider"),
+			Filename: ctx.PathParam("provider"),
 		},
 	)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/admin/adopt.go b/routers/api/v1/admin/adopt.go
index a4708fe0326e6..613d123494223 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/admin/adopt.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/admin/adopt.go
@@ -80,8 +80,8 @@ func AdoptRepository(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 	//   "403":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/forbidden"
-	ownerName := ctx.Params(":username")
-	repoName := ctx.Params(":reponame")
+	ownerName := ctx.PathParam(":username")
+	repoName := ctx.PathParam(":reponame")
 
 	ctxUser, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ownerName)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -142,8 +142,8 @@ func DeleteUnadoptedRepository(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/empty"
 	//   "403":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/forbidden"
-	ownerName := ctx.Params(":username")
-	repoName := ctx.Params(":reponame")
+	ownerName := ctx.PathParam(":username")
+	repoName := ctx.PathParam(":reponame")
 
 	ctxUser, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ownerName)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/admin/cron.go b/routers/api/v1/admin/cron.go
index e1ca6048c930b..fba9d33f25f62 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/admin/cron.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/admin/cron.go
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ func PostCronTask(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/empty"
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
-	task := cron.GetTask(ctx.Params(":task"))
+	task := cron.GetTask(ctx.PathParam(":task"))
 	if task == nil {
 		ctx.NotFound()
 		return
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/admin/email.go b/routers/api/v1/admin/email.go
index ba963e9f69d9a..6fe418249ba17 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/admin/email.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/admin/email.go
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func GetAllEmails(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	listOptions := utils.GetListOptions(ctx)
 
 	emails, maxResults, err := user_model.SearchEmails(ctx, &user_model.SearchEmailOptions{
-		Keyword:     ctx.Params(":email"),
+		Keyword:     ctx.PathParam(":email"),
 		ListOptions: listOptions,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -82,6 +82,6 @@ func SearchEmail(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "403":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/forbidden"
 
-	ctx.SetParams(":email", ctx.FormTrim("q"))
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":email", ctx.FormTrim("q"))
 	GetAllEmails(ctx)
 }
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/admin/hooks.go b/routers/api/v1/admin/hooks.go
index 4c168b55bf183..fa60836b7e790 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/admin/hooks.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/admin/hooks.go
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ func GetHook(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "200":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/Hook"
 
-	hookID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	hookID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	hook, err := webhook.GetSystemOrDefaultWebhook(ctx, hookID)
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ func EditHook(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.EditHookOption)
 
 	// TODO in body params
-	hookID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	hookID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	utils.EditSystemHook(ctx, form, hookID)
 }
 
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ func DeleteHook(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "204":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/empty"
 
-	hookID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	hookID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	if err := webhook.DeleteDefaultSystemWebhook(ctx, hookID); err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/admin/user.go b/routers/api/v1/admin/user.go
index be907805d60f0..3e2fefc6da234 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/admin/user.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/admin/user.go
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ func DeleteUserPublicKey(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	if err := asymkey_service.DeletePublicKey(ctx, ctx.ContextUser, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")); err != nil {
+	if err := asymkey_service.DeletePublicKey(ctx, ctx.ContextUser, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")); err != nil {
 		if asymkey_model.IsErrKeyNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
 		} else if asymkey_model.IsErrKeyAccessDenied(err) {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/api.go b/routers/api/v1/api.go
index 5363489939083..be67ec1695b3b 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/api.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/api.go
@@ -136,8 +136,8 @@ func sudo() func(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 
 func repoAssignment() func(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	return func(ctx *context.APIContext) {
-		userName := ctx.Params("username")
-		repoName := ctx.Params("reponame")
+		userName := ctx.PathParam("username")
+		repoName := ctx.PathParam("reponame")
 
 		var (
 			owner *user_model.User
@@ -555,12 +555,12 @@ func orgAssignment(args ...bool) func(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 
 		var err error
 		if assignOrg {
-			ctx.Org.Organization, err = organization.GetOrgByName(ctx, ctx.Params(":org"))
+			ctx.Org.Organization, err = organization.GetOrgByName(ctx, ctx.PathParam(":org"))
 			if err != nil {
 				if organization.IsErrOrgNotExist(err) {
-					redirectUserID, err := user_model.LookupUserRedirect(ctx, ctx.Params(":org"))
+					redirectUserID, err := user_model.LookupUserRedirect(ctx, ctx.PathParam(":org"))
 					if err == nil {
-						context.RedirectToUser(ctx.Base, ctx.Params(":org"), redirectUserID)
+						context.RedirectToUser(ctx.Base, ctx.PathParam(":org"), redirectUserID)
 					} else if user_model.IsErrUserRedirectNotExist(err) {
 						ctx.NotFound("GetOrgByName", err)
 					} else {
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ func orgAssignment(args ...bool) func(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		}
 
 		if assignTeam {
-			ctx.Org.Team, err = organization.GetTeamByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":teamid"))
+			ctx.Org.Team, err = organization.GetTeamByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":teamid"))
 			if err != nil {
 				if organization.IsErrTeamNotExist(err) {
 					ctx.NotFound()
@@ -812,8 +812,8 @@ func checkDeprecatedAuthMethods(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 }
 
 // Routes registers all v1 APIs routes to web application.
-func Routes() *web.Route {
-	m := web.NewRoute()
+func Routes() *web.Router {
+	m := web.NewRouter()
 
 	m.Use(securityHeaders())
 	if setting.CORSConfig.Enabled {
@@ -837,7 +837,7 @@ func Routes() *web.Route {
 	}))
 
 	addActionsRoutes := func(
-		m *web.Route,
+		m *web.Router,
 		reqChecker func(ctx *context.APIContext),
 		act actions.API,
 	) {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/misc/gitignore.go b/routers/api/v1/misc/gitignore.go
index dffd771752e16..b0bf00a921f88 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/misc/gitignore.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/misc/gitignore.go
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func GetGitignoreTemplateInfo(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/GitignoreTemplateInfo"
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
-	name := util.PathJoinRelX(ctx.Params("name"))
+	name := util.PathJoinRelX(ctx.PathParam("name"))
 
 	text, err := options.Gitignore(name)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/misc/label_templates.go b/routers/api/v1/misc/label_templates.go
index cc11f376262c5..f105b4c684553 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/misc/label_templates.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/misc/label_templates.go
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ func GetLabelTemplate(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/LabelTemplateInfo"
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
-	name := util.PathJoinRelX(ctx.Params("name"))
+	name := util.PathJoinRelX(ctx.PathParam("name"))
 
 	labels, err := repo_module.LoadTemplateLabelsByDisplayName(name)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/misc/licenses.go b/routers/api/v1/misc/licenses.go
index 2a980f5084d36..d99b276232d41 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/misc/licenses.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/misc/licenses.go
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func GetLicenseTemplateInfo(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/LicenseTemplateInfo"
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
-	name := util.PathJoinRelX(ctx.Params("name"))
+	name := util.PathJoinRelX(ctx.PathParam("name"))
 
 	text, err := options.License(name)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/notify/threads.go b/routers/api/v1/notify/threads.go
index 8e12d359cb315..0761e684a3f9c 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/notify/threads.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/notify/threads.go
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ func ReadThread(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 }
 
 func getThread(ctx *context.APIContext) *activities_model.Notification {
-	n, err := activities_model.GetNotificationByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	n, err := activities_model.GetNotificationByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if db.IsErrNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusNotFound, "GetNotificationByID", err)
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/org/action.go b/routers/api/v1/org/action.go
index 03a1fa8ccc368..199ee7d7773b9 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/org/action.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/org/action.go
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ func (Action) CreateOrUpdateSecret(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 
 	opt := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.CreateOrUpdateSecretOption)
 
-	_, created, err := secret_service.CreateOrUpdateSecret(ctx, ctx.Org.Organization.ID, 0, ctx.Params("secretname"), opt.Data)
+	_, created, err := secret_service.CreateOrUpdateSecret(ctx, ctx.Org.Organization.ID, 0, ctx.PathParam("secretname"), opt.Data)
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrInvalidArgument) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, "CreateOrUpdateSecret", err)
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ func (Action) DeleteSecret(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	err := secret_service.DeleteSecretByName(ctx, ctx.Org.Organization.ID, 0, ctx.Params("secretname"))
+	err := secret_service.DeleteSecretByName(ctx, ctx.Org.Organization.ID, 0, ctx.PathParam("secretname"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrInvalidArgument) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, "DeleteSecret", err)
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ func (Action) GetVariable(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 
 	v, err := actions_service.GetVariable(ctx, actions_model.FindVariablesOpts{
 		OwnerID: ctx.Org.Organization.ID,
-		Name:    ctx.Params("variablename"),
+		Name:    ctx.PathParam("variablename"),
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ func (Action) DeleteVariable(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	if err := actions_service.DeleteVariableByName(ctx, ctx.Org.Organization.ID, 0, ctx.Params("variablename")); err != nil {
+	if err := actions_service.DeleteVariableByName(ctx, ctx.Org.Organization.ID, 0, ctx.PathParam("variablename")); err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrInvalidArgument) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, "DeleteVariableByName", err)
 		} else if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ func (Action) CreateVariable(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	opt := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.CreateVariableOption)
 
 	ownerID := ctx.Org.Organization.ID
-	variableName := ctx.Params("variablename")
+	variableName := ctx.PathParam("variablename")
 
 	v, err := actions_service.GetVariable(ctx, actions_model.FindVariablesOpts{
 		OwnerID: ownerID,
@@ -436,7 +436,7 @@ func (Action) UpdateVariable(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 
 	v, err := actions_service.GetVariable(ctx, actions_model.FindVariablesOpts{
 		OwnerID: ctx.Org.Organization.ID,
-		Name:    ctx.Params("variablename"),
+		Name:    ctx.PathParam("variablename"),
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ func (Action) UpdateVariable(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	}
 
 	if opt.Name == "" {
-		opt.Name = ctx.Params("variablename")
+		opt.Name = ctx.PathParam("variablename")
 	}
 	if _, err := actions_service.UpdateVariable(ctx, v.ID, opt.Name, opt.Value); err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrInvalidArgument) {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/org/hook.go b/routers/api/v1/org/hook.go
index c1dc0519ea1eb..df82f4e5a2b38 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/org/hook.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/org/hook.go
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func GetHook(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	hook, err := utils.GetOwnerHook(ctx, ctx.ContextUser.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64("id"))
+	hook, err := utils.GetOwnerHook(ctx, ctx.ContextUser.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64("id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ func EditHook(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		ctx,
 		ctx.ContextUser,
 		web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.EditHookOption),
-		ctx.ParamsInt64("id"),
+		ctx.PathParamInt64("id"),
 	)
 }
 
@@ -184,6 +184,6 @@ func DeleteHook(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	utils.DeleteOwnerHook(
 		ctx,
 		ctx.ContextUser,
-		ctx.ParamsInt64("id"),
+		ctx.PathParamInt64("id"),
 	)
 }
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/org/label.go b/routers/api/v1/org/label.go
index b5ec54ccf4e2c..24ee4ed642302 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/org/label.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/org/label.go
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ func GetLabel(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		label *issues_model.Label
 		err   error
 	)
-	strID := ctx.Params(":id")
+	strID := ctx.PathParam(":id")
 	if intID, err2 := strconv.ParseInt(strID, 10, 64); err2 != nil {
 		label, err = issues_model.GetLabelInOrgByName(ctx, ctx.Org.Organization.ID, strID)
 	} else {
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ func EditLabel(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "422":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/validationError"
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.EditLabelOption)
-	l, err := issues_model.GetLabelInOrgByID(ctx, ctx.Org.Organization.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	l, err := issues_model.GetLabelInOrgByID(ctx, ctx.Org.Organization.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrOrgLabelNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ func DeleteLabel(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	if err := issues_model.DeleteLabel(ctx, ctx.Org.Organization.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")); err != nil {
+	if err := issues_model.DeleteLabel(ctx, ctx.Org.Organization.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")); err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "DeleteLabel", err)
 		return
 	}
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/org/team.go b/routers/api/v1/org/team.go
index 015af774e34e9..c55837ff44fd4 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/org/team.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/org/team.go
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ func GetTeamMember(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	if ctx.Written() {
 		return
 	}
-	teamID := ctx.ParamsInt64("teamid")
+	teamID := ctx.PathParamInt64("teamid")
 	isTeamMember, err := organization.IsUserInTeams(ctx, u.ID, []int64{teamID})
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "IsUserInTeams", err)
@@ -645,7 +645,7 @@ func GetTeamRepo(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 
 // getRepositoryByParams get repository by a team's organization ID and repo name
 func getRepositoryByParams(ctx *context.APIContext) *repo_model.Repository {
-	repo, err := repo_model.GetRepositoryByName(ctx, ctx.Org.Team.OrgID, ctx.Params(":reponame"))
+	repo, err := repo_model.GetRepositoryByName(ctx, ctx.Org.Team.OrgID, ctx.PathParam(":reponame"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if repo_model.IsErrRepoNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/action.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/action.go
index f6656d89c634f..48ba35ac21175 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/action.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/action.go
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ func (Action) CreateOrUpdateSecret(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 
 	opt := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.CreateOrUpdateSecretOption)
 
-	_, created, err := secret_service.CreateOrUpdateSecret(ctx, owner.ID, repo.ID, ctx.Params("secretname"), opt.Data)
+	_, created, err := secret_service.CreateOrUpdateSecret(ctx, owner.ID, repo.ID, ctx.PathParam("secretname"), opt.Data)
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrInvalidArgument) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, "CreateOrUpdateSecret", err)
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ func (Action) DeleteSecret(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	owner := ctx.Repo.Owner
 	repo := ctx.Repo.Repository
 
-	err := secret_service.DeleteSecretByName(ctx, owner.ID, repo.ID, ctx.Params("secretname"))
+	err := secret_service.DeleteSecretByName(ctx, owner.ID, repo.ID, ctx.PathParam("secretname"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrInvalidArgument) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, "DeleteSecret", err)
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ func (Action) GetVariable(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 	v, err := actions_service.GetVariable(ctx, actions_model.FindVariablesOpts{
 		RepoID: ctx.Repo.Repository.ID,
-		Name:   ctx.Params("variablename"),
+		Name:   ctx.PathParam("variablename"),
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ func (Action) DeleteVariable(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	if err := actions_service.DeleteVariableByName(ctx, 0, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.Params("variablename")); err != nil {
+	if err := actions_service.DeleteVariableByName(ctx, 0, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParam("variablename")); err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrInvalidArgument) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, "DeleteVariableByName", err)
 		} else if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ func (Action) CreateVariable(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	opt := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.CreateVariableOption)
 
 	repoID := ctx.Repo.Repository.ID
-	variableName := ctx.Params("variablename")
+	variableName := ctx.PathParam("variablename")
 
 	v, err := actions_service.GetVariable(ctx, actions_model.FindVariablesOpts{
 		RepoID: repoID,
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ func (Action) UpdateVariable(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 
 	v, err := actions_service.GetVariable(ctx, actions_model.FindVariablesOpts{
 		RepoID: ctx.Repo.Repository.ID,
-		Name:   ctx.Params("variablename"),
+		Name:   ctx.PathParam("variablename"),
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ func (Action) UpdateVariable(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	}
 
 	if opt.Name == "" {
-		opt.Name = ctx.Params("variablename")
+		opt.Name = ctx.PathParam("variablename")
 	}
 	if _, err := actions_service.UpdateVariable(ctx, v.ID, opt.Name, opt.Value); err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrInvalidArgument) {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/blob.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/blob.go
index 3b116666ead78..f38086954b710 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/blob.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/blob.go
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func GetBlob(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	sha := ctx.Params("sha")
+	sha := ctx.PathParam("sha")
 	if len(sha) == 0 {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, "", "sha not provided")
 		return
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/branch.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/branch.go
index baab486e522fc..652fcd94419a2 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/branch.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/branch.go
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func GetBranch(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	branchName := ctx.Params("*")
+	branchName := ctx.PathParam("*")
 
 	branch, err := ctx.Repo.GitRepo.GetBranch(branchName)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ func DeleteBranch(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	branchName := ctx.Params("*")
+	branchName := ctx.PathParam("*")
 
 	if ctx.Repo.Repository.IsEmpty {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusForbidden, "", "Git Repository is empty.")
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ func GetBranchProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
 	repo := ctx.Repo.Repository
-	bpName := ctx.Params(":name")
+	bpName := ctx.PathParam(":name")
 	bp, err := git_model.GetProtectedBranchRuleByName(ctx, repo.ID, bpName)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetProtectedBranchByID", err)
@@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ func EditBranchProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/repoArchivedError"
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.EditBranchProtectionOption)
 	repo := ctx.Repo.Repository
-	bpName := ctx.Params(":name")
+	bpName := ctx.PathParam(":name")
 	protectBranch, err := git_model.GetProtectedBranchRuleByName(ctx, repo.ID, bpName)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetProtectedBranchByID", err)
@@ -992,7 +992,7 @@ func DeleteBranchProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
 	repo := ctx.Repo.Repository
-	bpName := ctx.Params(":name")
+	bpName := ctx.PathParam(":name")
 	bp, err := git_model.GetProtectedBranchRuleByName(ctx, repo.ID, bpName)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetProtectedBranchByID", err)
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/collaborators.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/collaborators.go
index 4ce14f7d01837..39c9ba527dfae 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/collaborators.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/collaborators.go
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ func IsCollaborator(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "422":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/validationError"
 
-	user, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.Params(":collaborator"))
+	user, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.PathParam(":collaborator"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if user_model.IsErrUserNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, "", err)
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ func AddCollaborator(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.AddCollaboratorOption)
 
-	collaborator, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.Params(":collaborator"))
+	collaborator, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.PathParam(":collaborator"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if user_model.IsErrUserNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, "", err)
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ func DeleteCollaborator(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "422":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/validationError"
 
-	collaborator, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.Params(":collaborator"))
+	collaborator, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.PathParam(":collaborator"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if user_model.IsErrUserNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, "", err)
@@ -275,12 +275,12 @@ func GetRepoPermissions(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "403":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/forbidden"
 
-	if !ctx.Doer.IsAdmin && ctx.Doer.LoginName != ctx.Params(":collaborator") && !ctx.IsUserRepoAdmin() {
+	if !ctx.Doer.IsAdmin && ctx.Doer.LoginName != ctx.PathParam(":collaborator") && !ctx.IsUserRepoAdmin() {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusForbidden, "User", "Only admins can query all permissions, repo admins can query all repo permissions, collaborators can query only their own")
 		return
 	}
 
-	collaborator, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.Params(":collaborator"))
+	collaborator, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.PathParam(":collaborator"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if user_model.IsErrUserNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusNotFound, "GetUserByName", err)
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/commits.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/commits.go
index d06a3b4e49a50..d33be9d80a807 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/commits.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/commits.go
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ func GetSingleCommit(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	sha := ctx.Params(":sha")
+	sha := ctx.PathParam(":sha")
 	if !git.IsValidRefPattern(sha) {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, "no valid ref or sha", fmt.Sprintf("no valid ref or sha: %s", sha))
 		return
@@ -312,8 +312,8 @@ func DownloadCommitDiffOrPatch(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/string"
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
-	sha := ctx.Params(":sha")
-	diffType := git.RawDiffType(ctx.Params(":diffType"))
+	sha := ctx.PathParam(":sha")
+	diffType := git.RawDiffType(ctx.PathParam(":diffType"))
 
 	if err := git.GetRawDiff(ctx.Repo.GitRepo, sha, diffType, ctx.Resp); err != nil {
 		if git.IsErrNotExist(err) {
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ func GetCommitPullRequest(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByMergedCommit(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.Params(":sha"))
+	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByMergedCommit(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParam(":sha"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrPullRequestNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusNotFound, "GetPullRequestByMergedCommit", err)
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/compare.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/compare.go
index 429145c714800..38e5330b3acb8 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/compare.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/compare.go
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ func CompareDiff(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		defer gitRepo.Close()
 	}
 
-	infoPath := ctx.Params("*")
+	infoPath := ctx.PathParam("*")
 	infos := []string{ctx.Repo.Repository.DefaultBranch, ctx.Repo.Repository.DefaultBranch}
 	if infoPath != "" {
 		infos = strings.SplitN(infoPath, "...", 2)
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/file.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/file.go
index 6ecdc1ff67846..42483291fcb33 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/file.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/file.go
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ func GetArchive(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 }
 
 func archiveDownload(ctx *context.APIContext) {
-	uri := ctx.Params("*")
+	uri := ctx.PathParam("*")
 	aReq, err := archiver_service.NewRequest(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.Repo.GitRepo, uri)
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, archiver_service.ErrUnknownArchiveFormat{}) {
@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@ func GetEditorconfig(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	fileName := ctx.Params("filename")
+	fileName := ctx.PathParam("filename")
 	def, err := ec.GetDefinitionForFilename(fileName)
 	if def == nil {
 		ctx.NotFound(err)
@@ -577,7 +577,7 @@ func CreateFile(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		Files: []*files_service.ChangeRepoFile{
 			{
 				Operation:     "create",
-				TreePath:      ctx.Params("*"),
+				TreePath:      ctx.PathParam("*"),
 				ContentReader: contentReader,
 			},
 		},
@@ -681,7 +681,7 @@ func UpdateFile(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 				ContentReader: contentReader,
 				SHA:           apiOpts.SHA,
 				FromTreePath:  apiOpts.FromPath,
-				TreePath:      ctx.Params("*"),
+				TreePath:      ctx.PathParam("*"),
 			},
 		},
 		Message:   apiOpts.Message,
@@ -840,7 +840,7 @@ func DeleteFile(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 			{
 				Operation: "delete",
 				SHA:       apiOpts.SHA,
-				TreePath:  ctx.Params("*"),
+				TreePath:  ctx.PathParam("*"),
 			},
 		},
 		Message:   apiOpts.Message,
@@ -935,7 +935,7 @@ func GetContents(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	treePath := ctx.Params("*")
+	treePath := ctx.PathParam("*")
 	ref := ctx.FormTrim("ref")
 
 	if fileList, err := files_service.GetContentsOrList(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository, treePath, ref); err != nil {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/git_hook.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/git_hook.go
index 26ae84d08d339..0887a90096f5a 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/git_hook.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/git_hook.go
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ func GetGitHook(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	hookID := ctx.Params(":id")
+	hookID := ctx.PathParam(":id")
 	hook, err := ctx.Repo.GitRepo.GetHook(hookID)
 	if err != nil {
 		if err == git.ErrNotValidHook {
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ func EditGitHook(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.EditGitHookOption)
-	hookID := ctx.Params(":id")
+	hookID := ctx.PathParam(":id")
 	hook, err := ctx.Repo.GitRepo.GetHook(hookID)
 	if err != nil {
 		if err == git.ErrNotValidHook {
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ func DeleteGitHook(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	hookID := ctx.Params(":id")
+	hookID := ctx.PathParam(":id")
 	hook, err := ctx.Repo.GitRepo.GetHook(hookID)
 	if err != nil {
 		if err == git.ErrNotValidHook {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/git_ref.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/git_ref.go
index 0fa58425b8526..1743c0fc20d1d 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/git_ref.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/git_ref.go
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func GetGitRefs(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	getGitRefsInternal(ctx, ctx.Params("*"))
+	getGitRefsInternal(ctx, ctx.PathParam("*"))
 }
 
 func getGitRefsInternal(ctx *context.APIContext, filter string) {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/hook.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/hook.go
index ffd2313591b10..9ef57da1b98fd 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/hook.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/hook.go
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ func GetHook(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
 	repo := ctx.Repo
-	hookID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	hookID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	hook, err := utils.GetRepoHook(ctx, repo.Repository.ID, hookID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ func TestHook(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		ref = r
 	}
 
-	hookID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	hookID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	hook, err := utils.GetRepoHook(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, hookID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ func EditHook(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.EditHookOption)
-	hookID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	hookID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	utils.EditRepoHook(ctx, form, hookID)
 }
 
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ func DeleteHook(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/empty"
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
-	if err := webhook.DeleteWebhookByRepoID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")); err != nil {
+	if err := webhook.DeleteWebhookByRepoID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")); err != nil {
 		if webhook.IsErrWebhookNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
 		} else {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/hook_test.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/hook_test.go
index 37cf61c1edf2d..c2f3a972ef6fc 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/hook_test.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/hook_test.go
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ func TestTestHook(t *testing.T) {
 	unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockAPIContext(t, "user2/repo1/wiki/_pages")
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 	contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue.go
index ddfc36f17dffb..108504ebb4021 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue.go
@@ -599,7 +599,7 @@ func GetIssue(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueWithAttrsByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueWithAttrsByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -779,7 +779,7 @@ func EditIssue(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/error"
 
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.EditIssueOption)
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -942,7 +942,7 @@ func DeleteIssue(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/forbidden"
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound(err)
@@ -998,7 +998,7 @@ func UpdateIssueDeadline(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.EditDeadlineOption)
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_attachment.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_attachment.go
index ef846a43a346e..27c7af22823a7 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_attachment.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_attachment.go
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ func DeleteIssueAttachment(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 }
 
 func getIssueFromContext(ctx *context.APIContext) *issues_model.Issue {
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64("index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64("index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetIssueByIndex", issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist, err)
 		return nil
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ func getIssueAttachmentSafeWrite(ctx *context.APIContext) *repo_model.Attachment
 }
 
 func getIssueAttachmentSafeRead(ctx *context.APIContext, issue *issues_model.Issue) *repo_model.Attachment {
-	attachment, err := repo_model.GetAttachmentByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64("attachment_id"))
+	attachment, err := repo_model.GetAttachmentByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64("attachment_id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetAttachmentByID", repo_model.IsErrAttachmentNotExist, err)
 		return nil
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_comment.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_comment.go
index 910cc1ce7456b..f9b5aa816bc96 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_comment.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_comment.go
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ func ListIssueComments(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, "GetQueryBeforeSince", err)
 		return
 	}
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetRawIssueByIndex", err)
 		return
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ func ListIssueCommentsAndTimeline(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, "GetQueryBeforeSince", err)
 		return
 	}
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetRawIssueByIndex", err)
 		return
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ func CreateIssueComment(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/repoArchivedError"
 
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.CreateIssueCommentOption)
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetIssueByIndex", err)
 		return
@@ -445,7 +445,7 @@ func GetIssueComment(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrCommentNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound(err)
@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ func EditIssueCommentDeprecated(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 }
 
 func editIssueComment(ctx *context.APIContext, form api.EditIssueCommentOption) {
-	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrCommentNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound(err)
@@ -696,7 +696,7 @@ func DeleteIssueCommentDeprecated(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 }
 
 func deleteIssueComment(ctx *context.APIContext) {
-	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrCommentNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound(err)
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_comment_attachment.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_comment_attachment.go
index 1ec758ec2ce8f..0863ebd182c8b 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_comment_attachment.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_comment_attachment.go
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ func DeleteIssueCommentAttachment(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 }
 
 func getIssueCommentSafe(ctx *context.APIContext) *issues_model.Comment {
-	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64("id"))
+	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64("id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetCommentByID", issues_model.IsErrCommentNotExist, err)
 		return nil
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ func canUserWriteIssueCommentAttachment(ctx *context.APIContext, comment *issues
 }
 
 func getIssueCommentAttachmentSafeRead(ctx *context.APIContext, comment *issues_model.Comment) *repo_model.Attachment {
-	attachment, err := repo_model.GetAttachmentByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64("attachment_id"))
+	attachment, err := repo_model.GetAttachmentByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64("attachment_id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetAttachmentByID", repo_model.IsErrAttachmentNotExist, err)
 		return nil
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_dependency.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_dependency.go
index c40e92c01bb72..712c71a6823ba 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_dependency.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_dependency.go
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ func GetIssueDependencies(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("IsErrIssueNotExist", err)
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ func RemoveIssueBlocking(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 }
 
 func getParamsIssue(ctx *context.APIContext) *issues_model.Issue {
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("IsErrIssueNotExist", err)
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_label.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_label.go
index 413693c5ede9e..2f5ea8931b148 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_label.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_label.go
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func ListIssueLabels(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ func DeleteIssueLabel(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "422":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/validationError"
 
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ func DeleteIssueLabel(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	label, err := issues_model.GetLabelByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	label, err := issues_model.GetLabelByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrLabelNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, "", err)
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ func ClearIssueLabels(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ func ClearIssueLabels(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 }
 
 func prepareForReplaceOrAdd(ctx *context.APIContext, form api.IssueLabelsOption) (*issues_model.Issue, []*issues_model.Label, error) {
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_pin.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_pin.go
index af3e06332ade1..0ef9033291591 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_pin.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_pin.go
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func PinIssue(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/forbidden"
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ func UnpinIssue(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/forbidden"
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ func MoveIssuePin(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/forbidden"
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ func MoveIssuePin(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	err = issue.MovePin(ctx, int(ctx.ParamsInt64(":position")))
+	err = issue.MovePin(ctx, int(ctx.PathParamInt64(":position")))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "MovePin", err)
 		return
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_reaction.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_reaction.go
index 3ff3d19f13efc..8d43cd518bcc3 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_reaction.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_reaction.go
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ func GetIssueCommentReactions(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrCommentNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound(err)
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ func DeleteIssueCommentReaction(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 }
 
 func changeIssueCommentReaction(ctx *context.APIContext, form api.EditReactionOption, isCreateType bool) {
-	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrCommentNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound(err)
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ func GetIssueReactions(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueWithAttrsByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueWithAttrsByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ func DeleteIssueReaction(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 }
 
 func changeIssueReaction(ctx *context.APIContext, form api.EditReactionOption, isCreateType bool) {
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueWithAttrsByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueWithAttrsByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_stopwatch.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_stopwatch.go
index d9054e8f77573..4605ae211030b 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_stopwatch.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_stopwatch.go
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ func DeleteIssueStopwatch(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 }
 
 func prepareIssueStopwatch(ctx *context.APIContext, shouldExist bool) (*issues_model.Issue, error) {
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_subscription.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_subscription.go
index a535172462e19..e51baad0b6c5a 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_subscription.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_subscription.go
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ func DelIssueSubscription(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 }
 
 func setIssueSubscription(ctx *context.APIContext, watch bool) {
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ func setIssueSubscription(ctx *context.APIContext, watch bool) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	user, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.Params(":user"))
+	user, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.PathParam(":user"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if user_model.IsErrUserNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ func CheckIssueSubscription(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ func GetIssueSubscribers(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_tracked_time.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_tracked_time.go
index f83855efac111..8d5e9fdad4113 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_tracked_time.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/issue_tracked_time.go
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ func ListTrackedTimes(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		ctx.NotFound("Timetracker is disabled")
 		return
 	}
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound(err)
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ func AddTime(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.AddTimeOption)
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound(err)
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ func ResetIssueTime(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound(err)
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ func DeleteTime(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound(err)
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ func DeleteTime(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	time, err := issues_model.GetTrackedTimeByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	time, err := issues_model.GetTrackedTimeByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if db.IsErrNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound(err)
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ func ListTrackedTimesByUser(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, "", "time tracking disabled")
 		return
 	}
-	user, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.Params(":timetrackingusername"))
+	user, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.PathParam(":timetrackingusername"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if user_model.IsErrUserNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound(err)
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/key.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/key.go
index 88444a26250c0..e5115980eb0a9 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/key.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/key.go
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ func GetDeployKey(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	key, err := asymkey_model.GetDeployKeyByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	key, err := asymkey_model.GetDeployKeyByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if asymkey_model.IsErrDeployKeyNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ func DeleteDeploykey(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	if err := asymkey_service.DeleteDeployKey(ctx, ctx.Doer, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")); err != nil {
+	if err := asymkey_service.DeleteDeployKey(ctx, ctx.Doer, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")); err != nil {
 		if asymkey_model.IsErrKeyAccessDenied(err) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusForbidden, "", "You do not have access to this key")
 		} else {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/label.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/label.go
index b6eb51fd20a84..c2c43db6a4a04 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/label.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/label.go
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ func GetLabel(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		l   *issues_model.Label
 		err error
 	)
-	strID := ctx.Params(":id")
+	strID := ctx.PathParam(":id")
 	if intID, err2 := strconv.ParseInt(strID, 10, 64); err2 != nil {
 		l, err = issues_model.GetLabelInRepoByName(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, strID)
 	} else {
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ func EditLabel(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/validationError"
 
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.EditLabelOption)
-	l, err := issues_model.GetLabelInRepoByID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	l, err := issues_model.GetLabelInRepoByID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrRepoLabelNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ func DeleteLabel(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	if err := issues_model.DeleteLabel(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")); err != nil {
+	if err := issues_model.DeleteLabel(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")); err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "DeleteLabel", err)
 		return
 	}
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/milestone.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/milestone.go
index b9534016e4b87..abe9e4006a8e4 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/milestone.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/milestone.go
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ func DeleteMilestone(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 
 // getMilestoneByIDOrName get milestone by ID and if not available by name
 func getMilestoneByIDOrName(ctx *context.APIContext) *issues_model.Milestone {
-	mile := ctx.Params(":id")
+	mile := ctx.PathParam(":id")
 	mileID, _ := strconv.ParseInt(mile, 0, 64)
 
 	if mileID != 0 {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/mirror.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/mirror.go
index eddd449206a75..310b82881eac0 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/mirror.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/mirror.go
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ func GetPushMirrorByName(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	mirrorName := ctx.Params(":name")
+	mirrorName := ctx.PathParam(":name")
 	// Get push mirror of a specific repo by remoteName
 	pushMirror, exist, err := db.Get[repo_model.PushMirror](ctx, repo_model.PushMirrorOptions{
 		RepoID:     ctx.Repo.Repository.ID,
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ func DeletePushMirrorByRemoteName(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	remoteName := ctx.Params(":name")
+	remoteName := ctx.PathParam(":name")
 	// Delete push mirror on repo by name.
 	err := repo_model.DeletePushMirrors(ctx, repo_model.PushMirrorOptions{RepoID: ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, RemoteName: remoteName})
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/notes.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/notes.go
index a4a1d4eab7c8d..8689d25e157a2 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/notes.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/notes.go
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ func GetNote(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	sha := ctx.Params(":sha")
+	sha := ctx.PathParam(":sha")
 	if !git.IsValidRefPattern(sha) {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, "no valid ref or sha", fmt.Sprintf("no valid ref or sha: %s", sha))
 		return
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/pull.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/pull.go
index 1fc94708daf1b..ebe876da64609 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/pull.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/pull.go
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ func GetPullRequest(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrPullRequestNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ func GetPullRequestByBaseHead(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 
 	var headRepoID int64
 	var headBranch string
-	head := ctx.Params("*")
+	head := ctx.PathParam("*")
 	if strings.Contains(head, ":") {
 		split := strings.SplitN(head, ":", 2)
 		headBranch = split[1]
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ func GetPullRequestByBaseHead(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		headBranch = head
 	}
 
-	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByBaseHeadInfo(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, headRepoID, ctx.Params(":base"), headBranch)
+	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByBaseHeadInfo(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, headRepoID, ctx.PathParam(":base"), headBranch)
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrPullRequestNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ func DownloadPullDiffOrPatch(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/string"
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
-	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrPullRequestNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ func DownloadPullDiffOrPatch(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		return
 	}
 	var patch bool
-	if ctx.Params(":diffType") == "diff" {
+	if ctx.PathParam(":diffType") == "diff" {
 		patch = false
 	} else {
 		patch = true
@@ -590,7 +590,7 @@ func EditPullRequest(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/validationError"
 
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.EditPullRequestOption)
-	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrPullRequestNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -804,7 +804,7 @@ func IsPullRequestMerged(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     description: pull request has not been merged
 
-	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrPullRequestNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -862,7 +862,7 @@ func MergePullRequest(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*forms.MergePullRequestForm)
 
-	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrPullRequestNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("GetPullRequestByIndex", err)
@@ -1221,7 +1221,7 @@ func UpdatePullRequest(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "422":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/validationError"
 
-	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrPullRequestNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -1320,7 +1320,7 @@ func CancelScheduledAutoMerge(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "423":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/repoArchivedError"
 
-	pullIndex := ctx.ParamsInt64(":index")
+	pullIndex := ctx.PathParamInt64(":index")
 	pull, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, pullIndex)
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrPullRequestNotExist(err) {
@@ -1406,7 +1406,7 @@ func GetPullRequestCommits(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrPullRequestNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -1529,7 +1529,7 @@ func GetPullRequestFiles(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrPullRequestNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/pull_review.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/pull_review.go
index 4b481790fb1a8..c2e4966498315 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/pull_review.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/pull_review.go
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ func ListPullReviews(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrPullRequestNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("GetPullRequestByIndex", err)
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ func CreatePullReview(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/validationError"
 
 	opts := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.CreatePullReviewOptions)
-	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrPullRequestNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("GetPullRequestByIndex", err)
@@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ func preparePullReviewType(ctx *context.APIContext, pr *issues_model.PullRequest
 
 // prepareSingleReview return review, related pull and false or nil, nil and true if an error happen
 func prepareSingleReview(ctx *context.APIContext) (*issues_model.Review, *issues_model.PullRequest, bool) {
-	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrPullRequestNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("GetPullRequestByIndex", err)
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ func prepareSingleReview(ctx *context.APIContext) (*issues_model.Review, *issues
 		return nil, nil, true
 	}
 
-	review, err := issues_model.GetReviewByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	review, err := issues_model.GetReviewByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrReviewNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("GetReviewByID", err)
@@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ func DeleteReviewRequests(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 }
 
 func apiReviewRequest(ctx *context.APIContext, opts api.PullReviewRequestOptions, isAdd bool) {
-	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrPullRequestNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("GetPullRequestByIndex", err)
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/release.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/release.go
index f92fb86f5cb0b..ef587f6274b91 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/release.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/release.go
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ func GetRelease(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	id := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	id := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	release, err := repo_model.GetReleaseForRepoByID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, id)
 	if err != nil && !repo_model.IsErrReleaseNotExist(err) {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetReleaseForRepoByID", err)
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ func EditRelease(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.EditReleaseOption)
-	id := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	id := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	rel, err := repo_model.GetReleaseForRepoByID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, id)
 	if err != nil && !repo_model.IsErrReleaseNotExist(err) {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetReleaseForRepoByID", err)
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ func DeleteRelease(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "422":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/validationError"
 
-	id := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	id := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	rel, err := repo_model.GetReleaseForRepoByID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, id)
 	if err != nil && !repo_model.IsErrReleaseNotExist(err) {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetReleaseForRepoByID", err)
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/release_attachment.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/release_attachment.go
index 59fd83e3a2793..4a2371e012aa9 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/release_attachment.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/release_attachment.go
@@ -72,12 +72,12 @@ func GetReleaseAttachment(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	releaseID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	releaseID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	if !checkReleaseMatchRepo(ctx, releaseID) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	attachID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":attachment_id")
+	attachID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":attachment_id")
 	attach, err := repo_model.GetAttachmentByID(ctx, attachID)
 	if err != nil {
 		if repo_model.IsErrAttachmentNotExist(err) {
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ func ListReleaseAttachments(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	releaseID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	releaseID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	release, err := repo_model.GetReleaseByID(ctx, releaseID)
 	if err != nil {
 		if repo_model.IsErrReleaseNotExist(err) {
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ func CreateReleaseAttachment(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	}
 
 	// Check if release exists an load release
-	releaseID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	releaseID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	if !checkReleaseMatchRepo(ctx, releaseID) {
 		return
 	}
@@ -297,12 +297,12 @@ func EditReleaseAttachment(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.EditAttachmentOptions)
 
 	// Check if release exists an load release
-	releaseID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	releaseID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	if !checkReleaseMatchRepo(ctx, releaseID) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	attachID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":attachment_id")
+	attachID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":attachment_id")
 	attach, err := repo_model.GetAttachmentByID(ctx, attachID)
 	if err != nil {
 		if repo_model.IsErrAttachmentNotExist(err) {
@@ -365,12 +365,12 @@ func DeleteReleaseAttachment(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
 	// Check if release exists an load release
-	releaseID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	releaseID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	if !checkReleaseMatchRepo(ctx, releaseID) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	attachID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":attachment_id")
+	attachID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":attachment_id")
 	attach, err := repo_model.GetAttachmentByID(ctx, attachID)
 	if err != nil {
 		if repo_model.IsErrAttachmentNotExist(err) {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/release_tags.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/release_tags.go
index f845fad53bdd1..6df47af8d98e5 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/release_tags.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/release_tags.go
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func GetReleaseByTag(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	tag := ctx.Params(":tag")
+	tag := ctx.PathParam(":tag")
 
 	release, err := repo_model.GetRelease(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, tag)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ func DeleteReleaseByTag(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "422":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/validationError"
 
-	tag := ctx.Params(":tag")
+	tag := ctx.PathParam(":tag")
 
 	release, err := repo_model.GetRelease(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, tag)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/repo.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/repo.go
index 4f617d27afa4a..1bcec8fcf7e72 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/repo.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/repo.go
@@ -491,7 +491,7 @@ func CreateOrgRepo(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "403":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/forbidden"
 	opt := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.CreateRepoOption)
-	org, err := organization.GetOrgByName(ctx, ctx.Params(":org"))
+	org, err := organization.GetOrgByName(ctx, ctx.PathParam(":org"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if organization.IsErrOrgNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, "", err)
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ func GetByID(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	repo, err := repo_model.GetRepositoryByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	repo, err := repo_model.GetRepositoryByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if repo_model.IsErrRepoNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/status.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/status.go
index 9e36ea0aed3bf..8c910a68f9098 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/status.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/status.go
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ func NewCommitStatus(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.CreateStatusOption)
-	sha := ctx.Params("sha")
+	sha := ctx.PathParam("sha")
 	if len(sha) == 0 {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, "sha not given", nil)
 		return
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ func GetCommitStatuses(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	getCommitStatuses(ctx, ctx.Params("sha"))
+	getCommitStatuses(ctx, ctx.PathParam("sha"))
 }
 
 // GetCommitStatusesByRef returns all statuses for any given commit ref
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ func GetCommitStatusesByRef(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	filter := utils.ResolveRefOrSha(ctx, ctx.Params("ref"))
+	filter := utils.ResolveRefOrSha(ctx, ctx.PathParam("ref"))
 	if ctx.Written() {
 		return
 	}
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ func GetCombinedCommitStatusByRef(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	sha := utils.ResolveRefOrSha(ctx, ctx.Params("ref"))
+	sha := utils.ResolveRefOrSha(ctx, ctx.PathParam("ref"))
 	if ctx.Written() {
 		return
 	}
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/tag.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/tag.go
index f72034950f2a7..a72df78666e40 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/tag.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/tag.go
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ func GetAnnotatedTag(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	sha := ctx.Params("sha")
+	sha := ctx.PathParam("sha")
 	if len(sha) == 0 {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, "", "SHA not provided")
 		return
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ func GetTag(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/Tag"
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
-	tagName := ctx.Params("*")
+	tagName := ctx.PathParam("*")
 
 	tag, err := ctx.Repo.GitRepo.GetTag(tagName)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ func DeleteTag(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/validationError"
 	//   "423":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/repoArchivedError"
-	tagName := ctx.Params("*")
+	tagName := ctx.PathParam("*")
 
 	tag, err := repo_model.GetRelease(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, tagName)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ func GetTagProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
 	repo := ctx.Repo.Repository
-	id := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	id := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	pt, err := git_model.GetProtectedTagByID(ctx, id)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetProtectedTagByID", err)
@@ -522,7 +522,7 @@ func EditTagProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	repo := ctx.Repo.Repository
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.EditTagProtectionOption)
 
-	id := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	id := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	pt, err := git_model.GetProtectedTagByID(ctx, id)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetProtectedTagByID", err)
@@ -617,7 +617,7 @@ func DeleteTagProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
 	repo := ctx.Repo.Repository
-	id := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	id := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	pt, err := git_model.GetProtectedTagByID(ctx, id)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetProtectedTagByID", err)
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/teams.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/teams.go
index 0ecf3a39d8fd6..ddd325482da35 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/teams.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/teams.go
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ func changeRepoTeam(ctx *context.APIContext, add bool) {
 }
 
 func getTeamByParam(ctx *context.APIContext) *organization.Team {
-	team, err := organization.GetTeam(ctx, ctx.Repo.Owner.ID, ctx.Params(":team"))
+	team, err := organization.GetTeam(ctx, ctx.Repo.Owner.ID, ctx.PathParam(":team"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if organization.IsErrTeamNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusNotFound, "TeamNotExit", err)
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/topic.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/topic.go
index 9852caa9896de..6b9eedf6e0ea5 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/topic.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/topic.go
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ func AddTopic(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "422":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/invalidTopicsError"
 
-	topicName := strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(ctx.Params(":topic")))
+	topicName := strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(ctx.PathParam(":topic")))
 
 	if !repo_model.ValidateTopic(topicName) {
 		ctx.JSON(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, map[string]any{
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ func DeleteTopic(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "422":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/invalidTopicsError"
 
-	topicName := strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(ctx.Params(":topic")))
+	topicName := strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(ctx.PathParam(":topic")))
 
 	if !repo_model.ValidateTopic(topicName) {
 		ctx.JSON(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, map[string]any{
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/repo/tree.go b/routers/api/v1/repo/tree.go
index 353a996d5b0d1..efb247c19e2fe 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/repo/tree.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/repo/tree.go
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func GetTree(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	sha := ctx.Params(":sha")
+	sha := ctx.PathParam(":sha")
 	if len(sha) == 0 {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, "", "sha not provided")
 		return
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/shared/block.go b/routers/api/v1/shared/block.go
index a1e65625ed35e..490a48f81c858 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/shared/block.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/shared/block.go
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func ListBlocks(ctx *context.APIContext, blocker *user_model.User) {
 }
 
 func CheckUserBlock(ctx *context.APIContext, blocker *user_model.User) {
-	blockee, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.Params("username"))
+	blockee, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.PathParam("username"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFound("GetUserByName", err)
 		return
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ func CheckUserBlock(ctx *context.APIContext, blocker *user_model.User) {
 }
 
 func BlockUser(ctx *context.APIContext, blocker *user_model.User) {
-	blockee, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.Params("username"))
+	blockee, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.PathParam("username"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFound("GetUserByName", err)
 		return
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ func BlockUser(ctx *context.APIContext, blocker *user_model.User) {
 }
 
 func UnblockUser(ctx *context.APIContext, doer, blocker *user_model.User) {
-	blockee, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.Params("username"))
+	blockee, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, ctx.PathParam("username"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFound("GetUserByName", err)
 		return
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/user/action.go b/routers/api/v1/user/action.go
index bf78c2c86493a..22707196f4cca 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/user/action.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/user/action.go
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func CreateOrUpdateSecret(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 
 	opt := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.CreateOrUpdateSecretOption)
 
-	_, created, err := secret_service.CreateOrUpdateSecret(ctx, ctx.Doer.ID, 0, ctx.Params("secretname"), opt.Data)
+	_, created, err := secret_service.CreateOrUpdateSecret(ctx, ctx.Doer.ID, 0, ctx.PathParam("secretname"), opt.Data)
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrInvalidArgument) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, "CreateOrUpdateSecret", err)
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ func DeleteSecret(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	err := secret_service.DeleteSecretByName(ctx, ctx.Doer.ID, 0, ctx.Params("secretname"))
+	err := secret_service.DeleteSecretByName(ctx, ctx.Doer.ID, 0, ctx.PathParam("secretname"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrInvalidArgument) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, "DeleteSecret", err)
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ func CreateVariable(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	opt := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.CreateVariableOption)
 
 	ownerID := ctx.Doer.ID
-	variableName := ctx.Params("variablename")
+	variableName := ctx.PathParam("variablename")
 
 	v, err := actions_service.GetVariable(ctx, actions_model.FindVariablesOpts{
 		OwnerID: ownerID,
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ func UpdateVariable(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 
 	v, err := actions_service.GetVariable(ctx, actions_model.FindVariablesOpts{
 		OwnerID: ctx.Doer.ID,
-		Name:    ctx.Params("variablename"),
+		Name:    ctx.PathParam("variablename"),
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ func UpdateVariable(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	}
 
 	if opt.Name == "" {
-		opt.Name = ctx.Params("variablename")
+		opt.Name = ctx.PathParam("variablename")
 	}
 	if _, err := actions_service.UpdateVariable(ctx, v.ID, opt.Name, opt.Value); err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrInvalidArgument) {
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ func DeleteVariable(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	if err := actions_service.DeleteVariableByName(ctx, ctx.Doer.ID, 0, ctx.Params("variablename")); err != nil {
+	if err := actions_service.DeleteVariableByName(ctx, ctx.Doer.ID, 0, ctx.PathParam("variablename")); err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrInvalidArgument) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, "DeleteVariableByName", err)
 		} else if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ func GetVariable(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 
 	v, err := actions_service.GetVariable(ctx, actions_model.FindVariablesOpts{
 		OwnerID: ctx.Doer.ID,
-		Name:    ctx.Params("variablename"),
+		Name:    ctx.PathParam("variablename"),
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/user/app.go b/routers/api/v1/user/app.go
index 88e314ed31ba7..60354b1f26ec7 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/user/app.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/user/app.go
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ func DeleteAccessToken(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "422":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/error"
 
-	token := ctx.Params(":id")
+	token := ctx.PathParam(":id")
 	tokenID, _ := strconv.ParseInt(token, 0, 64)
 
 	if tokenID == 0 {
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ func DeleteOauth2Application(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/empty"
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
-	appID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	appID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	if err := auth_model.DeleteOAuth2Application(ctx, appID, ctx.Doer.ID); err != nil {
 		if auth_model.IsErrOAuthApplicationNotFound(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ func GetOauth2Application(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/OAuth2Application"
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
-	appID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	appID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	app, err := auth_model.GetOAuth2ApplicationByID(ctx, appID)
 	if err != nil {
 		if auth_model.IsErrOauthClientIDInvalid(err) || auth_model.IsErrOAuthApplicationNotFound(err) {
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ func UpdateOauth2Application(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/OAuth2Application"
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
-	appID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	appID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 
 	data := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.CreateOAuth2ApplicationOptions)
 
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/user/gpg_key.go b/routers/api/v1/user/gpg_key.go
index 5a2f995e1b5ad..ba5c0fdc45411 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/user/gpg_key.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/user/gpg_key.go
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ func GetGPGKey(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	key, err := asymkey_model.GetGPGKeyForUserByID(ctx, ctx.Doer.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	key, err := asymkey_model.GetGPGKeyForUserByID(ctx, ctx.Doer.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if asymkey_model.IsErrGPGKeyNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ func DeleteGPGKey(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := asymkey_model.DeleteGPGKey(ctx, ctx.Doer, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")); err != nil {
+	if err := asymkey_model.DeleteGPGKey(ctx, ctx.Doer, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")); err != nil {
 		if asymkey_model.IsErrGPGKeyAccessDenied(err) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusForbidden, "", "You do not have access to this key")
 		} else {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/user/helper.go b/routers/api/v1/user/helper.go
index 8b5c64e291988..23a526cd676a5 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/user/helper.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/user/helper.go
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 
 // GetUserByParamsName get user by name
 func GetUserByParamsName(ctx *context.APIContext, name string) *user_model.User {
-	username := ctx.Params(name)
+	username := ctx.PathParam(name)
 	user, err := user_model.GetUserByName(ctx, username)
 	if err != nil {
 		if user_model.IsErrUserNotExist(err) {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/user/hook.go b/routers/api/v1/user/hook.go
index 9d9ca5bf01059..b4605c8a29208 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/user/hook.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/user/hook.go
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ func GetHook(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "200":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/Hook"
 
-	hook, err := utils.GetOwnerHook(ctx, ctx.Doer.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64("id"))
+	hook, err := utils.GetOwnerHook(ctx, ctx.Doer.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64("id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ func EditHook(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		ctx,
 		ctx.Doer,
 		web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.EditHookOption),
-		ctx.ParamsInt64("id"),
+		ctx.PathParamInt64("id"),
 	)
 }
 
@@ -154,6 +154,6 @@ func DeleteHook(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	utils.DeleteOwnerHook(
 		ctx,
 		ctx.Doer,
-		ctx.ParamsInt64("id"),
+		ctx.PathParamInt64("id"),
 	)
 }
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/user/key.go b/routers/api/v1/user/key.go
index d9456e7ec6087..e4278c2ec0ef6 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/user/key.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/user/key.go
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func listPublicKeys(ctx *context.APIContext, user *user_model.User) {
 	var count int
 
 	fingerprint := ctx.FormString("fingerprint")
-	username := ctx.Params("username")
+	username := ctx.PathParam("username")
 
 	if fingerprint != "" {
 		var userID int64 // Unrestricted
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ func GetPublicKey(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	//   "404":
 	//     "$ref": "#/responses/notFound"
 
-	key, err := asymkey_model.GetPublicKeyByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	key, err := asymkey_model.GetPublicKeyByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if asymkey_model.IsErrKeyNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound()
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ func DeletePublicKey(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	id := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	id := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	externallyManaged, err := asymkey_model.PublicKeyIsExternallyManaged(ctx, id)
 	if err != nil {
 		if asymkey_model.IsErrKeyNotExist(err) {
diff --git a/routers/api/v1/user/user.go b/routers/api/v1/user/user.go
index 09147cd2ae00b..fedad87fc4fa5 100644
--- a/routers/api/v1/user/user.go
+++ b/routers/api/v1/user/user.go
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ func GetInfo(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 
 	if !user_model.IsUserVisibleToViewer(ctx, ctx.ContextUser, ctx.Doer) {
 		// fake ErrUserNotExist error message to not leak information about existence
-		ctx.NotFound("GetUserByName", user_model.ErrUserNotExist{Name: ctx.Params(":username")})
+		ctx.NotFound("GetUserByName", user_model.ErrUserNotExist{Name: ctx.PathParam(":username")})
 		return
 	}
 	ctx.JSON(http.StatusOK, convert.ToUser(ctx, ctx.ContextUser, ctx.Doer))
diff --git a/routers/common/middleware.go b/routers/common/middleware.go
index de49648396fd2..51e42d87a0b9e 100644
--- a/routers/common/middleware.go
+++ b/routers/common/middleware.go
@@ -19,13 +19,23 @@ import (
 
 	"gitea.com/go-chi/session"
 	"github.com/chi-middleware/proxy"
-	chi "github.com/go-chi/chi/v5"
+	"github.com/go-chi/chi/v5"
 )
 
 // ProtocolMiddlewares returns HTTP protocol related middlewares, and it provides a global panic recovery
 func ProtocolMiddlewares() (handlers []any) {
-	// first, normalize the URL path
-	handlers = append(handlers, normalizeRequestPathMiddleware)
+	// make sure chi uses EscapedPath(RawPath) as RoutePath, then "%2f" could be handled correctly
+	handlers = append(handlers, func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
+		return http.HandlerFunc(func(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
+			ctx := chi.RouteContext(req.Context())
+			if req.URL.RawPath == "" {
+				ctx.RoutePath = req.URL.EscapedPath()
+			} else {
+				ctx.RoutePath = req.URL.RawPath
+			}
+			next.ServeHTTP(resp, req)
+		})
+	})
 
 	// prepare the ContextData and panic recovery
 	handlers = append(handlers, func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
@@ -75,58 +85,6 @@ func ProtocolMiddlewares() (handlers []any) {
 	return handlers
 }
 
-func normalizeRequestPathMiddleware(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
-	return http.HandlerFunc(func(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
-		// escape the URL RawPath to ensure that all routing is done using a correctly escaped URL
-		req.URL.RawPath = req.URL.EscapedPath()
-
-		urlPath := req.URL.RawPath
-		rctx := chi.RouteContext(req.Context())
-		if rctx != nil && rctx.RoutePath != "" {
-			urlPath = rctx.RoutePath
-		}
-
-		normalizedPath := strings.TrimRight(urlPath, "/")
-		// the following code block is a slow-path for replacing all repeated slashes "//" to one single "/"
-		// if the path doesn't have repeated slashes, then no need to execute it
-		if strings.Contains(normalizedPath, "//") {
-			buf := &strings.Builder{}
-			prevWasSlash := false
-			for _, chr := range normalizedPath {
-				if chr != '/' || !prevWasSlash {
-					buf.WriteRune(chr)
-				}
-				prevWasSlash = chr == '/'
-			}
-			normalizedPath = buf.String()
-		}
-
-		if setting.UseSubURLPath {
-			remainingPath, ok := strings.CutPrefix(normalizedPath, setting.AppSubURL+"/")
-			if ok {
-				normalizedPath = "/" + remainingPath
-			} else if normalizedPath == setting.AppSubURL {
-				normalizedPath = "/"
-			} else if !strings.HasPrefix(normalizedPath+"/", "/v2/") {
-				// do not respond to other requests, to simulate a real sub-path environment
-				http.Error(resp, "404 page not found, sub-path is: "+setting.AppSubURL, http.StatusNotFound)
-				return
-			}
-			// TODO: it's not quite clear about how req.URL and rctx.RoutePath work together.
-			// Fortunately, it is only used for debug purpose, we have enough time to figure it out in the future.
-			req.URL.RawPath = normalizedPath
-			req.URL.Path = normalizedPath
-		}
-
-		if rctx == nil {
-			req.URL.Path = normalizedPath
-		} else {
-			rctx.RoutePath = normalizedPath
-		}
-		next.ServeHTTP(resp, req)
-	})
-}
-
 func Sessioner() func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
 	return session.Sessioner(session.Options{
 		Provider:       setting.SessionConfig.Provider,
diff --git a/routers/common/middleware_test.go b/routers/common/middleware_test.go
deleted file mode 100644
index c96071c3a8a2d..0000000000000
--- a/routers/common/middleware_test.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-package common
-
-import (
-	"net/http"
-	"net/http/httptest"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-)
-
-func TestStripSlashesMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
-	type test struct {
-		name         string
-		expectedPath string
-		inputPath    string
-	}
-
-	tests := []test{
-		{
-			name:         "path with multiple slashes",
-			inputPath:    "https://github.com///go-gitea//gitea.git",
-			expectedPath: "/go-gitea/gitea.git",
-		},
-		{
-			name:         "path with no slashes",
-			inputPath:    "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea.git",
-			expectedPath: "/go-gitea/gitea.git",
-		},
-		{
-			name:         "path with slashes in the middle",
-			inputPath:    "https://git.data.coop//halfd/new-website.git",
-			expectedPath: "/halfd/new-website.git",
-		},
-		{
-			name:         "path with slashes in the middle",
-			inputPath:    "https://git.data.coop//halfd/new-website.git",
-			expectedPath: "/halfd/new-website.git",
-		},
-		{
-			name:         "path with slashes in the end",
-			inputPath:    "/user2//repo1/",
-			expectedPath: "/user2/repo1",
-		},
-		{
-			name:         "path with slashes and query params",
-			inputPath:    "/repo//migrate?service_type=3",
-			expectedPath: "/repo/migrate",
-		},
-		{
-			name:         "path with encoded slash",
-			inputPath:    "/user2/%2F%2Frepo1",
-			expectedPath: "/user2/%2F%2Frepo1",
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		testMiddleware := http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-			assert.Equal(t, tt.expectedPath, r.URL.Path)
-		})
-
-		// pass the test middleware to validate the changes
-		handlerToTest := normalizeRequestPathMiddleware(testMiddleware)
-		// create a mock request to use
-		req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", tt.inputPath, nil)
-		// call the handler using a mock response recorder
-		handlerToTest.ServeHTTP(httptest.NewRecorder(), req)
-	}
-}
diff --git a/routers/init.go b/routers/init.go
index 56c95cd1cab7c..e21f763c1e527 100644
--- a/routers/init.go
+++ b/routers/init.go
@@ -177,9 +177,9 @@ func InitWebInstalled(ctx context.Context) {
 }
 
 // NormalRoutes represents non install routes
-func NormalRoutes() *web.Route {
+func NormalRoutes() *web.Router {
 	_ = templates.HTMLRenderer()
-	r := web.NewRoute()
+	r := web.NewRouter()
 	r.Use(common.ProtocolMiddlewares()...)
 
 	r.Mount("/", web_routers.Routes())
@@ -191,7 +191,8 @@ func NormalRoutes() *web.Route {
 	if setting.Packages.Enabled {
 		// This implements package support for most package managers
 		r.Mount("/api/packages", packages_router.CommonRoutes())
-		// This implements the OCI API (Note this is not preceded by /api but is instead /v2)
+		// This implements the OCI API, this container registry "/v2" endpoint must be in the root of the site.
+		// If site admin deploys Gitea in a sub-path, they must configure their reverse proxy to map the "https://host/v2" endpoint to Gitea.
 		r.Mount("/v2", packages_router.ContainerRoutes())
 	}
 
diff --git a/routers/install/routes.go b/routers/install/routes.go
index 06c9d389a60f4..7309a405d415d 100644
--- a/routers/install/routes.go
+++ b/routers/install/routes.go
@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ import (
 )
 
 // Routes registers the installation routes
-func Routes() *web.Route {
-	base := web.NewRoute()
+func Routes() *web.Router {
+	base := web.NewRouter()
 	base.Use(common.ProtocolMiddlewares()...)
 	base.Methods("GET, HEAD", "/assets/*", public.FileHandlerFunc())
 
-	r := web.NewRoute()
+	r := web.NewRouter()
 	r.Use(common.Sessioner(), Contexter())
 	r.Get("/", Install) // it must be on the root, because the "install.js" use the window.location to replace the "localhost" AppURL
 	r.Post("/", web.Bind(forms.InstallForm{}), SubmitInstall)
diff --git a/routers/private/default_branch.go b/routers/private/default_branch.go
index 33890be6a9277..7be909f955d17 100644
--- a/routers/private/default_branch.go
+++ b/routers/private/default_branch.go
@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@ import (
 
 // SetDefaultBranch updates the default branch
 func SetDefaultBranch(ctx *gitea_context.PrivateContext) {
-	ownerName := ctx.Params(":owner")
-	repoName := ctx.Params(":repo")
-	branch := ctx.Params(":branch")
+	ownerName := ctx.PathParam(":owner")
+	repoName := ctx.PathParam(":repo")
+	branch := ctx.PathParam(":branch")
 
 	ctx.Repo.Repository.DefaultBranch = branch
 	if err := gitrepo.SetDefaultBranch(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository, ctx.Repo.Repository.DefaultBranch); err != nil {
diff --git a/routers/private/hook_post_receive.go b/routers/private/hook_post_receive.go
index 0c2c1836ed104..2d1688523c488 100644
--- a/routers/private/hook_post_receive.go
+++ b/routers/private/hook_post_receive.go
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ func HookPostReceive(ctx *gitea_context.PrivateContext) {
 	// b) our update function will likely change the repository in the db so we will need to refresh it
 	// c) we don't always need the repo
 
-	ownerName := ctx.Params(":owner")
-	repoName := ctx.Params(":repo")
+	ownerName := ctx.PathParam(":owner")
+	repoName := ctx.PathParam(":repo")
 
 	// defer getting the repository at this point - as we should only retrieve it if we're going to call update
 	var (
diff --git a/routers/private/internal.go b/routers/private/internal.go
index ede310113ca45..61e604b7a932e 100644
--- a/routers/private/internal.go
+++ b/routers/private/internal.go
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ func bind[T any](_ T) any {
 
 // Routes registers all internal APIs routes to web application.
 // These APIs will be invoked by internal commands for example `gitea serv` and etc.
-func Routes() *web.Route {
-	r := web.NewRoute()
+func Routes() *web.Router {
+	r := web.NewRouter()
 	r.Use(context.PrivateContexter())
 	r.Use(CheckInternalToken)
 	// Log the real ip address of the request from SSH is really helpful for diagnosing sometimes.
diff --git a/routers/private/internal_repo.go b/routers/private/internal_repo.go
index e8ee8ba8ac3fc..aad0a3fb1aa83 100644
--- a/routers/private/internal_repo.go
+++ b/routers/private/internal_repo.go
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ import (
 
 // RepoAssignment assigns the repository and gitrepository to the private context
 func RepoAssignment(ctx *gitea_context.PrivateContext) context.CancelFunc {
-	ownerName := ctx.Params(":owner")
-	repoName := ctx.Params(":repo")
+	ownerName := ctx.PathParam(":owner")
+	repoName := ctx.PathParam(":repo")
 
 	repo := loadRepository(ctx, ownerName, repoName)
 	if ctx.Written() {
diff --git a/routers/private/key.go b/routers/private/key.go
index 5b8f238a83ebc..063db76520fca 100644
--- a/routers/private/key.go
+++ b/routers/private/key.go
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ import (
 
 // UpdatePublicKeyInRepo update public key and deploy key updates
 func UpdatePublicKeyInRepo(ctx *context.PrivateContext) {
-	keyID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
-	repoID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":repoid")
+	keyID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
+	repoID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":repoid")
 	if err := asymkey_model.UpdatePublicKeyUpdated(ctx, keyID); err != nil {
 		ctx.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, private.Response{
 			Err: err.Error(),
diff --git a/routers/private/manager.go b/routers/private/manager.go
index a6aa03e4ec954..c712bbcf21f7b 100644
--- a/routers/private/manager.go
+++ b/routers/private/manager.go
@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ func SetLogSQL(ctx *context.PrivateContext) {
 
 // RemoveLogger removes a logger
 func RemoveLogger(ctx *context.PrivateContext) {
-	logger := ctx.Params("logger")
-	writer := ctx.Params("writer")
+	logger := ctx.PathParam("logger")
+	writer := ctx.PathParam("writer")
 	err := log.GetManager().GetLogger(logger).RemoveWriter(writer)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, private.Response{
diff --git a/routers/private/serv.go b/routers/private/serv.go
index 1c309865d7df0..dbb28cc2bb072 100644
--- a/routers/private/serv.go
+++ b/routers/private/serv.go
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ import (
 
 // ServNoCommand returns information about the provided keyid
 func ServNoCommand(ctx *context.PrivateContext) {
-	keyID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":keyid")
+	keyID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":keyid")
 	if keyID <= 0 {
 		ctx.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, private.Response{
 			UserMsg: fmt.Sprintf("Bad key id: %d", keyID),
@@ -77,9 +77,9 @@ func ServNoCommand(ctx *context.PrivateContext) {
 
 // ServCommand returns information about the provided keyid
 func ServCommand(ctx *context.PrivateContext) {
-	keyID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":keyid")
-	ownerName := ctx.Params(":owner")
-	repoName := ctx.Params(":repo")
+	keyID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":keyid")
+	ownerName := ctx.PathParam(":owner")
+	repoName := ctx.PathParam(":repo")
 	mode := perm.AccessMode(ctx.FormInt("mode"))
 
 	// Set the basic parts of the results to return
diff --git a/routers/web/admin/auths.go b/routers/web/admin/auths.go
index ba487d10457d8..3b89be0f8fc26 100644
--- a/routers/web/admin/auths.go
+++ b/routers/web/admin/auths.go
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ func EditAuthSource(ctx *context.Context) {
 	oauth2providers := oauth2.GetSupportedOAuth2Providers()
 	ctx.Data["OAuth2Providers"] = oauth2providers
 
-	source, err := auth.GetSourceByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":authid"))
+	source, err := auth.GetSourceByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":authid"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("auth.GetSourceByID", err)
 		return
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ func EditAuthSourcePost(ctx *context.Context) {
 	oauth2providers := oauth2.GetSupportedOAuth2Providers()
 	ctx.Data["OAuth2Providers"] = oauth2providers
 
-	source, err := auth.GetSourceByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":authid"))
+	source, err := auth.GetSourceByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":authid"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("auth.GetSourceByID", err)
 		return
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ func EditAuthSourcePost(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // DeleteAuthSource response for deleting an auth source
 func DeleteAuthSource(ctx *context.Context) {
-	source, err := auth.GetSourceByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":authid"))
+	source, err := auth.GetSourceByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":authid"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("auth.GetSourceByID", err)
 		return
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ func DeleteAuthSource(ctx *context.Context) {
 		} else {
 			ctx.Flash.Error(fmt.Sprintf("auth_service.DeleteSource: %v", err))
 		}
-		ctx.JSONRedirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/admin/auths/" + url.PathEscape(ctx.Params(":authid")))
+		ctx.JSONRedirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/admin/auths/" + url.PathEscape(ctx.PathParam(":authid")))
 		return
 	}
 	log.Trace("Authentication deleted by admin(%s): %d", ctx.Doer.Name, source.ID)
diff --git a/routers/web/admin/queue.go b/routers/web/admin/queue.go
index d8c50730b144e..dce8f8077f598 100644
--- a/routers/web/admin/queue.go
+++ b/routers/web/admin/queue.go
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ func Queues(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // QueueManage shows details for a specific queue
 func QueueManage(ctx *context.Context) {
-	qid := ctx.ParamsInt64("qid")
+	qid := ctx.PathParamInt64("qid")
 	mq := queue.GetManager().GetManagedQueue(qid)
 	if mq == nil {
 		ctx.Status(http.StatusNotFound)
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func QueueManage(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // QueueSet sets the maximum number of workers and other settings for this queue
 func QueueSet(ctx *context.Context) {
-	qid := ctx.ParamsInt64("qid")
+	qid := ctx.PathParamInt64("qid")
 	mq := queue.GetManager().GetManagedQueue(qid)
 	if mq == nil {
 		ctx.Status(http.StatusNotFound)
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ func QueueRemoveAllItems(ctx *context.Context) {
 	// Gitea's queue doesn't have transaction support
 	// So in rare cases, the queue could be corrupted/out-of-sync
 	// Site admin could remove all items from the queue to make it work again
-	qid := ctx.ParamsInt64("qid")
+	qid := ctx.PathParamInt64("qid")
 	mq := queue.GetManager().GetManagedQueue(qid)
 	if mq == nil {
 		ctx.Status(http.StatusNotFound)
diff --git a/routers/web/admin/stacktrace.go b/routers/web/admin/stacktrace.go
index d6def94bb492a..b3b635af5b6de 100644
--- a/routers/web/admin/stacktrace.go
+++ b/routers/web/admin/stacktrace.go
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func Stacktrace(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // StacktraceCancel cancels a process
 func StacktraceCancel(ctx *context.Context) {
-	pid := ctx.Params("pid")
+	pid := ctx.PathParam("pid")
 	process.GetManager().Cancel(process.IDType(pid))
 	ctx.JSONRedirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/admin/monitor/stacktrace")
 }
diff --git a/routers/web/admin/users.go b/routers/web/admin/users.go
index d2330d5fa1884..623b39b4efcfa 100644
--- a/routers/web/admin/users.go
+++ b/routers/web/admin/users.go
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ func NewUserPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func prepareUserInfo(ctx *context.Context) *user_model.User {
-	u, err := user_model.GetUserByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":userid"))
+	u, err := user_model.GetUserByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":userid"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if user_model.IsErrUserNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/admin/users")
@@ -481,12 +481,12 @@ func EditUserPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	ctx.Flash.Success(ctx.Tr("admin.users.update_profile_success"))
-	ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/admin/users/" + url.PathEscape(ctx.Params(":userid")))
+	ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/admin/users/" + url.PathEscape(ctx.PathParam(":userid")))
 }
 
 // DeleteUser response for deleting a user
 func DeleteUser(ctx *context.Context) {
-	u, err := user_model.GetUserByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":userid"))
+	u, err := user_model.GetUserByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":userid"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("GetUserByID", err)
 		return
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ func DeleteUser(ctx *context.Context) {
 	// admin should not delete themself
 	if u.ID == ctx.Doer.ID {
 		ctx.Flash.Error(ctx.Tr("admin.users.cannot_delete_self"))
-		ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/admin/users/" + url.PathEscape(ctx.Params(":userid")))
+		ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/admin/users/" + url.PathEscape(ctx.PathParam(":userid")))
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -503,16 +503,16 @@ func DeleteUser(ctx *context.Context) {
 		switch {
 		case models.IsErrUserOwnRepos(err):
 			ctx.Flash.Error(ctx.Tr("admin.users.still_own_repo"))
-			ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/admin/users/" + url.PathEscape(ctx.Params(":userid")))
+			ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/admin/users/" + url.PathEscape(ctx.PathParam(":userid")))
 		case models.IsErrUserHasOrgs(err):
 			ctx.Flash.Error(ctx.Tr("admin.users.still_has_org"))
-			ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/admin/users/" + url.PathEscape(ctx.Params(":userid")))
+			ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/admin/users/" + url.PathEscape(ctx.PathParam(":userid")))
 		case models.IsErrUserOwnPackages(err):
 			ctx.Flash.Error(ctx.Tr("admin.users.still_own_packages"))
-			ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/admin/users/" + url.PathEscape(ctx.Params(":userid")))
+			ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/admin/users/" + url.PathEscape(ctx.PathParam(":userid")))
 		case models.IsErrDeleteLastAdminUser(err):
 			ctx.Flash.Error(ctx.Tr("auth.last_admin"))
-			ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/admin/users/" + url.PathEscape(ctx.Params(":userid")))
+			ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/admin/users/" + url.PathEscape(ctx.PathParam(":userid")))
 		default:
 			ctx.ServerError("DeleteUser", err)
 		}
diff --git a/routers/web/auth/auth_test.go b/routers/web/auth/auth_test.go
index 45525a5c6fa31..cbcb2a52222e2 100644
--- a/routers/web/auth/auth_test.go
+++ b/routers/web/auth/auth_test.go
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func TestSignUpOAuth2ButMissingFields(t *testing.T) {
 
 	mockOpt := contexttest.MockContextOption{SessionStore: session.NewMockStore("dummy-sid")}
 	ctx, resp := contexttest.MockContext(t, "/user/oauth2/dummy-auth-source/callback?code=dummy-code", mockOpt)
-	ctx.SetParams("provider", "dummy-auth-source")
+	ctx.SetPathParam("provider", "dummy-auth-source")
 	SignInOAuthCallback(ctx)
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusSeeOther, resp.Code)
 	assert.Equal(t, "/user/link_account", test.RedirectURL(resp))
diff --git a/routers/web/auth/oauth.go b/routers/web/auth/oauth.go
index b337b6b156959..50f0dff2b62df 100644
--- a/routers/web/auth/oauth.go
+++ b/routers/web/auth/oauth.go
@@ -865,7 +865,7 @@ func handleAuthorizeError(ctx *context.Context, authErr AuthorizeError, redirect
 
 // SignInOAuth handles the OAuth2 login buttons
 func SignInOAuth(ctx *context.Context) {
-	provider := ctx.Params(":provider")
+	provider := ctx.PathParam(":provider")
 
 	authSource, err := auth.GetActiveOAuth2SourceByName(ctx, provider)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -904,7 +904,7 @@ func SignInOAuth(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // SignInOAuthCallback handles the callback from the given provider
 func SignInOAuthCallback(ctx *context.Context) {
-	provider := ctx.Params(":provider")
+	provider := ctx.PathParam(":provider")
 
 	if ctx.Req.FormValue("error") != "" {
 		var errorKeyValues []string
diff --git a/routers/web/devtest/devtest.go b/routers/web/devtest/devtest.go
index dd20663f94bd7..8c343197d91b9 100644
--- a/routers/web/devtest/devtest.go
+++ b/routers/web/devtest/devtest.go
@@ -62,5 +62,5 @@ func Tmpl(ctx *context.Context) {
 		time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
 	}
 
-	ctx.HTML(http.StatusOK, base.TplName("devtest"+path.Clean("/"+ctx.Params("sub"))))
+	ctx.HTML(http.StatusOK, base.TplName("devtest"+path.Clean("/"+ctx.PathParam("sub"))))
 }
diff --git a/routers/web/explore/repo.go b/routers/web/explore/repo.go
index 1d17f962f25ae..67f138aca9fff 100644
--- a/routers/web/explore/repo.go
+++ b/routers/web/explore/repo.go
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ type RepoSearchOptions struct {
 // This function is also used to render the Admin Repository Management page.
 func RenderRepoSearch(ctx *context.Context, opts *RepoSearchOptions) {
 	// Sitemap index for sitemap paths
-	page := int(ctx.ParamsInt64("idx"))
-	isSitemap := ctx.Params("idx") != ""
+	page := int(ctx.PathParamInt64("idx"))
+	isSitemap := ctx.PathParam("idx") != ""
 	if page <= 1 {
 		page = ctx.FormInt("page")
 	}
diff --git a/routers/web/explore/user.go b/routers/web/explore/user.go
index b79a79fb2c86f..18337aff48677 100644
--- a/routers/web/explore/user.go
+++ b/routers/web/explore/user.go
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ func isKeywordValid(keyword string) bool {
 // RenderUserSearch render user search page
 func RenderUserSearch(ctx *context.Context, opts *user_model.SearchUserOptions, tplName base.TplName) {
 	// Sitemap index for sitemap paths
-	opts.Page = int(ctx.ParamsInt64("idx"))
-	isSitemap := ctx.Params("idx") != ""
+	opts.Page = int(ctx.PathParamInt64("idx"))
+	isSitemap := ctx.PathParam("idx") != ""
 	if opts.Page <= 1 {
 		opts.Page = ctx.FormInt("page")
 	}
diff --git a/routers/web/feed/render.go b/routers/web/feed/render.go
index a41808c24ac67..f975fc7cb2f2f 100644
--- a/routers/web/feed/render.go
+++ b/routers/web/feed/render.go
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 
 // RenderBranchFeed render format for branch or file
 func RenderBranchFeed(ctx *context.Context) {
-	_, _, showFeedType := GetFeedType(ctx.Params(":reponame"), ctx.Req)
+	_, _, showFeedType := GetFeedType(ctx.PathParam(":reponame"), ctx.Req)
 	if ctx.Repo.TreePath == "" {
 		ShowBranchFeed(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository, showFeedType)
 	} else {
diff --git a/routers/web/githttp.go b/routers/web/githttp.go
index 5f1dedce763a2..102c92e12094d 100644
--- a/routers/web/githttp.go
+++ b/routers/web/githttp.go
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ func requireSignIn(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 }
 
-func gitHTTPRouters(m *web.Route) {
+func gitHTTPRouters(m *web.Router) {
 	m.Group("", func() {
 		m.Methods("POST,OPTIONS", "/git-upload-pack", repo.ServiceUploadPack)
 		m.Methods("POST,OPTIONS", "/git-receive-pack", repo.ServiceReceivePack)
diff --git a/routers/web/org/home.go b/routers/web/org/home.go
index 846b1de18ab13..c3fc4e099a4b3 100644
--- a/routers/web/org/home.go
+++ b/routers/web/org/home.go
@@ -28,14 +28,14 @@ const (
 
 // Home show organization home page
 func Home(ctx *context.Context) {
-	uname := ctx.Params(":username")
+	uname := ctx.PathParam(":username")
 
 	if strings.HasSuffix(uname, ".keys") || strings.HasSuffix(uname, ".gpg") {
 		ctx.NotFound("", nil)
 		return
 	}
 
-	ctx.SetParams(":org", uname)
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":org", uname)
 	context.HandleOrgAssignment(ctx)
 	if ctx.Written() {
 		return
diff --git a/routers/web/org/members.go b/routers/web/org/members.go
index 63ac57cf0dc4c..58d0b9b8c4048 100644
--- a/routers/web/org/members.go
+++ b/routers/web/org/members.go
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ func MembersAction(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 	org := ctx.Org.Organization
 
-	switch ctx.Params(":action") {
+	switch ctx.PathParam(":action") {
 	case "private":
 		if ctx.Doer.ID != member.ID && !ctx.Org.IsOwner {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusNotFound)
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ func MembersAction(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Error("Action(%s): %v", ctx.Params(":action"), err)
+		log.Error("Action(%s): %v", ctx.PathParam(":action"), err)
 		ctx.JSON(http.StatusOK, map[string]any{
 			"ok":  false,
 			"err": err.Error(),
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ func MembersAction(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	redirect := ctx.Org.OrgLink + "/members"
-	if ctx.Params(":action") == "leave" {
+	if ctx.PathParam(":action") == "leave" {
 		redirect = setting.AppSubURL + "/"
 	}
 
diff --git a/routers/web/org/projects.go b/routers/web/org/projects.go
index 9ab3c21cb2482..eea539f6d9fb5 100644
--- a/routers/web/org/projects.go
+++ b/routers/web/org/projects.go
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ func NewProjectPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 // ChangeProjectStatus updates the status of a project between "open" and "close"
 func ChangeProjectStatus(ctx *context.Context) {
 	var toClose bool
-	switch ctx.Params(":action") {
+	switch ctx.PathParam(":action") {
 	case "open":
 		toClose = false
 	case "close":
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ func ChangeProjectStatus(ctx *context.Context) {
 		ctx.JSONRedirect(ctx.ContextUser.HomeLink() + "/-/projects")
 		return
 	}
-	id := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	id := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 
 	if err := project_model.ChangeProjectStatusByRepoIDAndID(ctx, 0, id, toClose); err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("ChangeProjectStatusByRepoIDAndID", project_model.IsErrProjectNotExist, err)
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ func ChangeProjectStatus(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // DeleteProject delete a project
 func DeleteProject(ctx *context.Context) {
-	p, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	p, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetProjectByID", project_model.IsErrProjectNotExist, err)
 		return
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ func RenderEditProject(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 	shared_user.RenderUserHeader(ctx)
 
-	p, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	p, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetProjectByID", project_model.IsErrProjectNotExist, err)
 		return
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ func RenderEditProject(ctx *context.Context) {
 // EditProjectPost response for editing a project
 func EditProjectPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*forms.CreateProjectForm)
-	projectID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	projectID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	ctx.Data["Title"] = ctx.Tr("repo.projects.edit")
 	ctx.Data["PageIsEditProjects"] = true
 	ctx.Data["PageIsViewProjects"] = true
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ func EditProjectPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // ViewProject renders the project with board view for a project
 func ViewProject(ctx *context.Context) {
-	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetProjectByID", project_model.IsErrProjectNotExist, err)
 		return
@@ -398,18 +398,18 @@ func DeleteProjectColumn(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetProjectByID", project_model.IsErrProjectNotExist, err)
 		return
 	}
 
-	pb, err := project_model.GetColumn(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":columnID"))
+	pb, err := project_model.GetColumn(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":columnID"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("GetProjectColumn", err)
 		return
 	}
-	if pb.ProjectID != ctx.ParamsInt64(":id") {
+	if pb.ProjectID != ctx.PathParamInt64(":id") {
 		ctx.JSON(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, map[string]string{
 			"message": fmt.Sprintf("ProjectColumn[%d] is not in Project[%d] as expected", pb.ID, project.ID),
 		})
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ func DeleteProjectColumn(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := project_model.DeleteColumnByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":columnID")); err != nil {
+	if err := project_model.DeleteColumnByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":columnID")); err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("DeleteProjectColumnByID", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ func DeleteProjectColumn(ctx *context.Context) {
 func AddColumnToProjectPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*forms.EditProjectColumnForm)
 
-	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetProjectByID", project_model.IsErrProjectNotExist, err)
 		return
@@ -463,18 +463,18 @@ func CheckProjectColumnChangePermissions(ctx *context.Context) (*project_model.P
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 
-	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetProjectByID", project_model.IsErrProjectNotExist, err)
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 
-	column, err := project_model.GetColumn(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":columnID"))
+	column, err := project_model.GetColumn(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":columnID"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("GetProjectColumn", err)
 		return nil, nil
 	}
-	if column.ProjectID != ctx.ParamsInt64(":id") {
+	if column.ProjectID != ctx.PathParamInt64(":id") {
 		ctx.JSON(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, map[string]string{
 			"message": fmt.Sprintf("ProjectColumn[%d] is not in Project[%d] as expected", column.ID, project.ID),
 		})
@@ -538,7 +538,7 @@ func MoveIssues(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetProjectByID", project_model.IsErrProjectNotExist, err)
 		return
@@ -548,7 +548,7 @@ func MoveIssues(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	column, err := project_model.GetColumn(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":columnID"))
+	column, err := project_model.GetColumn(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":columnID"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetProjectColumn", project_model.IsErrProjectColumnNotExist, err)
 		return
diff --git a/routers/web/org/projects_test.go b/routers/web/org/projects_test.go
index ab419cc8789bc..c52cb7ed4ce98 100644
--- a/routers/web/org/projects_test.go
+++ b/routers/web/org/projects_test.go
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ func TestCheckProjectColumnChangePermissions(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/-/projects/4/4")
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
 	ctx.ContextUser = ctx.Doer // user2
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "4")
-	ctx.SetParams(":columnID", "4")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "4")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":columnID", "4")
 
 	project, column := org.CheckProjectColumnChangePermissions(ctx)
 	assert.NotNil(t, project)
diff --git a/routers/web/org/teams.go b/routers/web/org/teams.go
index 144d9b1b43dd7..aaac1177ae1f1 100644
--- a/routers/web/org/teams.go
+++ b/routers/web/org/teams.go
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ func Teams(ctx *context.Context) {
 func TeamsAction(ctx *context.Context) {
 	page := ctx.FormString("page")
 	var err error
-	switch ctx.Params(":action") {
+	switch ctx.PathParam(":action") {
 	case "join":
 		if !ctx.Org.IsOwner {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusNotFound)
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ func TeamsAction(ctx *context.Context) {
 			if org_model.IsErrLastOrgOwner(err) {
 				ctx.Flash.Error(ctx.Tr("form.last_org_owner"))
 			} else {
-				log.Error("Action(%s): %v", ctx.Params(":action"), err)
+				log.Error("Action(%s): %v", ctx.PathParam(":action"), err)
 				ctx.JSON(http.StatusOK, map[string]any{
 					"ok":  false,
 					"err": err.Error(),
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ func TeamsAction(ctx *context.Context) {
 			if org_model.IsErrLastOrgOwner(err) {
 				ctx.Flash.Error(ctx.Tr("form.last_org_owner"))
 			} else {
-				log.Error("Action(%s): %v", ctx.Params(":action"), err)
+				log.Error("Action(%s): %v", ctx.PathParam(":action"), err)
 				ctx.JSON(http.StatusOK, map[string]any{
 					"ok":  false,
 					"err": err.Error(),
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ func TeamsAction(ctx *context.Context) {
 		}
 
 		if err := org_model.RemoveInviteByID(ctx, iid, ctx.Org.Team.ID); err != nil {
-			log.Error("Action(%s): %v", ctx.Params(":action"), err)
+			log.Error("Action(%s): %v", ctx.PathParam(":action"), err)
 			ctx.ServerError("RemoveInviteByID", err)
 			return
 		}
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ func TeamsAction(ctx *context.Context) {
 		} else if errors.Is(err, user_model.ErrBlockedUser) {
 			ctx.Flash.Error(ctx.Tr("org.teams.members.blocked_user"))
 		} else {
-			log.Error("Action(%s): %v", ctx.Params(":action"), err)
+			log.Error("Action(%s): %v", ctx.PathParam(":action"), err)
 			ctx.JSON(http.StatusOK, map[string]any{
 				"ok":  false,
 				"err": err.Error(),
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ func TeamsRepoAction(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	var err error
-	action := ctx.Params(":action")
+	action := ctx.PathParam(":action")
 	switch action {
 	case "add":
 		repoName := path.Base(ctx.FormString("repo_name"))
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ func TeamsRepoAction(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Error("Action(%s): '%s' %v", ctx.Params(":action"), ctx.Org.Team.Name, err)
+		log.Error("Action(%s): '%s' %v", ctx.PathParam(":action"), ctx.Org.Team.Name, err)
 		ctx.ServerError("TeamsRepoAction", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ func TeamInvitePost(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func getTeamInviteFromContext(ctx *context.Context) (*org_model.TeamInvite, *org_model.Organization, *org_model.Team, *user_model.User, error) {
-	invite, err := org_model.GetInviteByToken(ctx, ctx.Params("token"))
+	invite, err := org_model.GetInviteByToken(ctx, ctx.PathParam("token"))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, nil, nil, err
 	}
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/actions/badge.go b/routers/web/repo/actions/badge.go
index 6fa951826c31b..e920ecaf58063 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/actions/badge.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/actions/badge.go
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func GetWorkflowBadge(ctx *context.Context) {
-	workflowFile := ctx.Params("workflow_name")
+	workflowFile := ctx.PathParam("workflow_name")
 	branch := ctx.Req.URL.Query().Get("branch")
 	if branch == "" {
 		branch = ctx.Repo.Repository.DefaultBranch
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/actions/view.go b/routers/web/repo/actions/view.go
index 7cc12c90e6275..2c62c8d9ec0fa 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/actions/view.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/actions/view.go
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ import (
 
 func View(ctx *context_module.Context) {
 	ctx.Data["PageIsActions"] = true
-	runIndex := ctx.ParamsInt64("run")
-	jobIndex := ctx.ParamsInt64("job")
+	runIndex := ctx.PathParamInt64("run")
+	jobIndex := ctx.PathParamInt64("job")
 	ctx.Data["RunIndex"] = runIndex
 	ctx.Data["JobIndex"] = jobIndex
 	ctx.Data["ActionsURL"] = ctx.Repo.RepoLink + "/actions"
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ type ViewStepLogLine struct {
 
 func ViewPost(ctx *context_module.Context) {
 	req := web.GetForm(ctx).(*ViewRequest)
-	runIndex := ctx.ParamsInt64("run")
-	jobIndex := ctx.ParamsInt64("job")
+	runIndex := ctx.PathParamInt64("run")
+	jobIndex := ctx.PathParamInt64("job")
 
 	current, jobs := getRunJobs(ctx, runIndex, jobIndex)
 	if ctx.Written() {
@@ -268,8 +268,8 @@ func ViewPost(ctx *context_module.Context) {
 // Rerun will rerun jobs in the given run
 // If jobIndexStr is a blank string, it means rerun all jobs
 func Rerun(ctx *context_module.Context) {
-	runIndex := ctx.ParamsInt64("run")
-	jobIndexStr := ctx.Params("job")
+	runIndex := ctx.PathParamInt64("run")
+	jobIndexStr := ctx.PathParam("job")
 	var jobIndex int64
 	if jobIndexStr != "" {
 		jobIndex, _ = strconv.ParseInt(jobIndexStr, 10, 64)
@@ -358,8 +358,8 @@ func rerunJob(ctx *context_module.Context, job *actions_model.ActionRunJob, shou
 }
 
 func Logs(ctx *context_module.Context) {
-	runIndex := ctx.ParamsInt64("run")
-	jobIndex := ctx.ParamsInt64("job")
+	runIndex := ctx.PathParamInt64("run")
+	jobIndex := ctx.PathParamInt64("job")
 
 	job, _ := getRunJobs(ctx, runIndex, jobIndex)
 	if ctx.Written() {
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ func Logs(ctx *context_module.Context) {
 }
 
 func Cancel(ctx *context_module.Context) {
-	runIndex := ctx.ParamsInt64("run")
+	runIndex := ctx.PathParamInt64("run")
 
 	_, jobs := getRunJobs(ctx, runIndex, -1)
 	if ctx.Written() {
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ func Cancel(ctx *context_module.Context) {
 }
 
 func Approve(ctx *context_module.Context) {
-	runIndex := ctx.ParamsInt64("run")
+	runIndex := ctx.PathParamInt64("run")
 
 	current, jobs := getRunJobs(ctx, runIndex, -1)
 	if ctx.Written() {
@@ -529,7 +529,7 @@ type ArtifactsViewItem struct {
 }
 
 func ArtifactsView(ctx *context_module.Context) {
-	runIndex := ctx.ParamsInt64("run")
+	runIndex := ctx.PathParamInt64("run")
 	run, err := actions_model.GetRunByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, runIndex)
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, util.ErrNotExist) {
@@ -567,8 +567,8 @@ func ArtifactsDeleteView(ctx *context_module.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	runIndex := ctx.ParamsInt64("run")
-	artifactName := ctx.Params("artifact_name")
+	runIndex := ctx.PathParamInt64("run")
+	artifactName := ctx.PathParam("artifact_name")
 
 	run, err := actions_model.GetRunByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, runIndex)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -585,8 +585,8 @@ func ArtifactsDeleteView(ctx *context_module.Context) {
 }
 
 func ArtifactsDownloadView(ctx *context_module.Context) {
-	runIndex := ctx.ParamsInt64("run")
-	artifactName := ctx.Params("artifact_name")
+	runIndex := ctx.PathParamInt64("run")
+	artifactName := ctx.PathParam("artifact_name")
 
 	run, err := actions_model.GetRunByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, runIndex)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/activity.go b/routers/web/repo/activity.go
index 6f6641cc65e2a..c8fa60f77a74a 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/activity.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/activity.go
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ func Activity(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 	ctx.Data["PageIsPulse"] = true
 
-	ctx.Data["Period"] = ctx.Params("period")
+	ctx.Data["Period"] = ctx.PathParam("period")
 
 	timeUntil := time.Now()
 	var timeFrom time.Time
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ func ActivityAuthors(ctx *context.Context) {
 	timeUntil := time.Now()
 	var timeFrom time.Time
 
-	switch ctx.Params("period") {
+	switch ctx.PathParam("period") {
 	case "daily":
 		timeFrom = timeUntil.Add(-time.Hour * 24)
 	case "halfweekly":
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/attachment.go b/routers/web/repo/attachment.go
index 6437c39a5726c..0df2efeac7d59 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/attachment.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/attachment.go
@@ -154,5 +154,5 @@ func ServeAttachment(ctx *context.Context, uuid string) {
 
 // GetAttachment serve attachments
 func GetAttachment(ctx *context.Context) {
-	ServeAttachment(ctx, ctx.Params(":uuid"))
+	ServeAttachment(ctx, ctx.PathParam(":uuid"))
 }
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/cherry_pick.go b/routers/web/repo/cherry_pick.go
index 088f8d889d4ab..61aff78d49810 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/cherry_pick.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/cherry_pick.go
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ var tplCherryPick base.TplName = "repo/editor/cherry_pick"
 
 // CherryPick handles cherrypick GETs
 func CherryPick(ctx *context.Context) {
-	ctx.Data["SHA"] = ctx.Params(":sha")
-	cherryPickCommit, err := ctx.Repo.GitRepo.GetCommit(ctx.Params(":sha"))
+	ctx.Data["SHA"] = ctx.PathParam(":sha")
+	cherryPickCommit, err := ctx.Repo.GitRepo.GetCommit(ctx.PathParam(":sha"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if git.IsErrNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("Missing Commit", err)
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func CherryPick(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 	if ctx.FormString("cherry-pick-type") == "revert" {
 		ctx.Data["CherryPickType"] = "revert"
-		ctx.Data["commit_summary"] = "revert " + ctx.Params(":sha")
+		ctx.Data["commit_summary"] = "revert " + ctx.PathParam(":sha")
 		ctx.Data["commit_message"] = "revert " + cherryPickCommit.Message()
 	} else {
 		ctx.Data["CherryPickType"] = "cherry-pick"
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ func CherryPick(ctx *context.Context) {
 func CherryPickPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*forms.CherryPickForm)
 
-	sha := ctx.Params(":sha")
+	sha := ctx.PathParam(":sha")
 	ctx.Data["SHA"] = sha
 	if form.Revert {
 		ctx.Data["CherryPickType"] = "revert"
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ func CherryPickPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 		if form.Revert {
 			if err := git.GetReverseRawDiff(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.RepoPath(), sha, buf); err != nil {
 				if git.IsErrNotExist(err) {
-					ctx.NotFound("GetRawDiff", errors.New("commit "+ctx.Params(":sha")+" does not exist."))
+					ctx.NotFound("GetRawDiff", errors.New("commit "+ctx.PathParam(":sha")+" does not exist."))
 					return
 				}
 				ctx.ServerError("GetRawDiff", err)
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ func CherryPickPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 		} else {
 			if err := git.GetRawDiff(ctx.Repo.GitRepo, sha, git.RawDiffType("patch"), buf); err != nil {
 				if git.IsErrNotExist(err) {
-					ctx.NotFound("GetRawDiff", errors.New("commit "+ctx.Params(":sha")+" does not exist."))
+					ctx.NotFound("GetRawDiff", errors.New("commit "+ctx.PathParam(":sha")+" does not exist."))
 					return
 				}
 				ctx.ServerError("GetRawDiff", err)
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/commit.go b/routers/web/repo/commit.go
index 7b5e72593f69a..dae6063908d31 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/commit.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/commit.go
@@ -257,12 +257,12 @@ func FileHistory(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 func LoadBranchesAndTags(ctx *context.Context) {
-	response, err := git_service.LoadBranchesAndTags(ctx, ctx.Repo, ctx.Params("sha"))
+	response, err := git_service.LoadBranchesAndTags(ctx, ctx.Repo, ctx.PathParam("sha"))
 	if err == nil {
 		ctx.JSON(http.StatusOK, response)
 		return
 	}
-	ctx.NotFoundOrServerError(fmt.Sprintf("could not load branches and tags the commit %s belongs to", ctx.Params("sha")), git.IsErrNotExist, err)
+	ctx.NotFoundOrServerError(fmt.Sprintf("could not load branches and tags the commit %s belongs to", ctx.PathParam("sha")), git.IsErrNotExist, err)
 }
 
 // Diff show different from current commit to previous commit
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ func Diff(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 	userName := ctx.Repo.Owner.Name
 	repoName := ctx.Repo.Repository.Name
-	commitID := ctx.Params(":sha")
+	commitID := ctx.PathParam(":sha")
 	var (
 		gitRepo *git.Repository
 		err     error
@@ -420,13 +420,13 @@ func RawDiff(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 	if err := git.GetRawDiff(
 		gitRepo,
-		ctx.Params(":sha"),
-		git.RawDiffType(ctx.Params(":ext")),
+		ctx.PathParam(":sha"),
+		git.RawDiffType(ctx.PathParam(":ext")),
 		ctx.Resp,
 	); err != nil {
 		if git.IsErrNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("GetRawDiff",
-				errors.New("commit "+ctx.Params(":sha")+" does not exist."))
+				errors.New("commit "+ctx.PathParam(":sha")+" does not exist."))
 			return
 		}
 		ctx.ServerError("GetRawDiff", err)
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/compare.go b/routers/web/repo/compare.go
index 818dc4d50f75c..65e23bf751cac 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/compare.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/compare.go
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ func ParseCompareInfo(ctx *context.Context) *common.CompareInfo {
 	// 5. /{:baseOwner}/{:baseRepoName}/compare/{:headOwner}:{:headBranch}
 	// 6. /{:baseOwner}/{:baseRepoName}/compare/{:headOwner}/{:headRepoName}:{:headBranch}
 	//
-	// Here we obtain the infoPath "{:baseBranch}...[{:headOwner}/{:headRepoName}:]{:headBranch}" as ctx.Params("*")
+	// Here we obtain the infoPath "{:baseBranch}...[{:headOwner}/{:headRepoName}:]{:headBranch}" as ctx.PathParam("*")
 	// with the :baseRepo in ctx.Repo.
 	//
 	// Note: Generally :headRepoName is not provided here - we are only passed :headOwner.
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ func ParseCompareInfo(ctx *context.Context) *common.CompareInfo {
 		err        error
 	)
 
-	infoPath = ctx.Params("*")
+	infoPath = ctx.PathParam("*")
 	var infos []string
 	if infoPath == "" {
 		infos = []string{baseRepo.DefaultBranch, baseRepo.DefaultBranch}
@@ -850,7 +850,7 @@ func CompareDiff(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // ExcerptBlob render blob excerpt contents
 func ExcerptBlob(ctx *context.Context) {
-	commitID := ctx.Params("sha")
+	commitID := ctx.PathParam("sha")
 	lastLeft := ctx.FormInt("last_left")
 	lastRight := ctx.FormInt("last_right")
 	idxLeft := ctx.FormInt("left")
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/download.go b/routers/web/repo/download.go
index 802e8e6a62cb2..8c4da34060453 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/download.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/download.go
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ func SingleDownloadOrLFS(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // DownloadByID download a file by sha1 ID
 func DownloadByID(ctx *context.Context) {
-	blob, err := ctx.Repo.GitRepo.GetBlob(ctx.Params("sha"))
+	blob, err := ctx.Repo.GitRepo.GetBlob(ctx.PathParam("sha"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if git.IsErrNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("GetBlob", nil)
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ func DownloadByID(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // DownloadByIDOrLFS download a file by sha1 ID taking account of LFS
 func DownloadByIDOrLFS(ctx *context.Context) {
-	blob, err := ctx.Repo.GitRepo.GetBlob(ctx.Params("sha"))
+	blob, err := ctx.Repo.GitRepo.GetBlob(ctx.PathParam("sha"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if git.IsErrNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("GetBlob", nil)
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/editor_test.go b/routers/web/repo/editor_test.go
index 313fcfe33a28b..68d69408ac883 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/editor_test.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/editor_test.go
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ func TestCleanUploadName(t *testing.T) {
 func TestGetUniquePatchBranchName(t *testing.T) {
 	unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1")
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 	contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ func TestGetUniquePatchBranchName(t *testing.T) {
 func TestGetClosestParentWithFiles(t *testing.T) {
 	unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1")
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 	contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/find.go b/routers/web/repo/find.go
index 9da4237c1edd3..2c44552f9c432 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/find.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/find.go
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ const (
 
 // FindFiles render the page to find repository files
 func FindFiles(ctx *context.Context) {
-	path := ctx.Params("*")
+	path := ctx.PathParam("*")
 	ctx.Data["TreeLink"] = ctx.Repo.RepoLink + "/src/" + util.PathEscapeSegments(path)
 	ctx.Data["DataLink"] = ctx.Repo.RepoLink + "/tree-list/" + util.PathEscapeSegments(path)
 	ctx.HTML(http.StatusOK, tplFindFiles)
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/githttp.go b/routers/web/repo/githttp.go
index f0579b56ea137..bb85df1a868b8 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/githttp.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/githttp.go
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ func CorsHandler() func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
 
 // httpBase implementation git smart HTTP protocol
 func httpBase(ctx *context.Context) *serviceHandler {
-	username := ctx.Params(":username")
-	reponame := strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.Params(":reponame"), ".git")
+	username := ctx.PathParam(":username")
+	reponame := strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.PathParam(":reponame"), ".git")
 
 	if ctx.FormString("go-get") == "1" {
 		context.EarlyResponseForGoGetMeta(ctx)
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ func GetTextFile(p string) func(*context.Context) {
 		h := httpBase(ctx)
 		if h != nil {
 			setHeaderNoCache(ctx)
-			file := ctx.Params("file")
+			file := ctx.PathParam("file")
 			if file != "" {
 				h.sendFile(ctx, "text/plain", "objects/info/"+file)
 			} else {
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ func GetLooseObject(ctx *context.Context) {
 	if h != nil {
 		setHeaderCacheForever(ctx)
 		h.sendFile(ctx, "application/x-git-loose-object", fmt.Sprintf("objects/%s/%s",
-			ctx.Params("head"), ctx.Params("hash")))
+			ctx.PathParam("head"), ctx.PathParam("hash")))
 	}
 }
 
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ func GetPackFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 	h := httpBase(ctx)
 	if h != nil {
 		setHeaderCacheForever(ctx)
-		h.sendFile(ctx, "application/x-git-packed-objects", "objects/pack/pack-"+ctx.Params("file")+".pack")
+		h.sendFile(ctx, "application/x-git-packed-objects", "objects/pack/pack-"+ctx.PathParam("file")+".pack")
 	}
 }
 
@@ -593,6 +593,6 @@ func GetIdxFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 	h := httpBase(ctx)
 	if h != nil {
 		setHeaderCacheForever(ctx)
-		h.sendFile(ctx, "application/x-git-packed-objects-toc", "objects/pack/pack-"+ctx.Params("file")+".idx")
+		h.sendFile(ctx, "application/x-git-packed-objects-toc", "objects/pack/pack-"+ctx.PathParam("file")+".idx")
 	}
 }
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/issue.go b/routers/web/repo/issue.go
index e7ad02c0c25ec..7c4e3e36f3caa 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/issue.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/issue.go
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ func issueIDsFromSearch(ctx *context.Context, keyword string, opts *issues_model
 
 // Issues render issues page
 func Issues(ctx *context.Context) {
-	isPullList := ctx.Params(":type") == "pulls"
+	isPullList := ctx.PathParam(":type") == "pulls"
 	if isPullList {
 		MustAllowPulls(ctx)
 		if ctx.Written() {
@@ -1365,13 +1365,13 @@ func getBranchData(ctx *context.Context, issue *issues_model.Issue) {
 
 // ViewIssue render issue view page
 func ViewIssue(ctx *context.Context) {
-	if ctx.Params(":type") == "issues" {
+	if ctx.PathParam(":type") == "issues" {
 		// If issue was requested we check if repo has external tracker and redirect
 		extIssueUnit, err := ctx.Repo.Repository.GetUnit(ctx, unit.TypeExternalTracker)
 		if err == nil && extIssueUnit != nil {
 			if extIssueUnit.ExternalTrackerConfig().ExternalTrackerStyle == markup.IssueNameStyleNumeric || extIssueUnit.ExternalTrackerConfig().ExternalTrackerStyle == "" {
 				metas := ctx.Repo.Repository.ComposeMetas(ctx)
-				metas["index"] = ctx.Params(":index")
+				metas["index"] = ctx.PathParam(":index")
 				res, err := vars.Expand(extIssueUnit.ExternalTrackerConfig().ExternalTrackerFormat, metas)
 				if err != nil {
 					log.Error("unable to expand template vars for issue url. issue: %s, err: %v", metas["index"], err)
@@ -1387,7 +1387,7 @@ func ViewIssue(ctx *context.Context) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("GetIssueByIndex", err)
@@ -1401,10 +1401,10 @@ func ViewIssue(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	// Make sure type and URL matches.
-	if ctx.Params(":type") == "issues" && issue.IsPull {
+	if ctx.PathParam(":type") == "issues" && issue.IsPull {
 		ctx.Redirect(issue.Link())
 		return
-	} else if ctx.Params(":type") == "pulls" && !issue.IsPull {
+	} else if ctx.PathParam(":type") == "pulls" && !issue.IsPull {
 		ctx.Redirect(issue.Link())
 		return
 	}
@@ -2092,7 +2092,7 @@ func sortDependencyInfo(blockers []*issues_model.DependencyInfo) {
 
 // GetActionIssue will return the issue which is used in the context.
 func GetActionIssue(ctx *context.Context) *issues_model.Issue {
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetIssueByIndex", issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist, err)
 		return nil
@@ -2157,7 +2157,7 @@ func getActionIssues(ctx *context.Context) issues_model.IssueList {
 
 // GetIssueInfo get an issue of a repository
 func GetIssueInfo(ctx *context.Context) {
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueWithAttrsByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueWithAttrsByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusNotFound)
@@ -2298,7 +2298,7 @@ func UpdateIssueContent(ctx *context.Context) {
 // UpdateIssueDeadline updates an issue deadline
 func UpdateIssueDeadline(ctx *context.Context) {
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*api.EditDeadlineOption)
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("GetIssueByIndex", err)
@@ -3137,7 +3137,7 @@ func NewComment(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // UpdateCommentContent change comment of issue's content
 func UpdateCommentContent(ctx *context.Context) {
-	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetCommentByID", issues_model.IsErrCommentNotExist, err)
 		return
@@ -3222,7 +3222,7 @@ func UpdateCommentContent(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // DeleteComment delete comment of issue
 func DeleteComment(ctx *context.Context) {
-	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetCommentByID", issues_model.IsErrCommentNotExist, err)
 		return
@@ -3290,7 +3290,7 @@ func ChangeIssueReaction(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	switch ctx.Params(":action") {
+	switch ctx.PathParam(":action") {
 	case "react":
 		reaction, err := issue_service.CreateIssueReaction(ctx, ctx.Doer, issue, form.Content)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -3324,7 +3324,7 @@ func ChangeIssueReaction(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 		log.Trace("Reaction for issue removed: %d/%d", ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, issue.ID)
 	default:
-		ctx.NotFound(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown action %s", ctx.Params(":action")), nil)
+		ctx.NotFound(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown action %s", ctx.PathParam(":action")), nil)
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -3352,7 +3352,7 @@ func ChangeIssueReaction(ctx *context.Context) {
 // ChangeCommentReaction create a reaction for comment
 func ChangeCommentReaction(ctx *context.Context) {
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*forms.ReactionForm)
-	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetCommentByID", issues_model.IsErrCommentNotExist, err)
 		return
@@ -3396,7 +3396,7 @@ func ChangeCommentReaction(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	switch ctx.Params(":action") {
+	switch ctx.PathParam(":action") {
 	case "react":
 		reaction, err := issue_service.CreateCommentReaction(ctx, ctx.Doer, comment, form.Content)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -3430,7 +3430,7 @@ func ChangeCommentReaction(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 		log.Trace("Reaction for comment removed: %d/%d/%d", ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, comment.Issue.ID, comment.ID)
 	default:
-		ctx.NotFound(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown action %s", ctx.Params(":action")), nil)
+		ctx.NotFound(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown action %s", ctx.PathParam(":action")), nil)
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -3504,7 +3504,7 @@ func GetIssueAttachments(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // GetCommentAttachments returns attachments for the comment
 func GetCommentAttachments(ctx *context.Context) {
-	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	comment, err := issues_model.GetCommentByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetCommentByID", issues_model.IsErrCommentNotExist, err)
 		return
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/issue_dependency.go b/routers/web/repo/issue_dependency.go
index e3b85ee638e93..f1d133edb0064 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/issue_dependency.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/issue_dependency.go
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import (
 
 // AddDependency adds new dependencies
 func AddDependency(ctx *context.Context) {
-	issueIndex := ctx.ParamsInt64("index")
+	issueIndex := ctx.PathParamInt64("index")
 	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, issueIndex)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("GetIssueByIndex", err)
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ func AddDependency(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // RemoveDependency removes the dependency
 func RemoveDependency(ctx *context.Context) {
-	issueIndex := ctx.ParamsInt64("index")
+	issueIndex := ctx.PathParamInt64("index")
 	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, issueIndex)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("GetIssueByIndex", err)
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/issue_pin.go b/routers/web/repo/issue_pin.go
index 365c812681a22..0074e31f038d9 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/issue_pin.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/issue_pin.go
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ func IssuePinOrUnpin(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // IssueUnpin unpins a Issue
 func IssueUnpin(ctx *context.Context) {
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.Status(http.StatusInternalServerError)
 		log.Error(err.Error())
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/issue_timetrack.go b/routers/web/repo/issue_timetrack.go
index 241e434049900..099711c5e9cf8 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/issue_timetrack.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/issue_timetrack.go
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ func DeleteTime(c *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	t, err := issues_model.GetTrackedTimeByID(c, c.ParamsInt64(":timeid"))
+	t, err := issues_model.GetTrackedTimeByID(c, c.PathParamInt64(":timeid"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if db.IsErrNotExist(err) {
 			c.NotFound("time not found", err)
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/milestone.go b/routers/web/repo/milestone.go
index c6c8cb5cfbd01..e4ee025875ef6 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/milestone.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/milestone.go
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ func EditMilestone(ctx *context.Context) {
 	ctx.Data["PageIsMilestones"] = true
 	ctx.Data["PageIsEditMilestone"] = true
 
-	m, err := issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	m, err := issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("", nil)
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ func EditMilestonePost(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	deadline = time.Date(deadline.Year(), deadline.Month(), deadline.Day(), 23, 59, 59, 0, deadline.Location())
-	m, err := issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	m, err := issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("", nil)
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ func EditMilestonePost(ctx *context.Context) {
 // ChangeMilestoneStatus response for change a milestone's status
 func ChangeMilestoneStatus(ctx *context.Context) {
 	var toClose bool
-	switch ctx.Params(":action") {
+	switch ctx.PathParam(":action") {
 	case "open":
 		toClose = false
 	case "close":
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ func ChangeMilestoneStatus(ctx *context.Context) {
 		ctx.JSONRedirect(ctx.Repo.RepoLink + "/milestones")
 		return
 	}
-	id := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	id := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 
 	if err := issues_model.ChangeMilestoneStatusByRepoIDAndID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, id, toClose); err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrMilestoneNotExist(err) {
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ func ChangeMilestoneStatus(ctx *context.Context) {
 		}
 		return
 	}
-	ctx.JSONRedirect(ctx.Repo.RepoLink + "/milestones?state=" + url.QueryEscape(ctx.Params(":action")))
+	ctx.JSONRedirect(ctx.Repo.RepoLink + "/milestones?state=" + url.QueryEscape(ctx.PathParam(":action")))
 }
 
 // DeleteMilestone delete a milestone
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ func DeleteMilestone(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // MilestoneIssuesAndPulls lists all the issues and pull requests of the milestone
 func MilestoneIssuesAndPulls(ctx *context.Context) {
-	milestoneID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	milestoneID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	projectID := ctx.FormInt64("project")
 	milestone, err := issues_model.GetMilestoneByRepoID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, milestoneID)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/projects.go b/routers/web/repo/projects.go
index 2e32f478aabf4..fdeead57035a7 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/projects.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/projects.go
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ func NewProjectPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 // ChangeProjectStatus updates the status of a project between "open" and "close"
 func ChangeProjectStatus(ctx *context.Context) {
 	var toClose bool
-	switch ctx.Params(":action") {
+	switch ctx.PathParam(":action") {
 	case "open":
 		toClose = false
 	case "close":
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ func ChangeProjectStatus(ctx *context.Context) {
 		ctx.JSONRedirect(ctx.Repo.RepoLink + "/projects")
 		return
 	}
-	id := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	id := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 
 	if err := project_model.ChangeProjectStatusByRepoIDAndID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, id, toClose); err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("ChangeProjectStatusByRepoIDAndID", project_model.IsErrProjectNotExist, err)
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ func ChangeProjectStatus(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // DeleteProject delete a project
 func DeleteProject(ctx *context.Context) {
-	p, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	p, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if project_model.IsErrProjectNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("", nil)
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ func RenderEditProject(ctx *context.Context) {
 	ctx.Data["CanWriteProjects"] = ctx.Repo.Permission.CanWrite(unit.TypeProjects)
 	ctx.Data["CardTypes"] = project_model.GetCardConfig()
 
-	p, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	p, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if project_model.IsErrProjectNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("", nil)
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ func RenderEditProject(ctx *context.Context) {
 // EditProjectPost response for editing a project
 func EditProjectPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*forms.CreateProjectForm)
-	projectID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	projectID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 
 	ctx.Data["Title"] = ctx.Tr("repo.projects.edit")
 	ctx.Data["PageIsEditProjects"] = true
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ func EditProjectPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // ViewProject renders the project with board view
 func ViewProject(ctx *context.Context) {
-	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if project_model.IsErrProjectNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("", nil)
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ func DeleteProjectColumn(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if project_model.IsErrProjectNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("", nil)
@@ -434,12 +434,12 @@ func DeleteProjectColumn(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	pb, err := project_model.GetColumn(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":columnID"))
+	pb, err := project_model.GetColumn(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":columnID"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("GetProjectColumn", err)
 		return
 	}
-	if pb.ProjectID != ctx.ParamsInt64(":id") {
+	if pb.ProjectID != ctx.PathParamInt64(":id") {
 		ctx.JSON(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, map[string]string{
 			"message": fmt.Sprintf("ProjectColumn[%d] is not in Project[%d] as expected", pb.ID, project.ID),
 		})
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ func DeleteProjectColumn(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := project_model.DeleteColumnByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":columnID")); err != nil {
+	if err := project_model.DeleteColumnByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":columnID")); err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("DeleteProjectColumnByID", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ func AddColumnToProjectPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	project, err := project_model.GetProjectForRepoByID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	project, err := project_model.GetProjectForRepoByID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if project_model.IsErrProjectNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("", nil)
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ func checkProjectColumnChangePermissions(ctx *context.Context) (*project_model.P
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 
-	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if project_model.IsErrProjectNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("", nil)
@@ -519,12 +519,12 @@ func checkProjectColumnChangePermissions(ctx *context.Context) (*project_model.P
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 
-	column, err := project_model.GetColumn(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":columnID"))
+	column, err := project_model.GetColumn(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":columnID"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("GetProjectColumn", err)
 		return nil, nil
 	}
-	if column.ProjectID != ctx.ParamsInt64(":id") {
+	if column.ProjectID != ctx.PathParamInt64(":id") {
 		ctx.JSON(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, map[string]string{
 			"message": fmt.Sprintf("ProjectColumn[%d] is not in Project[%d] as expected", column.ID, project.ID),
 		})
@@ -595,7 +595,7 @@ func MoveIssues(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if project_model.IsErrProjectNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("ProjectNotExist", nil)
@@ -609,7 +609,7 @@ func MoveIssues(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	column, err := project_model.GetColumn(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":columnID"))
+	column, err := project_model.GetColumn(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":columnID"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if project_model.IsErrProjectColumnNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("ProjectColumnNotExist", nil)
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/projects_test.go b/routers/web/repo/projects_test.go
index d61230a57e6be..1a42c615abc55 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/projects_test.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/projects_test.go
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ func TestCheckProjectColumnChangePermissions(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1/projects/1/2")
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
-	ctx.SetParams(":columnID", "2")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":columnID", "2")
 
 	project, column := checkProjectColumnChangePermissions(ctx)
 	assert.NotNil(t, project)
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/pull.go b/routers/web/repo/pull.go
index 92e0a1674e080..45220994604e1 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/pull.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/pull.go
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ func getRepository(ctx *context.Context, repoID int64) *repo_model.Repository {
 }
 
 func getPullInfo(ctx *context.Context) (issue *issues_model.Issue, ok bool) {
-	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	issue, err := issues_model.GetIssueByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrIssueNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("GetIssueByIndex", err)
@@ -886,15 +886,15 @@ func viewPullFiles(ctx *context.Context, specifiedStartCommit, specifiedEndCommi
 }
 
 func ViewPullFilesForSingleCommit(ctx *context.Context) {
-	viewPullFiles(ctx, "", ctx.Params("sha"), true, true)
+	viewPullFiles(ctx, "", ctx.PathParam("sha"), true, true)
 }
 
 func ViewPullFilesForRange(ctx *context.Context) {
-	viewPullFiles(ctx, ctx.Params("shaFrom"), ctx.Params("shaTo"), true, false)
+	viewPullFiles(ctx, ctx.PathParam("shaFrom"), ctx.PathParam("shaTo"), true, false)
 }
 
 func ViewPullFilesStartingFromCommit(ctx *context.Context) {
-	viewPullFiles(ctx, "", ctx.Params("sha"), true, false)
+	viewPullFiles(ctx, "", ctx.PathParam("sha"), true, false)
 }
 
 func ViewPullFilesForAllCommitsOfPr(ctx *context.Context) {
@@ -1493,7 +1493,7 @@ func DownloadPullPatch(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // DownloadPullDiffOrPatch render a pull's raw diff or patch
 func DownloadPullDiffOrPatch(ctx *context.Context, patch bool) {
-	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrPullRequestNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("GetPullRequestByIndex", err)
@@ -1586,7 +1586,7 @@ func UpdatePullRequestTarget(ctx *context.Context) {
 func SetAllowEdits(ctx *context.Context) {
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*forms.UpdateAllowEditsForm)
 
-	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":index"))
+	pr, err := issues_model.GetPullRequestByIndex(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":index"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if issues_model.IsErrPullRequestNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("GetPullRequestByIndex", err)
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/release.go b/routers/web/repo/release.go
index 8ba2adf3f136e..85c7828f2e404 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/release.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/release.go
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ func SingleRelease(ctx *context.Context) {
 	releases, err := getReleaseInfos(ctx, &repo_model.FindReleasesOptions{
 		ListOptions: db.ListOptions{Page: 1, PageSize: 1},
 		RepoID:      ctx.Repo.Repository.ID,
-		TagNames:    []string{ctx.Params("*")},
+		TagNames:    []string{ctx.PathParam("*")},
 		// only show draft releases for users who can write, read-only users shouldn't see draft releases.
 		IncludeDrafts: writeAccess,
 		IncludeTags:   true,
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ func EditRelease(ctx *context.Context) {
 	ctx.Data["IsAttachmentEnabled"] = setting.Attachment.Enabled
 	upload.AddUploadContext(ctx, "release")
 
-	tagName := ctx.Params("*")
+	tagName := ctx.PathParam("*")
 	rel, err := repo_model.GetRelease(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, tagName)
 	if err != nil {
 		if repo_model.IsErrReleaseNotExist(err) {
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ func EditReleasePost(ctx *context.Context) {
 	ctx.Data["PageIsReleaseList"] = true
 	ctx.Data["PageIsEditRelease"] = true
 
-	tagName := ctx.Params("*")
+	tagName := ctx.PathParam("*")
 	rel, err := repo_model.GetRelease(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, tagName)
 	if err != nil {
 		if repo_model.IsErrReleaseNotExist(err) {
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/render.go b/routers/web/repo/render.go
index e64db03e2015e..6aba9e0ac1436 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/render.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/render.go
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func RenderFile(ctx *context.Context) {
 	rd := charset.ToUTF8WithFallbackReader(io.MultiReader(bytes.NewReader(buf), dataRc), charset.ConvertOpts{})
 	ctx.Resp.Header().Add("Content-Security-Policy", "frame-src 'self'; sandbox allow-scripts")
 
-	if markupType := markup.Type(blob.Name()); markupType == "" {
+	if markupType := markup.DetectMarkupTypeByFileName(blob.Name()); markupType == "" {
 		if isTextFile {
 			_, _ = io.Copy(ctx.Resp, rd)
 		} else {
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/repo.go b/routers/web/repo/repo.go
index 92f74bbf333c1..70dcbae0e17c8 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/repo.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/repo.go
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ const (
 // Action response for actions to a repository
 func Action(ctx *context.Context) {
 	var err error
-	switch ctx.Params(":action") {
+	switch ctx.PathParam(":action") {
 	case "watch":
 		err = repo_model.WatchRepo(ctx, ctx.Doer, ctx.Repo.Repository, true)
 	case "unwatch":
@@ -340,29 +340,29 @@ func Action(ctx *context.Context) {
 		if errors.Is(err, user_model.ErrBlockedUser) {
 			ctx.Flash.Error(ctx.Tr("repo.action.blocked_user"))
 		} else {
-			ctx.ServerError(fmt.Sprintf("Action (%s)", ctx.Params(":action")), err)
+			ctx.ServerError(fmt.Sprintf("Action (%s)", ctx.PathParam(":action")), err)
 			return
 		}
 	}
 
-	switch ctx.Params(":action") {
+	switch ctx.PathParam(":action") {
 	case "watch", "unwatch":
 		ctx.Data["IsWatchingRepo"] = repo_model.IsWatching(ctx, ctx.Doer.ID, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID)
 	case "star", "unstar":
 		ctx.Data["IsStaringRepo"] = repo_model.IsStaring(ctx, ctx.Doer.ID, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID)
 	}
 
-	switch ctx.Params(":action") {
+	switch ctx.PathParam(":action") {
 	case "watch", "unwatch", "star", "unstar":
 		// we have to reload the repository because NumStars or NumWatching (used in the templates) has just changed
 		ctx.Data["Repository"], err = repo_model.GetRepositoryByName(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.OwnerID, ctx.Repo.Repository.Name)
 		if err != nil {
-			ctx.ServerError(fmt.Sprintf("Action (%s)", ctx.Params(":action")), err)
+			ctx.ServerError(fmt.Sprintf("Action (%s)", ctx.PathParam(":action")), err)
 			return
 		}
 	}
 
-	switch ctx.Params(":action") {
+	switch ctx.PathParam(":action") {
 	case "watch", "unwatch":
 		ctx.HTML(http.StatusOK, tplWatchUnwatch)
 		return
@@ -412,8 +412,8 @@ func acceptOrRejectRepoTransfer(ctx *context.Context, accept bool) error {
 // RedirectDownload return a file based on the following infos:
 func RedirectDownload(ctx *context.Context) {
 	var (
-		vTag     = ctx.Params("vTag")
-		fileName = ctx.Params("fileName")
+		vTag     = ctx.PathParam("vTag")
+		fileName = ctx.PathParam("fileName")
 	)
 	tagNames := []string{vTag}
 	curRepo := ctx.Repo.Repository
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ func RedirectDownload(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // Download an archive of a repository
 func Download(ctx *context.Context) {
-	uri := ctx.Params("*")
+	uri := ctx.PathParam("*")
 	aReq, err := archiver_service.NewRequest(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.Repo.GitRepo, uri)
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, archiver_service.ErrUnknownArchiveFormat{}) {
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ func download(ctx *context.Context, archiveName string, archiver *repo_model.Rep
 // a request that's already in-progress, but the archiver service will just
 // kind of drop it on the floor if this is the case.
 func InitiateDownload(ctx *context.Context) {
-	uri := ctx.Params("*")
+	uri := ctx.PathParam("*")
 	aReq, err := archiver_service.NewRequest(ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, ctx.Repo.GitRepo, uri)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("archiver_service.NewRequest", err)
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/setting/git_hooks.go b/routers/web/repo/setting/git_hooks.go
index 217a01c90c1cb..2e9caa4c868f1 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/setting/git_hooks.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/setting/git_hooks.go
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ func GitHooksEdit(ctx *context.Context) {
 	ctx.Data["Title"] = ctx.Tr("repo.settings.githooks")
 	ctx.Data["PageIsSettingsGitHooks"] = true
 
-	name := ctx.Params(":name")
+	name := ctx.PathParam(":name")
 	hook, err := ctx.Repo.GitRepo.GetHook(name)
 	if err != nil {
 		if err == git.ErrNotValidHook {
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ func GitHooksEdit(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // GitHooksEditPost response for editing a git hook of a repository
 func GitHooksEditPost(ctx *context.Context) {
-	name := ctx.Params(":name")
+	name := ctx.PathParam(":name")
 	hook, err := ctx.Repo.GitRepo.GetHook(name)
 	if err != nil {
 		if err == git.ErrNotValidHook {
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/setting/lfs.go b/routers/web/repo/setting/lfs.go
index 2891556d6fc30..3b96f93ff2f71 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/setting/lfs.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/setting/lfs.go
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ func LFSUnlock(ctx *context.Context) {
 		ctx.NotFound("LFSUnlock", nil)
 		return
 	}
-	_, err := git_model.DeleteLFSLockByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64("lid"), ctx.Repo.Repository, ctx.Doer, true)
+	_, err := git_model.DeleteLFSLockByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64("lid"), ctx.Repo.Repository, ctx.Doer, true)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("LFSUnlock", err)
 		return
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ func LFSFileGet(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	ctx.Data["LFSFilesLink"] = ctx.Repo.RepoLink + "/settings/lfs"
-	oid := ctx.Params("oid")
+	oid := ctx.PathParam("oid")
 
 	p := lfs.Pointer{Oid: oid}
 	if !p.IsValid() {
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ func LFSDelete(ctx *context.Context) {
 		ctx.NotFound("LFSDelete", nil)
 		return
 	}
-	oid := ctx.Params("oid")
+	oid := ctx.PathParam("oid")
 	p := lfs.Pointer{Oid: oid}
 	if !p.IsValid() {
 		ctx.NotFound("LFSDelete", nil)
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/setting/protected_branch.go b/routers/web/repo/setting/protected_branch.go
index 4bab3f897a20a..400186db671a5 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/setting/protected_branch.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/setting/protected_branch.go
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ func SettingsProtectedBranchPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // DeleteProtectedBranchRulePost delete protected branch rule by id
 func DeleteProtectedBranchRulePost(ctx *context.Context) {
-	ruleID := ctx.ParamsInt64("id")
+	ruleID := ctx.PathParamInt64("id")
 	if ruleID <= 0 {
 		ctx.Flash.Error(ctx.Tr("repo.settings.remove_protected_branch_failed", fmt.Sprintf("%d", ruleID)))
 		ctx.JSONRedirect(fmt.Sprintf("%s/settings/branches", ctx.Repo.RepoLink))
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/setting/protected_tag.go b/routers/web/repo/setting/protected_tag.go
index 2c25b650b977e..fcfa77aa8ce04 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/setting/protected_tag.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/setting/protected_tag.go
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ func setTagsContext(ctx *context.Context) error {
 func selectProtectedTagByContext(ctx *context.Context) *git_model.ProtectedTag {
 	id := ctx.FormInt64("id")
 	if id == 0 {
-		id = ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+		id = ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	}
 
 	tag, err := git_model.GetProtectedTagByID(ctx, id)
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/setting/runners.go b/routers/web/repo/setting/runners.go
index a47d3b45e2cb5..93e6f518b0bed 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/setting/runners.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/setting/runners.go
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ func RunnersEdit(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	actions_shared.RunnerDetails(ctx, page,
-		ctx.ParamsInt64(":runnerid"), rCtx.OwnerID, rCtx.RepoID,
+		ctx.PathParamInt64(":runnerid"), rCtx.OwnerID, rCtx.RepoID,
 	)
 	ctx.HTML(http.StatusOK, rCtx.RunnerEditTemplate)
 }
@@ -158,9 +158,9 @@ func RunnersEditPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 		ctx.ServerError("getRunnersCtx", err)
 		return
 	}
-	actions_shared.RunnerDetailsEditPost(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":runnerid"),
+	actions_shared.RunnerDetailsEditPost(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":runnerid"),
 		rCtx.OwnerID, rCtx.RepoID,
-		rCtx.RedirectLink+url.PathEscape(ctx.Params(":runnerid")))
+		rCtx.RedirectLink+url.PathEscape(ctx.PathParam(":runnerid")))
 }
 
 func ResetRunnerRegistrationToken(ctx *context.Context) {
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ func RunnerDeletePost(ctx *context.Context) {
 		ctx.ServerError("getRunnersCtx", err)
 		return
 	}
-	actions_shared.RunnerDeletePost(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":runnerid"), rCtx.RedirectLink, rCtx.RedirectLink+url.PathEscape(ctx.Params(":runnerid")))
+	actions_shared.RunnerDeletePost(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":runnerid"), rCtx.RedirectLink, rCtx.RedirectLink+url.PathEscape(ctx.PathParam(":runnerid")))
 }
 
 func RedirectToDefaultSetting(ctx *context.Context) {
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/setting/webhook.go b/routers/web/repo/setting/webhook.go
index 1a3549fea4110..76615997296c6 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/setting/webhook.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/setting/webhook.go
@@ -99,9 +99,9 @@ func getOwnerRepoCtx(ctx *context.Context) (*ownerRepoCtx, error) {
 	if ctx.Data["PageIsAdmin"] == true {
 		return &ownerRepoCtx{
 			IsAdmin:         true,
-			IsSystemWebhook: ctx.Params(":configType") == "system-hooks",
+			IsSystemWebhook: ctx.PathParam(":configType") == "system-hooks",
 			Link:            path.Join(setting.AppSubURL, "/admin/hooks"),
-			LinkNew:         path.Join(setting.AppSubURL, "/admin/", ctx.Params(":configType")),
+			LinkNew:         path.Join(setting.AppSubURL, "/admin/", ctx.PathParam(":configType")),
 			NewTemplate:     tplAdminHookNew,
 		}, nil
 	}
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ func getOwnerRepoCtx(ctx *context.Context) (*ownerRepoCtx, error) {
 }
 
 func checkHookType(ctx *context.Context) string {
-	hookType := strings.ToLower(ctx.Params(":type"))
+	hookType := strings.ToLower(ctx.PathParam(":type"))
 	if !util.SliceContainsString(setting.Webhook.Types, hookType, true) {
 		ctx.NotFound("checkHookType", nil)
 		return ""
@@ -592,11 +592,11 @@ func checkWebhook(ctx *context.Context) (*ownerRepoCtx, *webhook.Webhook) {
 
 	var w *webhook.Webhook
 	if orCtx.RepoID > 0 {
-		w, err = webhook.GetWebhookByRepoID(ctx, orCtx.RepoID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+		w, err = webhook.GetWebhookByRepoID(ctx, orCtx.RepoID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	} else if orCtx.OwnerID > 0 {
-		w, err = webhook.GetWebhookByOwnerID(ctx, orCtx.OwnerID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+		w, err = webhook.GetWebhookByOwnerID(ctx, orCtx.OwnerID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	} else if orCtx.IsAdmin {
-		w, err = webhook.GetSystemOrDefaultWebhook(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+		w, err = webhook.GetSystemOrDefaultWebhook(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	}
 	if err != nil || w == nil {
 		if webhook.IsErrWebhookNotExist(err) {
@@ -645,7 +645,7 @@ func WebHooksEdit(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // TestWebhook test if web hook is work fine
 func TestWebhook(ctx *context.Context) {
-	hookID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":id")
+	hookID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":id")
 	w, err := webhook.GetWebhookByRepoID(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository.ID, hookID)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.Flash.Error("GetWebhookByRepoID: " + err.Error())
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ func TestWebhook(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // ReplayWebhook replays a webhook
 func ReplayWebhook(ctx *context.Context) {
-	hookTaskUUID := ctx.Params(":uuid")
+	hookTaskUUID := ctx.PathParam(":uuid")
 
 	orCtx, w := checkWebhook(ctx)
 	if ctx.Written() {
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/view.go b/routers/web/repo/view.go
index 0aa3fe1efd77b..203dac74397e0 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/view.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/view.go
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ func renderReadmeFile(ctx *context.Context, subfolder string, readmeFile *git.Tr
 
 	rd := charset.ToUTF8WithFallbackReader(io.MultiReader(bytes.NewReader(buf), dataRc), charset.ConvertOpts{})
 
-	if markupType := markup.Type(readmeFile.Name()); markupType != "" {
+	if markupType := markup.DetectMarkupTypeByFileName(readmeFile.Name()); markupType != "" {
 		ctx.Data["IsMarkup"] = true
 		ctx.Data["MarkupType"] = markupType
 
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ func renderFile(ctx *context.Context, entry *git.TreeEntry) {
 		readmeExist := util.IsReadmeFileName(blob.Name())
 		ctx.Data["ReadmeExist"] = readmeExist
 
-		markupType := markup.Type(blob.Name())
+		markupType := markup.DetectMarkupTypeByFileName(blob.Name())
 		// If the markup is detected by custom markup renderer it should not be reset later on
 		// to not pass it down to the render context.
 		detected := false
@@ -607,7 +607,7 @@ func renderFile(ctx *context.Context, entry *git.TreeEntry) {
 
 		// TODO: this logic duplicates with "isRepresentableAsText=true", it is not the same as "LFSFileGet" in "lfs.go"
 		// It is used by "external renders", markupRender will execute external programs to get rendered content.
-		if markupType := markup.Type(blob.Name()); markupType != "" {
+		if markupType := markup.DetectMarkupTypeByFileName(blob.Name()); markupType != "" {
 			rd := io.MultiReader(bytes.NewReader(buf), dataRc)
 			ctx.Data["IsMarkup"] = true
 			ctx.Data["MarkupType"] = markupType
@@ -772,7 +772,7 @@ func checkCitationFile(ctx *context.Context, entry *git.TreeEntry) {
 // Home render repository home page
 func Home(ctx *context.Context) {
 	if setting.Other.EnableFeed {
-		isFeed, _, showFeedType := feed.GetFeedType(ctx.Params(":reponame"), ctx.Req)
+		isFeed, _, showFeedType := feed.GetFeedType(ctx.PathParam(":reponame"), ctx.Req)
 		if isFeed {
 			switch {
 			case ctx.Link == fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s", ctx.Repo.RepoLink, showFeedType):
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/wiki.go b/routers/web/repo/wiki.go
index df15f61b173ff..ff6397cd2a82e 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/wiki.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/wiki.go
@@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ func Wiki(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	wikiPath := entry.Name()
-	if markup.Type(wikiPath) != markdown.MarkupName {
+	if markup.DetectMarkupTypeByFileName(wikiPath) != markdown.MarkupName {
 		ext := strings.ToUpper(filepath.Ext(wikiPath))
 		ctx.Data["FormatWarning"] = fmt.Sprintf("%s rendering is not supported at the moment. Rendered as Markdown.", ext)
 	}
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/wiki_test.go b/routers/web/repo/wiki_test.go
index 4602dcfeb40e0..7de5899e21c1b 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/wiki_test.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/wiki_test.go
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ func TestWiki(t *testing.T) {
 	unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1/wiki")
-	ctx.SetParams("*", "Home")
+	ctx.SetPathParam("*", "Home")
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 	Wiki(ctx)
 	assert.EqualValues(t, http.StatusOK, ctx.Resp.Status())
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ func TestEditWiki(t *testing.T) {
 	unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1/wiki/Home?action=_edit")
-	ctx.SetParams("*", "Home")
+	ctx.SetPathParam("*", "Home")
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 	EditWiki(ctx)
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ func TestEditWikiPost(t *testing.T) {
 	} {
 		unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 		ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1/wiki/Home?action=_new")
-		ctx.SetParams("*", "Home")
+		ctx.SetPathParam("*", "Home")
 		contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
 		contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 		web.SetForm(ctx, &forms.NewWikiForm{
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ func TestWikiRaw(t *testing.T) {
 		unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 
 		ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1/wiki/raw/"+url.PathEscape(filepath))
-		ctx.SetParams("*", filepath)
+		ctx.SetPathParam("*", filepath)
 		contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
 		contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 		WikiRaw(ctx)
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ func TestDefaultWikiBranch(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, repo_model.UpdateRepositoryCols(db.DefaultContext, &repo_model.Repository{ID: 1, DefaultWikiBranch: "wrong-branch"}))
 
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1/wiki")
-	ctx.SetParams("*", "Home")
+	ctx.SetPathParam("*", "Home")
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 	assert.Equal(t, "wrong-branch", ctx.Repo.Repository.DefaultWikiBranch)
 	Wiki(ctx) // after the visiting, the out-of-sync database record will update the branch name to "master"
diff --git a/routers/web/shared/actions/variables.go b/routers/web/shared/actions/variables.go
index 79c03e4e8ca21..5c5768243ab30 100644
--- a/routers/web/shared/actions/variables.go
+++ b/routers/web/shared/actions/variables.go
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func CreateVariable(ctx *context.Context, ownerID, repoID int64, redirectURL str
 }
 
 func UpdateVariable(ctx *context.Context, redirectURL string) {
-	id := ctx.ParamsInt64(":variable_id")
+	id := ctx.PathParamInt64(":variable_id")
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*forms.EditVariableForm)
 
 	if ok, err := actions_service.UpdateVariable(ctx, id, form.Name, form.Data); err != nil || !ok {
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ func UpdateVariable(ctx *context.Context, redirectURL string) {
 }
 
 func DeleteVariable(ctx *context.Context, redirectURL string) {
-	id := ctx.ParamsInt64(":variable_id")
+	id := ctx.PathParamInt64(":variable_id")
 
 	if err := actions_service.DeleteVariableByID(ctx, id); err != nil {
 		log.Error("Delete variable [%d] failed: %v", id, err)
diff --git a/routers/web/shared/packages/packages.go b/routers/web/shared/packages/packages.go
index 57671ad8f14bc..1d3cabf71b4ec 100644
--- a/routers/web/shared/packages/packages.go
+++ b/routers/web/shared/packages/packages.go
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ func SetRulePreviewContext(ctx *context.Context, owner *user_model.User) {
 func getCleanupRuleByContext(ctx *context.Context, owner *user_model.User) *packages_model.PackageCleanupRule {
 	id := ctx.FormInt64("id")
 	if id == 0 {
-		id = ctx.ParamsInt64("id")
+		id = ctx.PathParamInt64("id")
 	}
 
 	pcr, err := packages_model.GetCleanupRuleByID(ctx, id)
diff --git a/routers/web/shared/project/column.go b/routers/web/shared/project/column.go
index 599842ea9e9bc..ba1f527beaafe 100644
--- a/routers/web/shared/project/column.go
+++ b/routers/web/shared/project/column.go
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 
 // MoveColumns moves or keeps columns in a project and sorts them inside that project
 func MoveColumns(ctx *context.Context) {
-	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64(":id"))
+	project, err := project_model.GetProjectByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64(":id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.NotFoundOrServerError("GetProjectByID", project_model.IsErrProjectNotExist, err)
 		return
diff --git a/routers/web/user/avatar.go b/routers/web/user/avatar.go
index 04f510161db62..7000e2577857b 100644
--- a/routers/web/user/avatar.go
+++ b/routers/web/user/avatar.go
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ func cacheableRedirect(ctx *context.Context, location string) {
 
 // AvatarByUserName redirect browser to user avatar of requested size
 func AvatarByUserName(ctx *context.Context) {
-	userName := ctx.Params(":username")
-	size := int(ctx.ParamsInt64(":size"))
+	userName := ctx.PathParam(":username")
+	size := int(ctx.PathParamInt64(":size"))
 
 	var user *user_model.User
 	if strings.ToLower(userName) != user_model.GhostUserLowerName {
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ func AvatarByUserName(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // AvatarByEmailHash redirects the browser to the email avatar link
 func AvatarByEmailHash(ctx *context.Context) {
-	hash := ctx.Params(":hash")
+	hash := ctx.PathParam(":hash")
 	email, err := avatars.GetEmailForHash(ctx, hash)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("invalid avatar hash: "+hash, err)
diff --git a/routers/web/user/home.go b/routers/web/user/home.go
index b03a51403048a..e94433b3c5898 100644
--- a/routers/web/user/home.go
+++ b/routers/web/user/home.go
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ const (
 // getDashboardContextUser finds out which context user dashboard is being viewed as .
 func getDashboardContextUser(ctx *context.Context) *user_model.User {
 	ctxUser := ctx.Doer
-	orgName := ctx.Params(":org")
+	orgName := ctx.PathParam(":org")
 	if len(orgName) > 0 {
 		ctxUser = ctx.Org.Organization.AsUser()
 		ctx.Data["Teams"] = ctx.Org.Teams
@@ -714,9 +714,9 @@ func ShowGPGKeys(ctx *context.Context) {
 func UsernameSubRoute(ctx *context.Context) {
 	// WORKAROUND to support usernames with "." in it
 	// https://github.com/go-chi/chi/issues/781
-	username := ctx.Params("username")
+	username := ctx.PathParam("username")
 	reloadParam := func(suffix string) (success bool) {
-		ctx.SetParams("username", strings.TrimSuffix(username, suffix))
+		ctx.SetPathParam("username", strings.TrimSuffix(username, suffix))
 		context.UserAssignmentWeb()(ctx)
 		if ctx.Written() {
 			return false
diff --git a/routers/web/user/home_test.go b/routers/web/user/home_test.go
index 1cc9886308c35..51246551ea2d8 100644
--- a/routers/web/user/home_test.go
+++ b/routers/web/user/home_test.go
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ func TestMilestones(t *testing.T) {
 
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "milestones")
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
-	ctx.SetParams("sort", "issues")
+	ctx.SetPathParam("sort", "issues")
 	ctx.Req.Form.Set("state", "closed")
 	ctx.Req.Form.Set("sort", "furthestduedate")
 	Milestones(ctx)
@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ func TestMilestonesForSpecificRepo(t *testing.T) {
 
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "milestones")
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
-	ctx.SetParams("sort", "issues")
-	ctx.SetParams("repo", "1")
+	ctx.SetPathParam("sort", "issues")
+	ctx.SetPathParam("repo", "1")
 	ctx.Req.Form.Set("state", "closed")
 	ctx.Req.Form.Set("sort", "furthestduedate")
 	Milestones(ctx)
diff --git a/routers/web/user/package.go b/routers/web/user/package.go
index dad4c8f602a57..4e39eabc0ffde 100644
--- a/routers/web/user/package.go
+++ b/routers/web/user/package.go
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ func ListPackages(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // RedirectToLastVersion redirects to the latest package version
 func RedirectToLastVersion(ctx *context.Context) {
-	p, err := packages_model.GetPackageByName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.Type(ctx.Params("type")), ctx.Params("name"))
+	p, err := packages_model.GetPackageByName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.Type(ctx.PathParam("type")), ctx.PathParam("name"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if err == packages_model.ErrPackageNotExist {
 			ctx.NotFound("GetPackageByName", err)
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ func ViewPackageVersion(ctx *context.Context) {
 // ListPackageVersions lists all versions of a package
 func ListPackageVersions(ctx *context.Context) {
 	shared_user.PrepareContextForProfileBigAvatar(ctx)
-	p, err := packages_model.GetPackageByName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.Type(ctx.Params("type")), ctx.Params("name"))
+	p, err := packages_model.GetPackageByName(ctx, ctx.Package.Owner.ID, packages_model.Type(ctx.PathParam("type")), ctx.PathParam("name"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if err == packages_model.ErrPackageNotExist {
 			ctx.NotFound("GetPackageByName", err)
@@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ func PackageSettingsPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // DownloadPackageFile serves the content of a package file
 func DownloadPackageFile(ctx *context.Context) {
-	pf, err := packages_model.GetFileForVersionByID(ctx, ctx.Package.Descriptor.Version.ID, ctx.ParamsInt64(":fileid"))
+	pf, err := packages_model.GetFileForVersionByID(ctx, ctx.Package.Descriptor.Version.ID, ctx.PathParamInt64(":fileid"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if err == packages_model.ErrPackageFileNotExist {
 			ctx.NotFound("", err)
diff --git a/routers/web/user/setting/oauth2_common.go b/routers/web/user/setting/oauth2_common.go
index 85d1e820a5144..4477dc570f80b 100644
--- a/routers/web/user/setting/oauth2_common.go
+++ b/routers/web/user/setting/oauth2_common.go
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ func (oa *OAuth2CommonHandlers) AddApp(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // EditShow displays the given application
 func (oa *OAuth2CommonHandlers) EditShow(ctx *context.Context) {
-	app, err := auth.GetOAuth2ApplicationByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64("id"))
+	app, err := auth.GetOAuth2ApplicationByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64("id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if auth.IsErrOAuthApplicationNotFound(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("Application not found", err)
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ func (oa *OAuth2CommonHandlers) EditSave(ctx *context.Context) {
 	// TODO validate redirect URI
 	var err error
 	if ctx.Data["App"], err = auth.UpdateOAuth2Application(ctx, auth.UpdateOAuth2ApplicationOptions{
-		ID:                 ctx.ParamsInt64("id"),
+		ID:                 ctx.PathParamInt64("id"),
 		Name:               form.Name,
 		RedirectURIs:       util.SplitTrimSpace(form.RedirectURIs, "\n"),
 		UserID:             oa.OwnerID,
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ func (oa *OAuth2CommonHandlers) EditSave(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // RegenerateSecret regenerates the secret
 func (oa *OAuth2CommonHandlers) RegenerateSecret(ctx *context.Context) {
-	app, err := auth.GetOAuth2ApplicationByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64("id"))
+	app, err := auth.GetOAuth2ApplicationByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64("id"))
 	if err != nil {
 		if auth.IsErrOAuthApplicationNotFound(err) {
 			ctx.NotFound("Application not found", err)
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ func (oa *OAuth2CommonHandlers) RegenerateSecret(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // DeleteApp deletes the given oauth2 application
 func (oa *OAuth2CommonHandlers) DeleteApp(ctx *context.Context) {
-	if err := auth.DeleteOAuth2Application(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64("id"), oa.OwnerID); err != nil {
+	if err := auth.DeleteOAuth2Application(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64("id"), oa.OwnerID); err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("DeleteOAuth2Application", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ func (oa *OAuth2CommonHandlers) DeleteApp(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // RevokeGrant revokes the grant
 func (oa *OAuth2CommonHandlers) RevokeGrant(ctx *context.Context) {
-	if err := auth.RevokeOAuth2Grant(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64("grantId"), oa.OwnerID); err != nil {
+	if err := auth.RevokeOAuth2Grant(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64("grantId"), oa.OwnerID); err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("RevokeOAuth2Grant", err)
 		return
 	}
diff --git a/routers/web/user/task.go b/routers/web/user/task.go
index 8476767e9e025..475ef16212f0b 100644
--- a/routers/web/user/task.go
+++ b/routers/web/user/task.go
@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ import (
 
 // TaskStatus returns task's status
 func TaskStatus(ctx *context.Context) {
-	task, opts, err := admin_model.GetMigratingTaskByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64("task"), ctx.Doer.ID)
+	task, opts, err := admin_model.GetMigratingTaskByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64("task"), ctx.Doer.ID)
 	if err != nil {
 		if admin_model.IsErrTaskDoesNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, map[string]any{
-				"error": "task `" + strconv.FormatInt(ctx.ParamsInt64("task"), 10) + "` does not exist",
+				"error": "task `" + strconv.FormatInt(ctx.PathParamInt64("task"), 10) + "` does not exist",
 			})
 			return
 		}
diff --git a/routers/web/web.go b/routers/web/web.go
index 08f5d3d068a14..9f9a1bb0988e6 100644
--- a/routers/web/web.go
+++ b/routers/web/web.go
@@ -226,8 +226,8 @@ func ctxDataSet(args ...any) func(ctx *context.Context) {
 }
 
 // Routes returns all web routes
-func Routes() *web.Route {
-	routes := web.NewRoute()
+func Routes() *web.Router {
+	routes := web.NewRouter()
 
 	routes.Head("/", misc.DummyOK) // for health check - doesn't need to be passed through gzip handler
 	routes.Methods("GET, HEAD, OPTIONS", "/assets/*", optionsCorsHandler(), public.FileHandlerFunc())
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ func Routes() *web.Route {
 	mid = append(mid, repo.GetActiveStopwatch)
 	mid = append(mid, goGet)
 
-	others := web.NewRoute()
+	others := web.NewRouter()
 	others.Use(mid...)
 	registerRoutes(others)
 	routes.Mount("", others)
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ func Routes() *web.Route {
 var ignSignInAndCsrf = verifyAuthWithOptions(&common.VerifyOptions{DisableCSRF: true})
 
 // registerRoutes register routes
-func registerRoutes(m *web.Route) {
+func registerRoutes(m *web.Router) {
 	reqSignIn := verifyAuthWithOptions(&common.VerifyOptions{SignInRequired: true})
 	reqSignOut := verifyAuthWithOptions(&common.VerifyOptions{SignOutRequired: true})
 	// TODO: rename them to "optSignIn", which means that the "sign-in" could be optional, depends on the VerifyOptions (RequireSignInView)
@@ -384,18 +384,18 @@ func registerRoutes(m *web.Route) {
 		return func(ctx *context.Context) {
 			// only check global disabled units when ignoreGlobal is false
 			if !ignoreGlobal && unitType.UnitGlobalDisabled() {
-				ctx.NotFound(unitType.String(), nil)
+				ctx.NotFound("Repo unit is is disabled: "+unitType.LogString(), nil)
 				return
 			}
 
 			if ctx.ContextUser == nil {
-				ctx.NotFound(unitType.String(), nil)
+				ctx.NotFound("ContextUser is nil", nil)
 				return
 			}
 
 			if ctx.ContextUser.IsOrganization() {
 				if ctx.Org.Organization.UnitPermission(ctx, ctx.Doer, unitType) < accessMode {
-					ctx.NotFound(unitType.String(), nil)
+					ctx.NotFound("ContextUser is org but doer has no access to unit", nil)
 					return
 				}
 			}
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ func registerRoutes(m *web.Route) {
 		m.Get("/organizations", explore.Organizations)
 		m.Get("/code", func(ctx *context.Context) {
 			if unit.TypeCode.UnitGlobalDisabled() {
-				ctx.NotFound(unit.TypeCode.String(), nil)
+				ctx.NotFound("Repo unit code is disabled", nil)
 				return
 			}
 		}, explore.Code)
diff --git a/services/context/api.go b/services/context/api.go
index c684add297d13..84da526e748f8 100644
--- a/services/context/api.go
+++ b/services/context/api.go
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ func RepoRefForAPI(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
 			}
 			ctx.Repo.Commit = commit
 			ctx.Repo.CommitID = ctx.Repo.Commit.ID.String()
-			ctx.Repo.TreePath = ctx.Params("*")
+			ctx.Repo.TreePath = ctx.PathParam("*")
 			next.ServeHTTP(w, req)
 			return
 		}
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ func RepoRefForAPI(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
 				return
 			}
 		} else {
-			ctx.NotFound(fmt.Errorf("not exist: '%s'", ctx.Params("*")))
+			ctx.NotFound(fmt.Errorf("not exist: '%s'", ctx.PathParam("*")))
 			return
 		}
 
diff --git a/services/context/base.go b/services/context/base.go
index 23f0bcfc33ba6..68619bf067800 100644
--- a/services/context/base.go
+++ b/services/context/base.go
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/json"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/optional"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/translation"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/web/middleware"
 
@@ -142,24 +143,28 @@ func (b *Base) RemoteAddr() string {
 	return b.Req.RemoteAddr
 }
 
-// Params returns the param on route
-func (b *Base) Params(p string) string {
-	s, _ := url.PathUnescape(chi.URLParam(b.Req, strings.TrimPrefix(p, ":")))
+// PathParam returns the param in request path, eg: "/{var}" => "/a%2fb", then `var == "a/b"`
+func (b *Base) PathParam(name string) string {
+	s, err := url.PathUnescape(b.PathParamRaw(name))
+	if err != nil && !setting.IsProd {
+		panic("Failed to unescape path param: " + err.Error() + ", there seems to be a double-unescaping bug")
+	}
 	return s
 }
 
-func (b *Base) PathParamRaw(p string) string {
-	return chi.URLParam(b.Req, strings.TrimPrefix(p, ":"))
+// PathParamRaw returns the raw param in request path, eg: "/{var}" => "/a%2fb", then `var == "a%2fb"`
+func (b *Base) PathParamRaw(name string) string {
+	return chi.URLParam(b.Req, strings.TrimPrefix(name, ":"))
 }
 
-// ParamsInt64 returns the param on route as int64
-func (b *Base) ParamsInt64(p string) int64 {
-	v, _ := strconv.ParseInt(b.Params(p), 10, 64)
+// PathParamInt64 returns the param in request path as int64
+func (b *Base) PathParamInt64(p string) int64 {
+	v, _ := strconv.ParseInt(b.PathParam(p), 10, 64)
 	return v
 }
 
-// SetParams set params into routes
-func (b *Base) SetParams(k, v string) {
+// SetPathParam set request path params into routes
+func (b *Base) SetPathParam(k, v string) {
 	chiCtx := chi.RouteContext(b)
 	chiCtx.URLParams.Add(strings.TrimPrefix(k, ":"), url.PathEscape(v))
 }
diff --git a/services/context/context.go b/services/context/context.go
index aab0485f1a494..69b65cbddbc92 100644
--- a/services/context/context.go
+++ b/services/context/context.go
@@ -210,16 +210,9 @@ func Contexter() func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
 			// FIXME: do we really always need these setting? There should be someway to have to avoid having to always set these
 			ctx.Data["DisableMigrations"] = setting.Repository.DisableMigrations
 			ctx.Data["DisableStars"] = setting.Repository.DisableStars
-			ctx.Data["EnableActions"] = setting.Actions.Enabled
+			ctx.Data["EnableActions"] = setting.Actions.Enabled && !unit.TypeActions.UnitGlobalDisabled()
 
 			ctx.Data["ManifestData"] = setting.ManifestData
-
-			ctx.Data["UnitWikiGlobalDisabled"] = unit.TypeWiki.UnitGlobalDisabled()
-			ctx.Data["UnitIssuesGlobalDisabled"] = unit.TypeIssues.UnitGlobalDisabled()
-			ctx.Data["UnitPullsGlobalDisabled"] = unit.TypePullRequests.UnitGlobalDisabled()
-			ctx.Data["UnitProjectsGlobalDisabled"] = unit.TypeProjects.UnitGlobalDisabled()
-			ctx.Data["UnitActionsGlobalDisabled"] = unit.TypeActions.UnitGlobalDisabled()
-
 			ctx.Data["AllLangs"] = translation.AllLangs()
 
 			next.ServeHTTP(ctx.Resp, ctx.Req)
diff --git a/services/context/org.go b/services/context/org.go
index 018b76de43a03..7eba80ff96b1f 100644
--- a/services/context/org.go
+++ b/services/context/org.go
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func (org *Organization) CanReadUnit(ctx *Context, unitType unit.Type) bool {
 }
 
 func GetOrganizationByParams(ctx *Context) {
-	orgName := ctx.Params(":org")
+	orgName := ctx.PathParam(":org")
 
 	var err error
 
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ func HandleOrgAssignment(ctx *Context, args ...bool) {
 		ctx.Data["NumTeams"] = len(ctx.Org.Teams)
 	}
 
-	teamName := ctx.Params(":team")
+	teamName := ctx.PathParam(":team")
 	if len(teamName) > 0 {
 		teamExists := false
 		for _, team := range ctx.Org.Teams {
diff --git a/services/context/package.go b/services/context/package.go
index c452c657e782c..271b61e99c323 100644
--- a/services/context/package.go
+++ b/services/context/package.go
@@ -68,9 +68,9 @@ func packageAssignment(ctx *packageAssignmentCtx, errCb func(int, string, any))
 		return pkg
 	}
 
-	packageType := ctx.Params("type")
-	name := ctx.Params("name")
-	version := ctx.Params("version")
+	packageType := ctx.PathParam("type")
+	name := ctx.PathParam("name")
+	version := ctx.PathParam("version")
 	if packageType != "" && name != "" && version != "" {
 		pv, err := packages_model.GetVersionByNameAndVersion(ctx, pkg.Owner.ID, packages_model.Type(packageType), name, version)
 		if err != nil {
diff --git a/services/context/repo.go b/services/context/repo.go
index d9a3feaf272e4..e0d3a0bfd3e43 100644
--- a/services/context/repo.go
+++ b/services/context/repo.go
@@ -319,8 +319,8 @@ func ComposeGoGetImport(owner, repo string) string {
 // This is particular a workaround for "go get" command which does not respect
 // .netrc file.
 func EarlyResponseForGoGetMeta(ctx *Context) {
-	username := ctx.Params(":username")
-	reponame := strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.Params(":reponame"), ".git")
+	username := ctx.PathParam(":username")
+	reponame := strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.PathParam(":reponame"), ".git")
 	if username == "" || reponame == "" {
 		ctx.PlainText(http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid repository path")
 		return
@@ -339,8 +339,8 @@ func EarlyResponseForGoGetMeta(ctx *Context) {
 
 // RedirectToRepo redirect to a differently-named repository
 func RedirectToRepo(ctx *Base, redirectRepoID int64) {
-	ownerName := ctx.Params(":username")
-	previousRepoName := ctx.Params(":reponame")
+	ownerName := ctx.PathParam(":username")
+	previousRepoName := ctx.PathParam(":reponame")
 
 	repo, err := repo_model.GetRepositoryByID(ctx, redirectRepoID)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -419,8 +419,8 @@ func RepoAssignment(ctx *Context) context.CancelFunc {
 		err   error
 	)
 
-	userName := ctx.Params(":username")
-	repoName := ctx.Params(":reponame")
+	userName := ctx.PathParam(":username")
+	repoName := ctx.PathParam(":reponame")
 	repoName = strings.TrimSuffix(repoName, ".git")
 	if setting.Other.EnableFeed {
 		repoName = strings.TrimSuffix(repoName, ".rss")
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ func RepoAssignment(ctx *Context) context.CancelFunc {
 	if strings.HasSuffix(repoName, ".wiki") {
 		// ctx.Req.URL.Path does not have the preceding appSubURL - any redirect must have this added
 		// Now we happen to know that all of our paths are: /:username/:reponame/whatever_else
-		originalRepoName := ctx.Params(":reponame")
+		originalRepoName := ctx.PathParam(":reponame")
 		redirectRepoName := strings.TrimSuffix(repoName, ".wiki")
 		redirectRepoName += originalRepoName[len(redirectRepoName)+5:]
 		redirectPath := strings.Replace(
@@ -801,7 +801,7 @@ func getRefNameFromPath(repo *Repository, path string, isExist func(string) bool
 }
 
 func getRefName(ctx *Base, repo *Repository, pathType RepoRefType) string {
-	path := ctx.Params("*")
+	path := ctx.PathParam("*")
 	switch pathType {
 	case RepoRefLegacy, RepoRefAny:
 		if refName := getRefName(ctx, repo, RepoRefBranch); len(refName) > 0 {
@@ -917,7 +917,7 @@ func RepoRefByType(refType RepoRefType, ignoreNotExistErr ...bool) func(*Context
 		}
 
 		// Get default branch.
-		if len(ctx.Params("*")) == 0 {
+		if len(ctx.PathParam("*")) == 0 {
 			refName = ctx.Repo.Repository.DefaultBranch
 			if !ctx.Repo.GitRepo.IsBranchExist(refName) {
 				brs, _, err := ctx.Repo.GitRepo.GetBranches(0, 1)
@@ -1005,13 +1005,13 @@ func RepoRefByType(refType RepoRefType, ignoreNotExistErr ...bool) func(*Context
 
 			if refType == RepoRefLegacy {
 				// redirect from old URL scheme to new URL scheme
-				prefix := strings.TrimPrefix(setting.AppSubURL+strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.Req.URL.Path, ctx.Params("*"))), strings.ToLower(ctx.Repo.RepoLink))
-
-				ctx.Redirect(path.Join(
+				prefix := strings.TrimPrefix(setting.AppSubURL+strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.Req.URL.Path, ctx.PathParam("*"))), strings.ToLower(ctx.Repo.RepoLink))
+				redirect := path.Join(
 					ctx.Repo.RepoLink,
 					util.PathEscapeSegments(prefix),
 					ctx.Repo.BranchNameSubURL(),
-					util.PathEscapeSegments(ctx.Repo.TreePath)))
+					util.PathEscapeSegments(ctx.Repo.TreePath))
+				ctx.Redirect(redirect)
 				return cancel
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/services/context/upload/upload.go b/services/context/upload/upload.go
index 77a7eb9377362..7123420e99284 100644
--- a/services/context/upload/upload.go
+++ b/services/context/upload/upload.go
@@ -86,8 +86,8 @@ func AddUploadContext(ctx *context.Context, uploadType string) {
 	} else if uploadType == "comment" {
 		ctx.Data["UploadUrl"] = ctx.Repo.RepoLink + "/issues/attachments"
 		ctx.Data["UploadRemoveUrl"] = ctx.Repo.RepoLink + "/issues/attachments/remove"
-		if len(ctx.Params(":index")) > 0 {
-			ctx.Data["UploadLinkUrl"] = ctx.Repo.RepoLink + "/issues/" + url.PathEscape(ctx.Params(":index")) + "/attachments"
+		if len(ctx.PathParam(":index")) > 0 {
+			ctx.Data["UploadLinkUrl"] = ctx.Repo.RepoLink + "/issues/" + url.PathEscape(ctx.PathParam(":index")) + "/attachments"
 		} else {
 			ctx.Data["UploadLinkUrl"] = ctx.Repo.RepoLink + "/issues/attachments"
 		}
diff --git a/services/context/user.go b/services/context/user.go
index 4c9cd2928b94d..b0e855e923185 100644
--- a/services/context/user.go
+++ b/services/context/user.go
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ func UserAssignmentWeb() func(ctx *Context) {
 // UserIDAssignmentAPI returns a middleware to handle context-user assignment for api routes
 func UserIDAssignmentAPI() func(ctx *APIContext) {
 	return func(ctx *APIContext) {
-		userID := ctx.ParamsInt64(":user-id")
+		userID := ctx.PathParamInt64(":user-id")
 
 		if ctx.IsSigned && ctx.Doer.ID == userID {
 			ctx.ContextUser = ctx.Doer
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ func UserAssignmentAPI() func(ctx *APIContext) {
 }
 
 func userAssignment(ctx *Base, doer *user_model.User, errCb func(int, string, any)) (contextUser *user_model.User) {
-	username := ctx.Params(":username")
+	username := ctx.PathParam(":username")
 
 	if doer != nil && doer.LowerName == strings.ToLower(username) {
 		contextUser = doer
diff --git a/services/externalaccount/user.go b/services/externalaccount/user.go
index e2de41da188e5..3cfd8c81f9fc7 100644
--- a/services/externalaccount/user.go
+++ b/services/externalaccount/user.go
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ package externalaccount
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/auth"
@@ -82,6 +83,11 @@ func UpdateExternalUser(ctx context.Context, user *user_model.User, gothUser got
 
 // UpdateMigrationsByType updates all migrated repositories' posterid from gitServiceType to replace originalAuthorID to posterID
 func UpdateMigrationsByType(ctx context.Context, tp structs.GitServiceType, externalUserID string, userID int64) error {
+	// Skip update if externalUserID is not a valid numeric ID or exceeds int64
+	if _, err := strconv.ParseInt(externalUserID, 10, 64); err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
 	if err := issues_model.UpdateIssuesMigrationsByType(ctx, tp, externalUserID, userID); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
diff --git a/services/lfs/locks.go b/services/lfs/locks.go
index 2a362b1c0d4c7..4254c99383fa1 100644
--- a/services/lfs/locks.go
+++ b/services/lfs/locks.go
@@ -136,8 +136,8 @@ func GetListLockHandler(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // PostLockHandler create lock
 func PostLockHandler(ctx *context.Context) {
-	userName := ctx.Params("username")
-	repoName := strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.Params("reponame"), ".git")
+	userName := ctx.PathParam("username")
+	repoName := strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.PathParam("reponame"), ".git")
 	authorization := ctx.Req.Header.Get("Authorization")
 
 	repository, err := repo_model.GetRepositoryByOwnerAndName(ctx, userName, repoName)
@@ -208,8 +208,8 @@ func PostLockHandler(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // VerifyLockHandler list locks for verification
 func VerifyLockHandler(ctx *context.Context) {
-	userName := ctx.Params("username")
-	repoName := strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.Params("reponame"), ".git")
+	userName := ctx.PathParam("username")
+	repoName := strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.PathParam("reponame"), ".git")
 	authorization := ctx.Req.Header.Get("Authorization")
 
 	repository, err := repo_model.GetRepositoryByOwnerAndName(ctx, userName, repoName)
@@ -279,8 +279,8 @@ func VerifyLockHandler(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 // UnLockHandler delete locks
 func UnLockHandler(ctx *context.Context) {
-	userName := ctx.Params("username")
-	repoName := strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.Params("reponame"), ".git")
+	userName := ctx.PathParam("username")
+	repoName := strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.PathParam("reponame"), ".git")
 	authorization := ctx.Req.Header.Get("Authorization")
 
 	repository, err := repo_model.GetRepositoryByOwnerAndName(ctx, userName, repoName)
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ func UnLockHandler(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	lock, err := git_model.DeleteLFSLockByID(ctx, ctx.ParamsInt64("lid"), repository, ctx.Doer, req.Force)
+	lock, err := git_model.DeleteLFSLockByID(ctx, ctx.PathParamInt64("lid"), repository, ctx.Doer, req.Force)
 	if err != nil {
 		if git_model.IsErrLFSUnauthorizedAction(err) {
 			ctx.Resp.Header().Set("WWW-Authenticate", "Basic realm=gitea-lfs")
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ func UnLockHandler(ctx *context.Context) {
 			})
 			return
 		}
-		log.Error("Unable to DeleteLFSLockByID[%d] by user %-v with force %t: Error: %v", ctx.ParamsInt64("lid"), ctx.Doer, req.Force, err)
+		log.Error("Unable to DeleteLFSLockByID[%d] by user %-v with force %t: Error: %v", ctx.PathParamInt64("lid"), ctx.Doer, req.Force, err)
 		ctx.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, api.LFSLockError{
 			Message: "unable to delete lock : Internal Server Error",
 		})
diff --git a/services/lfs/server.go b/services/lfs/server.go
index ae3dffe0c2912..751dac64a02f9 100644
--- a/services/lfs/server.go
+++ b/services/lfs/server.go
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ var rangeHeaderRegexp = regexp.MustCompile(`bytes=(\d+)\-(\d*).*`)
 // DownloadHandler gets the content from the content store
 func DownloadHandler(ctx *context.Context) {
 	rc := getRequestContext(ctx)
-	p := lfs_module.Pointer{Oid: ctx.Params("oid")}
+	p := lfs_module.Pointer{Oid: ctx.PathParam("oid")}
 
 	meta := getAuthenticatedMeta(ctx, rc, p, false)
 	if meta == nil {
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ func DownloadHandler(ctx *context.Context) {
 	ctx.Resp.Header().Set("Content-Length", strconv.FormatInt(contentLength, 10))
 	ctx.Resp.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream")
 
-	filename := ctx.Params("filename")
+	filename := ctx.PathParam("filename")
 	if len(filename) > 0 {
 		decodedFilename, err := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(filename)
 		if err == nil {
@@ -272,9 +272,9 @@ func BatchHandler(ctx *context.Context) {
 func UploadHandler(ctx *context.Context) {
 	rc := getRequestContext(ctx)
 
-	p := lfs_module.Pointer{Oid: ctx.Params("oid")}
+	p := lfs_module.Pointer{Oid: ctx.PathParam("oid")}
 	var err error
-	if p.Size, err = strconv.ParseInt(ctx.Params("size"), 10, 64); err != nil {
+	if p.Size, err = strconv.ParseInt(ctx.PathParam("size"), 10, 64); err != nil {
 		writeStatusMessage(ctx, http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, err.Error())
 	}
 
@@ -384,8 +384,8 @@ func decodeJSON(req *http.Request, v any) error {
 
 func getRequestContext(ctx *context.Context) *requestContext {
 	return &requestContext{
-		User:          ctx.Params("username"),
-		Repo:          strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.Params("reponame"), ".git"),
+		User:          ctx.PathParam("username"),
+		Repo:          strings.TrimSuffix(ctx.PathParam("reponame"), ".git"),
 		Authorization: ctx.Req.Header.Get("Authorization"),
 	}
 }
diff --git a/services/repository/files/content_test.go b/services/repository/files/content_test.go
index 4811f9d327a13..a899be70e3386 100644
--- a/services/repository/files/content_test.go
+++ b/services/repository/files/content_test.go
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ func getExpectedReadmeContentsResponse() *api.ContentsResponse {
 func TestGetContents(t *testing.T) {
 	unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1")
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 	contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ func TestGetContents(t *testing.T) {
 func TestGetContentsOrListForDir(t *testing.T) {
 	unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1")
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 	contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ func TestGetContentsOrListForDir(t *testing.T) {
 func TestGetContentsOrListForFile(t *testing.T) {
 	unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1")
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 	contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ func TestGetContentsOrListForFile(t *testing.T) {
 func TestGetContentsErrors(t *testing.T) {
 	unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1")
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 	contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ func TestGetContentsErrors(t *testing.T) {
 func TestGetContentsOrListErrors(t *testing.T) {
 	unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1")
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 	contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ func TestGetContentsOrListErrors(t *testing.T) {
 func TestGetContentsOrListOfEmptyRepos(t *testing.T) {
 	unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user30/empty")
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "52")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "52")
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 52)
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 30)
 	contexttest.LoadGitRepo(t, ctx)
@@ -231,15 +231,15 @@ func TestGetBlobBySHA(t *testing.T) {
 	defer ctx.Repo.GitRepo.Close()
 
 	sha := "65f1bf27bc3bf70f64657658635e66094edbcb4d"
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
-	ctx.SetParams(":sha", sha)
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":sha", sha)
 
 	gitRepo, err := gitrepo.OpenRepository(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fail()
 	}
 
-	gbr, err := GetBlobBySHA(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository, gitRepo, ctx.Params(":sha"))
+	gbr, err := GetBlobBySHA(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository, gitRepo, ctx.PathParam(":sha"))
 	expectedGBR := &api.GitBlobResponse{
 		Content:  "dHJlZSAyYTJmMWQ0NjcwNzI4YTJlMTAwNDllMzQ1YmQ3YTI3NjQ2OGJlYWI2CmF1dGhvciB1c2VyMSA8YWRkcmVzczFAZXhhbXBsZS5jb20+IDE0ODk5NTY0NzkgLTA0MDAKY29tbWl0dGVyIEV0aGFuIEtvZW5pZyA8ZXRoYW50a29lbmlnQGdtYWlsLmNvbT4gMTQ4OTk1NjQ3OSAtMDQwMAoKSW5pdGlhbCBjb21taXQK",
 		Encoding: "base64",
diff --git a/services/repository/files/diff_test.go b/services/repository/files/diff_test.go
index 63aff9b0e3099..ea6ffe60c3f88 100644
--- a/services/repository/files/diff_test.go
+++ b/services/repository/files/diff_test.go
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import (
 func TestGetDiffPreview(t *testing.T) {
 	unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1")
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 	contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ func TestGetDiffPreview(t *testing.T) {
 func TestGetDiffPreviewErrors(t *testing.T) {
 	unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1")
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 	contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
diff --git a/services/repository/files/file_test.go b/services/repository/files/file_test.go
index a5b3aad91e32b..b2f51e3c820f7 100644
--- a/services/repository/files/file_test.go
+++ b/services/repository/files/file_test.go
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ func getExpectedFileResponse() *api.FileResponse {
 func TestGetFileResponseFromCommit(t *testing.T) {
 	unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1")
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 	contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
diff --git a/services/repository/files/tree_test.go b/services/repository/files/tree_test.go
index 508f20090ddc6..786bc15857c48 100644
--- a/services/repository/files/tree_test.go
+++ b/services/repository/files/tree_test.go
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@ func TestGetTreeBySHA(t *testing.T) {
 	sha := ctx.Repo.Repository.DefaultBranch
 	page := 1
 	perPage := 10
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
-	ctx.SetParams(":sha", sha)
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":sha", sha)
 
-	tree, err := GetTreeBySHA(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository, ctx.Repo.GitRepo, ctx.Params(":sha"), page, perPage, true)
+	tree, err := GetTreeBySHA(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository, ctx.Repo.GitRepo, ctx.PathParam(":sha"), page, perPage, true)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	expectedTree := &api.GitTreeResponse{
 		SHA: "65f1bf27bc3bf70f64657658635e66094edbcb4d",
diff --git a/services/wiki/wiki_path.go b/services/wiki/wiki_path.go
index 74c706404368e..212a35ea2551e 100644
--- a/services/wiki/wiki_path.go
+++ b/services/wiki/wiki_path.go
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ import (
 // TODO: support subdirectory in the future
 //
 // Although this package now has the ability to support subdirectory, but the route package doesn't:
-// * Double-escaping problem: the URL "/wiki/abc%2Fdef" becomes "/wiki/abc/def" by ctx.Params, which is incorrect
+// * Double-escaping problem: the URL "/wiki/abc%2Fdef" becomes "/wiki/abc/def" by ctx.PathParam, which is incorrect
 //   * This problem should have been 99% fixed, but it needs more tests.
 // * The old wiki code's behavior is always using %2F, instead of subdirectory, so there are a lot of legacy "%2F" files in user wikis.
 
diff --git a/templates/base/head_navbar.tmpl b/templates/base/head_navbar.tmpl
index 4889924819360..7be2d96d74400 100644
--- a/templates/base/head_navbar.tmpl
+++ b/templates/base/head_navbar.tmpl
@@ -35,13 +35,13 @@
 		{{if and .IsSigned .MustChangePassword}}
 			{{/* No links */}}
 		{{else if .IsSigned}}
-			{{if not .UnitIssuesGlobalDisabled}}
+			{{if not ctx.Consts.RepoUnitTypeIssues.UnitGlobalDisabled}}
 				<a class="item{{if .PageIsIssues}} active{{end}}" href="{{AppSubUrl}}/issues">{{ctx.Locale.Tr "issues"}}</a>
 			{{end}}
-			{{if not .UnitPullsGlobalDisabled}}
+			{{if not ctx.Consts.RepoUnitTypePullRequests.UnitGlobalDisabled}}
 				<a class="item{{if .PageIsPulls}} active{{end}}" href="{{AppSubUrl}}/pulls">{{ctx.Locale.Tr "pull_requests"}}</a>
 			{{end}}
-			{{if not (and .UnitIssuesGlobalDisabled .UnitPullsGlobalDisabled)}}
+			{{if not (and ctx.Consts.RepoUnitTypeIssues.UnitGlobalDisabled ctx.Consts.RepoUnitTypePullRequests.UnitGlobalDisabled)}}
 				{{if .ShowMilestonesDashboardPage}}
 					<a class="item{{if .PageIsMilestonesDashboard}} active{{end}}" href="{{AppSubUrl}}/milestones">{{ctx.Locale.Tr "milestones"}}</a>
 				{{end}}
diff --git a/templates/repo/blame.tmpl b/templates/repo/blame.tmpl
index 3e7cd92066264..62d1bbf2ba7c4 100644
--- a/templates/repo/blame.tmpl
+++ b/templates/repo/blame.tmpl
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 	{{$revsFileLink := URLJoin .RepoLink "src" .BranchNameSubURL "/.git-blame-ignore-revs"}}
 	{{if .UsesIgnoreRevs}}
 		<div class="ui info message">
-			<p>{{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.blame.ignore_revs" $revsFileLink (print $revsFileLink "?bypass-blame-ignore=true")}}</p>
+			<p>{{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.blame.ignore_revs" $revsFileLink "?bypass-blame-ignore=true"}}</p>
 		</div>
 	{{else}}
 		<div class="ui error message">
diff --git a/templates/repo/diff/blob_excerpt.tmpl b/templates/repo/diff/blob_excerpt.tmpl
index 2874ac6a55c61..cc2237029bd68 100644
--- a/templates/repo/diff/blob_excerpt.tmpl
+++ b/templates/repo/diff/blob_excerpt.tmpl
@@ -53,17 +53,17 @@
 			<td colspan="2" class="lines-num">
 				<div class="code-expander-buttons" data-expand-direction="{{$expandDirection}}">
 					{{if or (eq $expandDirection 3) (eq $expandDirection 5)}}
-						<button class="code-expander-button" hx-target="closest tr" hx-get="{{$.RepoLink}}/blob_excerpt/{{PathEscape $.AfterCommitID}}?data-query={{$line.GetBlobExcerptQuery}}&style=unified&direction=down&wiki={{$.PageIsWiki}}&anchor={{$.Anchor}}">
+						<button class="code-expander-button" hx-target="closest tr" hx-get="{{$.RepoLink}}/blob_excerpt/{{PathEscape $.AfterCommitID}}?{{$line.GetBlobExcerptQuery}}&style=unified&direction=down&wiki={{$.PageIsWiki}}&anchor={{$.Anchor}}">
 							{{svg "octicon-fold-down"}}
 						</button>
 					{{end}}
 					{{if or (eq $expandDirection 3) (eq $expandDirection 4)}}
-						<button class="code-expander-button" hx-target="closest tr" hx-get="{{$.RepoLink}}/blob_excerpt/{{PathEscape $.AfterCommitID}}?data-query={{$line.GetBlobExcerptQuery}}&style=unified&direction=up&wiki={{$.PageIsWiki}}&anchor={{$.Anchor}}">
+						<button class="code-expander-button" hx-target="closest tr" hx-get="{{$.RepoLink}}/blob_excerpt/{{PathEscape $.AfterCommitID}}?{{$line.GetBlobExcerptQuery}}&style=unified&direction=up&wiki={{$.PageIsWiki}}&anchor={{$.Anchor}}">
 							{{svg "octicon-fold-up"}}
 						</button>
 					{{end}}
 					{{if eq $expandDirection 2}}
-						<button class="code-expander-button" hx-target="closest tr" hx-get="{{$.RepoLink}}/blob_excerpt/{{PathEscape $.AfterCommitID}}?data-query={{$line.GetBlobExcerptQuery}}&style=unified&direction=&wiki={{$.PageIsWiki}}&anchor={{$.Anchor}}">
+						<button class="code-expander-button" hx-target="closest tr" hx-get="{{$.RepoLink}}/blob_excerpt/{{PathEscape $.AfterCommitID}}?{{$line.GetBlobExcerptQuery}}&style=unified&direction=&wiki={{$.PageIsWiki}}&anchor={{$.Anchor}}">
 							{{svg "octicon-fold"}}
 						</button>
 					{{end}}
diff --git a/templates/repo/header.tmpl b/templates/repo/header.tmpl
index 22daaab4bc1ba..d52891b02a76a 100644
--- a/templates/repo/header.tmpl
+++ b/templates/repo/header.tmpl
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@
 						</a>
 					{{end}}
 
-					{{if and .EnableActions (not .UnitActionsGlobalDisabled) (.Permission.CanRead ctx.Consts.RepoUnitTypeActions)}}
+					{{if and .EnableActions (.Permission.CanRead ctx.Consts.RepoUnitTypeActions)}}
 						<a class="{{if .PageIsActions}}active {{end}}item" href="{{.RepoLink}}/actions">
 							{{svg "octicon-play"}} {{ctx.Locale.Tr "actions.actions"}}
 							{{if .Repository.NumOpenActionRuns}}
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@
 					{{end}}
 
 					{{$projectsUnit := .Repository.MustGetUnit $.Context ctx.Consts.RepoUnitTypeProjects}}
-					{{if and (not .UnitProjectsGlobalDisabled) (.Permission.CanRead ctx.Consts.RepoUnitTypeProjects) ($projectsUnit.ProjectsConfig.IsProjectsAllowed "repo")}}
+					{{if and (not ctx.Consts.RepoUnitTypeProjects.UnitGlobalDisabled) (.Permission.CanRead ctx.Consts.RepoUnitTypeProjects) ($projectsUnit.ProjectsConfig.IsProjectsAllowed "repo")}}
 						<a href="{{.RepoLink}}/projects" class="{{if .IsProjectsPage}}active {{end}}item">
 							{{svg "octicon-project"}} {{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.projects"}}
 							{{if .Repository.NumOpenProjects}}
diff --git a/templates/repo/issue/view_content/comments.tmpl b/templates/repo/issue/view_content/comments.tmpl
index 3da2f3815ee3f..d8ca9de7bde0d 100644
--- a/templates/repo/issue/view_content/comments.tmpl
+++ b/templates/repo/issue/view_content/comments.tmpl
@@ -574,7 +574,6 @@
 				{{template "repo/commits_list_small" dict "comment" . "root" $}}
 			{{end}}
 		{{else if eq .Type 30}}
-			{{if not $.UnitProjectsGlobalDisabled}}
 			<div class="timeline-item event" id="{{.HashTag}}">
 				<span class="badge">{{svg "octicon-project"}}</span>
 				{{template "shared/user/avatarlink" dict "user" .Poster}}
@@ -599,7 +598,6 @@
 					{{end}}
 				</span>
 			</div>
-			{{end}}
 		{{else if eq .Type 32}}
 			<div class="timeline-item-group">
 				<div class="timeline-item event" id="{{.HashTag}}">
diff --git a/templates/repo/issue/view_content/context_menu.tmpl b/templates/repo/issue/view_content/context_menu.tmpl
index 17556d4e4894a..9e38442c369fd 100644
--- a/templates/repo/issue/view_content/context_menu.tmpl
+++ b/templates/repo/issue/view_content/context_menu.tmpl
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 			{{if not .ctxData.Repository.IsArchived}}
 				{{$needDivider = true}}
 				<div class="item context js-aria-clickable quote-reply {{if .diff}}quote-reply-diff{{end}}" data-target="{{.item.HashTag}}-raw">{{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.issues.context.quote_reply"}}</div>
-				{{if not .ctxData.UnitIssuesGlobalDisabled}}
+				{{if not ctx.Consts.RepoUnitTypeIssues.UnitGlobalDisabled}}
 					<div class="item context js-aria-clickable reference-issue" data-target="{{.item.HashTag}}-raw" data-modal="#reference-issue-modal" data-poster="{{.item.Poster.GetDisplayName}}" data-poster-username="{{.item.Poster.Name}}" data-reference="{{$referenceUrl}}">{{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.issues.context.reference_issue"}}</div>
 				{{end}}
 				{{if or .ctxData.Permission.IsAdmin .IsCommentPoster .ctxData.HasIssuesOrPullsWritePermission}}
diff --git a/templates/repo/settings/navbar.tmpl b/templates/repo/settings/navbar.tmpl
index 414effbf2f3bd..b9105bb8ed8a4 100644
--- a/templates/repo/settings/navbar.tmpl
+++ b/templates/repo/settings/navbar.tmpl
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 				</a>
 			{{end}}
 		{{end}}
-		{{if and .EnableActions (not .UnitActionsGlobalDisabled) (.Permission.CanRead ctx.Consts.RepoUnitTypeActions)}}
+		{{if and .EnableActions (.Permission.CanRead ctx.Consts.RepoUnitTypeActions)}}
 		<details class="item toggleable-item" {{if or .PageIsSharedSettingsRunners .PageIsSharedSettingsSecrets .PageIsSharedSettingsVariables}}open{{end}}>
 			<summary>{{ctx.Locale.Tr "actions.actions"}}</summary>
 			<div class="menu">
diff --git a/templates/user/dashboard/navbar.tmpl b/templates/user/dashboard/navbar.tmpl
index 464228289ed59..7982cbd9509af 100644
--- a/templates/user/dashboard/navbar.tmpl
+++ b/templates/user/dashboard/navbar.tmpl
@@ -81,17 +81,17 @@
 			<a class="{{if .PageIsNews}}active {{end}}item tw-ml-auto" href="{{.ContextUser.DashboardLink}}{{if .Team}}/{{PathEscape .Team.Name}}{{end}}">
 				{{svg "octicon-rss"}}&nbsp;{{ctx.Locale.Tr "activities"}}
 			</a>
-			{{if not .UnitIssuesGlobalDisabled}}
+			{{if not ctx.Consts.RepoUnitTypeIssues.UnitGlobalDisabled}}
 			<a class="{{if .PageIsIssues}}active {{end}}item" href="{{.ContextUser.OrganisationLink}}/issues{{if .Team}}/{{PathEscape .Team.Name}}{{end}}">
 				{{svg "octicon-issue-opened"}}&nbsp;{{ctx.Locale.Tr "issues"}}
 			</a>
 			{{end}}
-			{{if not .UnitPullsGlobalDisabled}}
+			{{if not ctx.Consts.RepoUnitTypePullRequests.UnitGlobalDisabled}}
 			<a class="{{if .PageIsPulls}}active {{end}}item" href="{{.ContextUser.OrganisationLink}}/pulls{{if .Team}}/{{PathEscape .Team.Name}}{{end}}">
 				{{svg "octicon-git-pull-request"}}&nbsp;{{ctx.Locale.Tr "pull_requests"}}
 			</a>
 			{{end}}
-			{{if and .ShowMilestonesDashboardPage (not (and .UnitIssuesGlobalDisabled .UnitPullsGlobalDisabled))}}
+			{{if and .ShowMilestonesDashboardPage (not (and ctx.Consts.RepoUnitTypeIssues.UnitGlobalDisabled ctx.Consts.RepoUnitTypePullRequests.UnitGlobalDisabled))}}
 			<a class="{{if .PageIsMilestonesDashboard}}active {{end}}item" href="{{.ContextUser.OrganisationLink}}/milestones{{if .Team}}/{{PathEscape .Team.Name}}{{end}}">
 				{{svg "octicon-milestone"}}&nbsp;{{ctx.Locale.Tr "milestones"}}
 			</a>
diff --git a/tests/e2e/e2e_test.go b/tests/e2e/e2e_test.go
index 1f6a5950433e9..d6d27e66be188 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/e2e_test.go
+++ b/tests/e2e/e2e_test.go
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/tests"
 )
 
-var testE2eWebRoutes *web.Route
+var testE2eWebRoutes *web.Router
 
 func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 	defer log.GetManager().Close()
diff --git a/tests/integration/integration_test.go b/tests/integration/integration_test.go
index 18f415083c9e6..ae8ff51d43613 100644
--- a/tests/integration/integration_test.go
+++ b/tests/integration/integration_test.go
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonschema"
 )
 
-var testWebRoutes *web.Route
+var testWebRoutes *web.Router
 
 type NilResponseRecorder struct {
 	httptest.ResponseRecorder
diff --git a/tests/integration/nonascii_branches_test.go b/tests/integration/nonascii_branches_test.go
index 8917a9b57463e..a189273eacd81 100644
--- a/tests/integration/nonascii_branches_test.go
+++ b/tests/integration/nonascii_branches_test.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 package integration
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
 	"path"
@@ -14,22 +15,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
 
-func testSrcRouteRedirect(t *testing.T, session *TestSession, user, repo, route, expectedLocation string, expectedStatus int) {
-	prefix := path.Join("/", user, repo, "src")
-
-	// Make request
-	req := NewRequest(t, "GET", path.Join(prefix, route))
-	resp := session.MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusSeeOther)
-
-	// Check Location header
-	location := resp.Header().Get("Location")
-	assert.Equal(t, path.Join(prefix, expectedLocation), location)
-
-	// Perform redirect
-	req = NewRequest(t, "GET", location)
-	session.MakeRequest(t, req, expectedStatus)
-}
-
 func setDefaultBranch(t *testing.T, session *TestSession, user, repo, branch string) {
 	location := path.Join("/", user, repo, "settings/branches")
 	csrf := GetCSRF(t, session, location)
@@ -41,7 +26,7 @@ func setDefaultBranch(t *testing.T, session *TestSession, user, repo, branch str
 	session.MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusSeeOther)
 }
 
-func TestNonasciiBranches(t *testing.T) {
+func TestNonAsciiBranches(t *testing.T) {
 	testRedirects := []struct {
 		from   string
 		to     string
@@ -98,6 +83,7 @@ func TestNonasciiBranches(t *testing.T) {
 			to:     "branch/%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%81",
 			status: http.StatusOK,
 		},
+
 		// Tags
 		{
 			from:   "Тэг",
@@ -119,6 +105,7 @@ func TestNonasciiBranches(t *testing.T) {
 			to:     "tag/%E3%82%BF%E3%82%B0/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB.md",
 			status: http.StatusOK,
 		},
+
 		// Files
 		{
 			from:   "README.md",
@@ -135,6 +122,7 @@ func TestNonasciiBranches(t *testing.T) {
 			to:     "branch/Plus+Is+Not+Space/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB.md",
 			status: http.StatusNotFound, // it's not on default branch
 		},
+
 		// Same but url-encoded (few tests)
 		{
 			from:   "%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%81",
@@ -205,10 +193,23 @@ func TestNonasciiBranches(t *testing.T) {
 	session := loginUser(t, user)
 
 	setDefaultBranch(t, session, user, repo, "Plus+Is+Not+Space")
+	defer setDefaultBranch(t, session, user, repo, "master")
 
 	for _, test := range testRedirects {
-		testSrcRouteRedirect(t, session, user, repo, test.from, test.to, test.status)
-	}
+		t.Run(test.from, func(t *testing.T) {
+			req := NewRequest(t, "GET", fmt.Sprintf("/%s/%s/src/%s", user, repo, test.from))
+			resp := session.MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusSeeOther)
+			if resp.Code != http.StatusSeeOther {
+				return
+			}
 
-	setDefaultBranch(t, session, user, repo, "master")
+			redirectLocation := resp.Header().Get("Location")
+			if !assert.Equal(t, fmt.Sprintf("/%s/%s/src/%s", user, repo, test.to), redirectLocation) {
+				return
+			}
+
+			req = NewRequest(t, "GET", redirectLocation)
+			session.MakeRequest(t, req, test.status)
+		})
+	}
 }
diff --git a/tests/integration/repofiles_change_test.go b/tests/integration/repofiles_change_test.go
index 7633d6915fd5a..9f938c409946d 100644
--- a/tests/integration/repofiles_change_test.go
+++ b/tests/integration/repofiles_change_test.go
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ func TestChangeRepoFilesForCreate(t *testing.T) {
 	// setup
 	onGiteaRun(t, func(t *testing.T, u *url.URL) {
 		ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1")
-		ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+		ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 		contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 		contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 		contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ func TestChangeRepoFilesForUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 	// setup
 	onGiteaRun(t, func(t *testing.T, u *url.URL) {
 		ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1")
-		ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+		ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 		contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 		contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 		contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ func TestChangeRepoFilesForUpdateWithFileMove(t *testing.T) {
 	// setup
 	onGiteaRun(t, func(t *testing.T, u *url.URL) {
 		ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1")
-		ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+		ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 		contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 		contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 		contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ func TestChangeRepoFilesWithoutBranchNames(t *testing.T) {
 	// setup
 	onGiteaRun(t, func(t *testing.T, u *url.URL) {
 		ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1")
-		ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+		ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 		contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 		contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 		contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ func testDeleteRepoFiles(t *testing.T, u *url.URL) {
 	// setup
 	unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1")
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 	contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ func testDeleteRepoFilesWithoutBranchNames(t *testing.T, u *url.URL) {
 	// setup
 	unittest.PrepareTestEnv(t)
 	ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1")
-	ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+	ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 	contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 	contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 	contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ func TestChangeRepoFilesErrors(t *testing.T) {
 	// setup
 	onGiteaRun(t, func(t *testing.T, u *url.URL) {
 		ctx, _ := contexttest.MockContext(t, "user2/repo1")
-		ctx.SetParams(":id", "1")
+		ctx.SetPathParam(":id", "1")
 		contexttest.LoadRepo(t, ctx, 1)
 		contexttest.LoadRepoCommit(t, ctx)
 		contexttest.LoadUser(t, ctx, 2)
diff --git a/web_src/css/repo.css b/web_src/css/repo.css
index 357a4ee1950cc..28b84d3af421c 100644
--- a/web_src/css/repo.css
+++ b/web_src/css/repo.css
@@ -79,6 +79,11 @@
   white-space: nowrap;
 }
 
+.repository .issue-content-right .filter.menu {
+  max-height: 500px;
+  overflow-x: auto;
+}
+
 .repository .filter.menu.labels .label-filter .menu .info {
   display: inline-block;
   padding: 0.5rem 0;
@@ -530,14 +535,10 @@ td .commit-summary {
   min-width: 100px;
 }
 
-.repository.new.issue .comment.form .comment .avatar {
+#new-issue .avatar {
   width: 3em;
 }
 
-.repository.new.issue .comment.form .content {
-  margin-left: 4em;
-}
-
 .repository.new.issue .comment.form .content::before,
 .repository.new.issue .comment.form .content::after {
   right: 100%;
@@ -566,11 +567,6 @@ td .commit-summary {
   font-size: 14px;
 }
 
-.repository.new.issue .comment.form .issue-content-right .filter.menu {
-  max-height: 500px;
-  overflow-x: auto;
-}
-
 .repository.view.issue .instruct-toggle {
   display: inline-block;
 }
diff --git a/web_src/js/components/DiffCommitSelector.vue b/web_src/js/components/DiffCommitSelector.vue
index 6a4a84f615fe3..53e0bce76cdce 100644
--- a/web_src/js/components/DiffCommitSelector.vue
+++ b/web_src/js/components/DiffCommitSelector.vue
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ export default {
       }));
       this.commits.reverse();
       this.lastReviewCommitSha = results.last_review_commit_sha || null;
-      if (this.lastReviewCommitSha && this.commits.findIndex((x) => x.id === this.lastReviewCommitSha) === -1) {
+      if (this.lastReviewCommitSha && !this.commits.some((x) => x.id === this.lastReviewCommitSha)) {
         // the lastReviewCommit is not available (probably due to a force push)
         // reset the last review commit sha
         this.lastReviewCommitSha = null;
diff --git a/web_src/js/features/admin/common.js b/web_src/js/features/admin/common.js
index 429d6a808cdd2..0f26ce6bc1aeb 100644
--- a/web_src/js/features/admin/common.js
+++ b/web_src/js/features/admin/common.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import $ from 'jquery';
-import {checkAppUrl} from '../common-global.js';
+import {checkAppUrl} from '../common-page.js';
 import {hideElem, showElem, toggleElem} from '../../utils/dom.js';
 import {POST} from '../../modules/fetch.js';
 
diff --git a/web_src/js/features/common-button.js b/web_src/js/features/common-button.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..2db39871f0774
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web_src/js/features/common-button.js
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+import $ from 'jquery';
+import {POST} from '../modules/fetch.js';
+import {hideElem, showElem, toggleElem} from '../utils/dom.js';
+import {showErrorToast} from '../modules/toast.js';
+
+export function initGlobalButtonClickOnEnter() {
+  $(document).on('keypress', 'div.ui.button,span.ui.button', (e) => {
+    if (e.code === ' ' || e.code === 'Enter') {
+      $(e.target).trigger('click');
+      e.preventDefault();
+    }
+  });
+}
+
+export function initGlobalDeleteButton() {
+  // ".delete-button" shows a confirmation modal defined by `data-modal-id` attribute.
+  // Some model/form elements will be filled by `data-id` / `data-name` / `data-data-xxx` attributes.
+  // If there is a form defined by `data-form`, then the form will be submitted as-is (without any modification).
+  // If there is no form, then the data will be posted to `data-url`.
+  // TODO: it's not encouraged to use this method. `show-modal` does far better than this.
+  for (const btn of document.querySelectorAll('.delete-button')) {
+    btn.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
+      e.preventDefault();
+
+      // eslint-disable-next-line github/no-dataset -- code depends on the camel-casing
+      const dataObj = btn.dataset;
+
+      const modalId = btn.getAttribute('data-modal-id');
+      const modal = document.querySelector(`.delete.modal${modalId ? `#${modalId}` : ''}`);
+
+      // set the modal "display name" by `data-name`
+      const modalNameEl = modal.querySelector('.name');
+      if (modalNameEl) modalNameEl.textContent = btn.getAttribute('data-name');
+
+      // fill the modal elements with data-xxx attributes: `data-data-organization-name="..."` => `<span class="dataOrganizationName">...</span>`
+      for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(dataObj)) {
+        if (key.startsWith('data')) {
+          const textEl = modal.querySelector(`.${key}`);
+          if (textEl) textEl.textContent = value;
+        }
+      }
+
+      $(modal).modal({
+        closable: false,
+        onApprove: async () => {
+          // if `data-type="form"` exists, then submit the form by the selector provided by `data-form="..."`
+          if (btn.getAttribute('data-type') === 'form') {
+            const formSelector = btn.getAttribute('data-form');
+            const form = document.querySelector(formSelector);
+            if (!form) throw new Error(`no form named ${formSelector} found`);
+            form.submit();
+          }
+
+          // prepare an AJAX form by data attributes
+          const postData = new FormData();
+          for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(dataObj)) {
+            if (key.startsWith('data')) { // for data-data-xxx (HTML) -> dataXxx (form)
+              postData.append(key.slice(4), value);
+            }
+            if (key === 'id') { // for data-id="..."
+              postData.append('id', value);
+            }
+          }
+
+          const response = await POST(btn.getAttribute('data-url'), {data: postData});
+          if (response.ok) {
+            const data = await response.json();
+            window.location.href = data.redirect;
+          }
+        },
+      }).modal('show');
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+export function initGlobalButtons() {
+  // There are many "cancel button" elements in modal dialogs, Fomantic UI expects they are button-like elements but never submit a form.
+  // However, Gitea misuses the modal dialog and put the cancel buttons inside forms, so we must prevent the form submission.
+  // There are a few cancel buttons in non-modal forms, and there are some dynamically created forms (eg: the "Edit Issue Content")
+  $(document).on('click', 'form button.ui.cancel.button', (e) => {
+    e.preventDefault();
+  });
+
+  $('.show-panel').on('click', function (e) {
+    // a '.show-panel' element can show a panel, by `data-panel="selector"`
+    // if it has "toggle" class, it toggles the panel
+    e.preventDefault();
+    const sel = this.getAttribute('data-panel');
+    if (this.classList.contains('toggle')) {
+      toggleElem(sel);
+    } else {
+      showElem(sel);
+    }
+  });
+
+  $('.hide-panel').on('click', function (e) {
+    // a `.hide-panel` element can hide a panel, by `data-panel="selector"` or `data-panel-closest="selector"`
+    e.preventDefault();
+    let sel = this.getAttribute('data-panel');
+    if (sel) {
+      hideElem($(sel));
+      return;
+    }
+    sel = this.getAttribute('data-panel-closest');
+    if (sel) {
+      hideElem($(this).closest(sel));
+      return;
+    }
+    // should never happen, otherwise there is a bug in code
+    showErrorToast('Nothing to hide');
+  });
+}
+
+export function initGlobalShowModal() {
+  // A ".show-modal" button will show a modal dialog defined by its "data-modal" attribute.
+  // Each "data-modal-{target}" attribute will be filled to target element's value or text-content.
+  // * First, try to query '#target'
+  // * Then, try to query '.target'
+  // * Then, try to query 'target' as HTML tag
+  // If there is a ".{attr}" part like "data-modal-form.action", then the form's "action" attribute will be set.
+  $('.show-modal').on('click', function (e) {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    const modalSelector = this.getAttribute('data-modal');
+    const $modal = $(modalSelector);
+    if (!$modal.length) {
+      throw new Error('no modal for this action');
+    }
+    const modalAttrPrefix = 'data-modal-';
+    for (const attrib of this.attributes) {
+      if (!attrib.name.startsWith(modalAttrPrefix)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      const attrTargetCombo = attrib.name.substring(modalAttrPrefix.length);
+      const [attrTargetName, attrTargetAttr] = attrTargetCombo.split('.');
+      // try to find target by: "#target" -> ".target" -> "target tag"
+      let $attrTarget = $modal.find(`#${attrTargetName}`);
+      if (!$attrTarget.length) $attrTarget = $modal.find(`.${attrTargetName}`);
+      if (!$attrTarget.length) $attrTarget = $modal.find(`${attrTargetName}`);
+      if (!$attrTarget.length) continue; // TODO: show errors in dev mode to remind developers that there is a bug
+
+      if (attrTargetAttr) {
+        $attrTarget[0][attrTargetAttr] = attrib.value;
+      } else if ($attrTarget[0].matches('input, textarea')) {
+        $attrTarget.val(attrib.value); // FIXME: add more supports like checkbox
+      } else {
+        $attrTarget[0].textContent = attrib.value; // FIXME: it should be more strict here, only handle div/span/p
+      }
+    }
+
+    $modal.modal('setting', {
+      onApprove: () => {
+        // "form-fetch-action" can handle network errors gracefully,
+        // so keep the modal dialog to make users can re-submit the form if anything wrong happens.
+        if ($modal.find('.form-fetch-action').length) return false;
+      },
+    }).modal('show');
+  });
+}
diff --git a/web_src/js/features/common-fetch-action.js b/web_src/js/features/common-fetch-action.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..ddf1ec2e79e72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web_src/js/features/common-fetch-action.js
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+import {request} from '../modules/fetch.js';
+import {showErrorToast} from '../modules/toast.js';
+import {submitEventSubmitter} from '../utils/dom.js';
+import {htmlEscape} from 'escape-goat';
+import {confirmModal} from './comp/ConfirmModal.js';
+
+const {appSubUrl, i18n} = window.config;
+
+// fetchActionDoRedirect does real redirection to bypass the browser's limitations of "location"
+// more details are in the backend's fetch-redirect handler
+function fetchActionDoRedirect(redirect) {
+  const form = document.createElement('form');
+  const input = document.createElement('input');
+  form.method = 'post';
+  form.action = `${appSubUrl}/-/fetch-redirect`;
+  input.type = 'hidden';
+  input.name = 'redirect';
+  input.value = redirect;
+  form.append(input);
+  document.body.append(form);
+  form.submit();
+}
+
+async function fetchActionDoRequest(actionElem, url, opt) {
+  try {
+    const resp = await request(url, opt);
+    if (resp.status === 200) {
+      let {redirect} = await resp.json();
+      redirect = redirect || actionElem.getAttribute('data-redirect');
+      actionElem.classList.remove('dirty'); // remove the areYouSure check before reloading
+      if (redirect) {
+        fetchActionDoRedirect(redirect);
+      } else {
+        window.location.reload();
+      }
+      return;
+    } else if (resp.status >= 400 && resp.status < 500) {
+      const data = await resp.json();
+      // the code was quite messy, sometimes the backend uses "err", sometimes it uses "error", and even "user_error"
+      // but at the moment, as a new approach, we only use "errorMessage" here, backend can use JSONError() to respond.
+      if (data.errorMessage) {
+        showErrorToast(data.errorMessage, {useHtmlBody: data.renderFormat === 'html'});
+      } else {
+        showErrorToast(`server error: ${resp.status}`);
+      }
+    } else {
+      showErrorToast(`server error: ${resp.status}`);
+    }
+  } catch (e) {
+    if (e.name !== 'AbortError') {
+      console.error('error when doRequest', e);
+      showErrorToast(`${i18n.network_error} ${e}`);
+    }
+  }
+  actionElem.classList.remove('is-loading', 'loading-icon-2px');
+}
+
+async function formFetchAction(e) {
+  if (!e.target.classList.contains('form-fetch-action')) return;
+
+  e.preventDefault();
+  const formEl = e.target;
+  if (formEl.classList.contains('is-loading')) return;
+
+  formEl.classList.add('is-loading');
+  if (formEl.clientHeight < 50) {
+    formEl.classList.add('loading-icon-2px');
+  }
+
+  const formMethod = formEl.getAttribute('method') || 'get';
+  const formActionUrl = formEl.getAttribute('action');
+  const formData = new FormData(formEl);
+  const formSubmitter = submitEventSubmitter(e);
+  const [submitterName, submitterValue] = [formSubmitter?.getAttribute('name'), formSubmitter?.getAttribute('value')];
+  if (submitterName) {
+    formData.append(submitterName, submitterValue || '');
+  }
+
+  let reqUrl = formActionUrl;
+  const reqOpt = {method: formMethod.toUpperCase()};
+  if (formMethod.toLowerCase() === 'get') {
+    const params = new URLSearchParams();
+    for (const [key, value] of formData) {
+      params.append(key, value.toString());
+    }
+    const pos = reqUrl.indexOf('?');
+    if (pos !== -1) {
+      reqUrl = reqUrl.slice(0, pos);
+    }
+    reqUrl += `?${params.toString()}`;
+  } else {
+    reqOpt.body = formData;
+  }
+
+  await fetchActionDoRequest(formEl, reqUrl, reqOpt);
+}
+
+async function linkAction(e) {
+  // A "link-action" can post AJAX request to its "data-url"
+  // Then the browser is redirected to: the "redirect" in response, or "data-redirect" attribute, or current URL by reloading.
+  // If the "link-action" has "data-modal-confirm" attribute, a confirm modal dialog will be shown before taking action.
+  const el = e.target.closest('.link-action');
+  if (!el) return;
+
+  e.preventDefault();
+  const url = el.getAttribute('data-url');
+  const doRequest = async () => {
+    el.disabled = true;
+    await fetchActionDoRequest(el, url, {method: 'POST'});
+    el.disabled = false;
+  };
+
+  const modalConfirmContent = htmlEscape(el.getAttribute('data-modal-confirm') || '');
+  if (!modalConfirmContent) {
+    await doRequest();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const isRisky = el.classList.contains('red') || el.classList.contains('negative');
+  if (await confirmModal(modalConfirmContent, {confirmButtonColor: isRisky ? 'red' : 'primary'})) {
+    await doRequest();
+  }
+}
+
+export function initGlobalFetchAction() {
+  document.addEventListener('submit', formFetchAction);
+  document.addEventListener('click', linkAction);
+}
diff --git a/web_src/js/features/common-form.js b/web_src/js/features/common-form.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..02c54056490a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web_src/js/features/common-form.js
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import $ from 'jquery';
+import {handleGlobalEnterQuickSubmit} from './comp/QuickSubmit.js';
+
+export function initGlobalFormDirtyLeaveConfirm() {
+  // Warn users that try to leave a page after entering data into a form.
+  // Except on sign-in pages, and for forms marked as 'ignore-dirty'.
+  if (!$('.user.signin').length) {
+    $('form:not(.ignore-dirty)').areYouSure();
+  }
+}
+
+export function initGlobalEnterQuickSubmit() {
+  document.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
+    if (e.key !== 'Enter') return;
+    const hasCtrlOrMeta = ((e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey) && !e.altKey);
+    if (hasCtrlOrMeta && e.target.matches('textarea')) {
+      if (handleGlobalEnterQuickSubmit(e.target)) {
+        e.preventDefault();
+      }
+    } else if (e.target.matches('input') && !e.target.closest('form')) {
+      // input in a normal form could handle Enter key by default, so we only handle the input outside a form
+      // eslint-disable-next-line unicorn/no-lonely-if
+      if (handleGlobalEnterQuickSubmit(e.target)) {
+        e.preventDefault();
+      }
+    }
+  });
+}
diff --git a/web_src/js/features/common-global.js b/web_src/js/features/common-global.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 1ab2a556993fd..0000000000000
--- a/web_src/js/features/common-global.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,468 +0,0 @@
-import $ from 'jquery';
-import '../vendor/jquery.are-you-sure.js';
-import {clippie} from 'clippie';
-import {createDropzone} from './dropzone.js';
-import {showGlobalErrorMessage} from '../bootstrap.js';
-import {handleGlobalEnterQuickSubmit} from './comp/QuickSubmit.js';
-import {svg} from '../svg.js';
-import {hideElem, showElem, toggleElem, initSubmitEventPolyfill, submitEventSubmitter} from '../utils/dom.js';
-import {htmlEscape} from 'escape-goat';
-import {showTemporaryTooltip} from '../modules/tippy.js';
-import {confirmModal} from './comp/ConfirmModal.js';
-import {showErrorToast} from '../modules/toast.js';
-import {request, POST, GET} from '../modules/fetch.js';
-import '../htmx.js';
-
-const {appUrl, appSubUrl, csrfToken, i18n} = window.config;
-
-export function initGlobalFormDirtyLeaveConfirm() {
-  // Warn users that try to leave a page after entering data into a form.
-  // Except on sign-in pages, and for forms marked as 'ignore-dirty'.
-  if (!$('.user.signin').length) {
-    $('form:not(.ignore-dirty)').areYouSure();
-  }
-}
-
-export function initHeadNavbarContentToggle() {
-  const navbar = document.querySelector('#navbar');
-  const btn = document.querySelector('#navbar-expand-toggle');
-  if (!navbar || !btn) return;
-
-  btn.addEventListener('click', () => {
-    const isExpanded = btn.classList.contains('active');
-    navbar.classList.toggle('navbar-menu-open', !isExpanded);
-    btn.classList.toggle('active', !isExpanded);
-  });
-}
-
-export function initFootLanguageMenu() {
-  async function linkLanguageAction() {
-    const $this = $(this);
-    await GET($this.data('url'));
-    window.location.reload();
-  }
-
-  $('.language-menu a[lang]').on('click', linkLanguageAction);
-}
-
-export function initGlobalEnterQuickSubmit() {
-  document.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
-    if (e.key !== 'Enter') return;
-    const hasCtrlOrMeta = ((e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey) && !e.altKey);
-    if (hasCtrlOrMeta && e.target.matches('textarea')) {
-      if (handleGlobalEnterQuickSubmit(e.target)) {
-        e.preventDefault();
-      }
-    } else if (e.target.matches('input') && !e.target.closest('form')) {
-      // input in a normal form could handle Enter key by default, so we only handle the input outside a form
-      // eslint-disable-next-line unicorn/no-lonely-if
-      if (handleGlobalEnterQuickSubmit(e.target)) {
-        e.preventDefault();
-      }
-    }
-  });
-}
-
-export function initGlobalButtonClickOnEnter() {
-  $(document).on('keypress', 'div.ui.button,span.ui.button', (e) => {
-    if (e.code === ' ' || e.code === 'Enter') {
-      $(e.target).trigger('click');
-      e.preventDefault();
-    }
-  });
-}
-
-// fetchActionDoRedirect does real redirection to bypass the browser's limitations of "location"
-// more details are in the backend's fetch-redirect handler
-function fetchActionDoRedirect(redirect) {
-  const form = document.createElement('form');
-  const input = document.createElement('input');
-  form.method = 'post';
-  form.action = `${appSubUrl}/-/fetch-redirect`;
-  input.type = 'hidden';
-  input.name = 'redirect';
-  input.value = redirect;
-  form.append(input);
-  document.body.append(form);
-  form.submit();
-}
-
-async function fetchActionDoRequest(actionElem, url, opt) {
-  try {
-    const resp = await request(url, opt);
-    if (resp.status === 200) {
-      let {redirect} = await resp.json();
-      redirect = redirect || actionElem.getAttribute('data-redirect');
-      actionElem.classList.remove('dirty'); // remove the areYouSure check before reloading
-      if (redirect) {
-        fetchActionDoRedirect(redirect);
-      } else {
-        window.location.reload();
-      }
-      return;
-    } else if (resp.status >= 400 && resp.status < 500) {
-      const data = await resp.json();
-      // the code was quite messy, sometimes the backend uses "err", sometimes it uses "error", and even "user_error"
-      // but at the moment, as a new approach, we only use "errorMessage" here, backend can use JSONError() to respond.
-      if (data.errorMessage) {
-        showErrorToast(data.errorMessage, {useHtmlBody: data.renderFormat === 'html'});
-      } else {
-        showErrorToast(`server error: ${resp.status}`);
-      }
-    } else {
-      showErrorToast(`server error: ${resp.status}`);
-    }
-  } catch (e) {
-    if (e.name !== 'AbortError') {
-      console.error('error when doRequest', e);
-      showErrorToast(`${i18n.network_error} ${e}`);
-    }
-  }
-  actionElem.classList.remove('is-loading', 'loading-icon-2px');
-}
-
-async function formFetchAction(e) {
-  if (!e.target.classList.contains('form-fetch-action')) return;
-
-  e.preventDefault();
-  const formEl = e.target;
-  if (formEl.classList.contains('is-loading')) return;
-
-  formEl.classList.add('is-loading');
-  if (formEl.clientHeight < 50) {
-    formEl.classList.add('loading-icon-2px');
-  }
-
-  const formMethod = formEl.getAttribute('method') || 'get';
-  const formActionUrl = formEl.getAttribute('action');
-  const formData = new FormData(formEl);
-  const formSubmitter = submitEventSubmitter(e);
-  const [submitterName, submitterValue] = [formSubmitter?.getAttribute('name'), formSubmitter?.getAttribute('value')];
-  if (submitterName) {
-    formData.append(submitterName, submitterValue || '');
-  }
-
-  let reqUrl = formActionUrl;
-  const reqOpt = {method: formMethod.toUpperCase()};
-  if (formMethod.toLowerCase() === 'get') {
-    const params = new URLSearchParams();
-    for (const [key, value] of formData) {
-      params.append(key, value.toString());
-    }
-    const pos = reqUrl.indexOf('?');
-    if (pos !== -1) {
-      reqUrl = reqUrl.slice(0, pos);
-    }
-    reqUrl += `?${params.toString()}`;
-  } else {
-    reqOpt.body = formData;
-  }
-
-  await fetchActionDoRequest(formEl, reqUrl, reqOpt);
-}
-
-export function initGlobalCommon() {
-  // Semantic UI modules.
-  const $uiDropdowns = $('.ui.dropdown');
-
-  // do not init "custom" dropdowns, "custom" dropdowns are managed by their own code.
-  $uiDropdowns.filter(':not(.custom)').dropdown();
-
-  // The "jump" means this dropdown is mainly used for "menu" purpose,
-  // clicking an item will jump to somewhere else or trigger an action/function.
-  // When a dropdown is used for non-refresh actions with tippy,
-  // it must have this "jump" class to hide the tippy when dropdown is closed.
-  $uiDropdowns.filter('.jump').dropdown({
-    action: 'hide',
-    onShow() {
-      // hide associated tooltip while dropdown is open
-      this._tippy?.hide();
-      this._tippy?.disable();
-    },
-    onHide() {
-      this._tippy?.enable();
-
-      // hide all tippy elements of items after a while. eg: use Enter to click "Copy Link" in the Issue Context Menu
-      setTimeout(() => {
-        const $dropdown = $(this);
-        if ($dropdown.dropdown('is hidden')) {
-          $(this).find('.menu > .item').each((_, item) => {
-            item._tippy?.hide();
-          });
-        }
-      }, 2000);
-    },
-  });
-
-  // Special popup-directions, prevent Fomantic from guessing the popup direction.
-  // With default "direction: auto", if the viewport height is small, Fomantic would show the popup upward,
-  //   if the dropdown is at the beginning of the page, then the top part would be clipped by the window view.
-  //   eg: Issue List "Sort" dropdown
-  // But we can not set "direction: downward" for all dropdowns, because there is a bug in dropdown menu positioning when calculating the "left" position,
-  //   which would make some dropdown popups slightly shift out of the right viewport edge in some cases.
-  //   eg: the "Create New Repo" menu on the navbar.
-  $uiDropdowns.filter('.upward').dropdown('setting', 'direction', 'upward');
-  $uiDropdowns.filter('.downward').dropdown('setting', 'direction', 'downward');
-
-  $('.tabular.menu .item').tab();
-
-  initSubmitEventPolyfill();
-  document.addEventListener('submit', formFetchAction);
-  document.addEventListener('click', linkAction);
-}
-
-export function initGlobalDropzone() {
-  for (const el of document.querySelectorAll('.dropzone')) {
-    initDropzone(el);
-  }
-}
-
-export function initDropzone(el) {
-  const $dropzone = $(el);
-  const _promise = createDropzone(el, {
-    url: $dropzone.data('upload-url'),
-    headers: {'X-Csrf-Token': csrfToken},
-    maxFiles: $dropzone.data('max-file'),
-    maxFilesize: $dropzone.data('max-size'),
-    acceptedFiles: (['*/*', ''].includes($dropzone.data('accepts'))) ? null : $dropzone.data('accepts'),
-    addRemoveLinks: true,
-    dictDefaultMessage: $dropzone.data('default-message'),
-    dictInvalidFileType: $dropzone.data('invalid-input-type'),
-    dictFileTooBig: $dropzone.data('file-too-big'),
-    dictRemoveFile: $dropzone.data('remove-file'),
-    timeout: 0,
-    thumbnailMethod: 'contain',
-    thumbnailWidth: 480,
-    thumbnailHeight: 480,
-    init() {
-      this.on('success', (file, data) => {
-        file.uuid = data.uuid;
-        const $input = $(`<input id="${data.uuid}" name="files" type="hidden">`).val(data.uuid);
-        $dropzone.find('.files').append($input);
-        // Create a "Copy Link" element, to conveniently copy the image
-        // or file link as Markdown to the clipboard
-        const copyLinkElement = document.createElement('div');
-        copyLinkElement.className = 'tw-text-center';
-        // The a element has a hardcoded cursor: pointer because the default is overridden by .dropzone
-        copyLinkElement.innerHTML = `<a href="#" style="cursor: pointer;">${svg('octicon-copy', 14, 'copy link')} Copy link</a>`;
-        copyLinkElement.addEventListener('click', async (e) => {
-          e.preventDefault();
-          let fileMarkdown = `[${file.name}](/attachments/${file.uuid})`;
-          if (file.type.startsWith('image/')) {
-            fileMarkdown = `!${fileMarkdown}`;
-          } else if (file.type.startsWith('video/')) {
-            fileMarkdown = `<video src="/attachments/${file.uuid}" title="${htmlEscape(file.name)}" controls></video>`;
-          }
-          const success = await clippie(fileMarkdown);
-          showTemporaryTooltip(e.target, success ? i18n.copy_success : i18n.copy_error);
-        });
-        file.previewTemplate.append(copyLinkElement);
-      });
-      this.on('removedfile', (file) => {
-        $(`#${file.uuid}`).remove();
-        if ($dropzone.data('remove-url')) {
-          POST($dropzone.data('remove-url'), {
-            data: new URLSearchParams({file: file.uuid}),
-          });
-        }
-      });
-      this.on('error', function (file, message) {
-        showErrorToast(message);
-        this.removeFile(file);
-      });
-    },
-  });
-}
-
-async function linkAction(e) {
-  // A "link-action" can post AJAX request to its "data-url"
-  // Then the browser is redirected to: the "redirect" in response, or "data-redirect" attribute, or current URL by reloading.
-  // If the "link-action" has "data-modal-confirm" attribute, a confirm modal dialog will be shown before taking action.
-  const el = e.target.closest('.link-action');
-  if (!el) return;
-
-  e.preventDefault();
-  const url = el.getAttribute('data-url');
-  const doRequest = async () => {
-    el.disabled = true;
-    await fetchActionDoRequest(el, url, {method: 'POST'});
-    el.disabled = false;
-  };
-
-  const modalConfirmContent = htmlEscape(el.getAttribute('data-modal-confirm') || '');
-  if (!modalConfirmContent) {
-    await doRequest();
-    return;
-  }
-
-  const isRisky = el.classList.contains('red') || el.classList.contains('negative');
-  if (await confirmModal(modalConfirmContent, {confirmButtonColor: isRisky ? 'red' : 'primary'})) {
-    await doRequest();
-  }
-}
-
-export function initGlobalDeleteButton() {
-  // ".delete-button" shows a confirmation modal defined by `data-modal-id` attribute.
-  // Some model/form elements will be filled by `data-id` / `data-name` / `data-data-xxx` attributes.
-  // If there is a form defined by `data-form`, then the form will be submitted as-is (without any modification).
-  // If there is no form, then the data will be posted to `data-url`.
-  // TODO: it's not encouraged to use this method. `show-modal` does far better than this.
-  for (const btn of document.querySelectorAll('.delete-button')) {
-    btn.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
-      e.preventDefault();
-
-      // eslint-disable-next-line github/no-dataset -- code depends on the camel-casing
-      const dataObj = btn.dataset;
-
-      const modalId = btn.getAttribute('data-modal-id');
-      const modal = document.querySelector(`.delete.modal${modalId ? `#${modalId}` : ''}`);
-
-      // set the modal "display name" by `data-name`
-      const modalNameEl = modal.querySelector('.name');
-      if (modalNameEl) modalNameEl.textContent = btn.getAttribute('data-name');
-
-      // fill the modal elements with data-xxx attributes: `data-data-organization-name="..."` => `<span class="dataOrganizationName">...</span>`
-      for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(dataObj)) {
-        if (key.startsWith('data')) {
-          const textEl = modal.querySelector(`.${key}`);
-          if (textEl) textEl.textContent = value;
-        }
-      }
-
-      $(modal).modal({
-        closable: false,
-        onApprove: async () => {
-          // if `data-type="form"` exists, then submit the form by the selector provided by `data-form="..."`
-          if (btn.getAttribute('data-type') === 'form') {
-            const formSelector = btn.getAttribute('data-form');
-            const form = document.querySelector(formSelector);
-            if (!form) throw new Error(`no form named ${formSelector} found`);
-            form.submit();
-          }
-
-          // prepare an AJAX form by data attributes
-          const postData = new FormData();
-          for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(dataObj)) {
-            if (key.startsWith('data')) { // for data-data-xxx (HTML) -> dataXxx (form)
-              postData.append(key.slice(4), value);
-            }
-            if (key === 'id') { // for data-id="..."
-              postData.append('id', value);
-            }
-          }
-
-          const response = await POST(btn.getAttribute('data-url'), {data: postData});
-          if (response.ok) {
-            const data = await response.json();
-            window.location.href = data.redirect;
-          }
-        },
-      }).modal('show');
-    });
-  }
-}
-
-function initGlobalShowModal() {
-  // A ".show-modal" button will show a modal dialog defined by its "data-modal" attribute.
-  // Each "data-modal-{target}" attribute will be filled to target element's value or text-content.
-  // * First, try to query '#target'
-  // * Then, try to query '.target'
-  // * Then, try to query 'target' as HTML tag
-  // If there is a ".{attr}" part like "data-modal-form.action", then the form's "action" attribute will be set.
-  $('.show-modal').on('click', function (e) {
-    e.preventDefault();
-    const modalSelector = this.getAttribute('data-modal');
-    const $modal = $(modalSelector);
-    if (!$modal.length) {
-      throw new Error('no modal for this action');
-    }
-    const modalAttrPrefix = 'data-modal-';
-    for (const attrib of this.attributes) {
-      if (!attrib.name.startsWith(modalAttrPrefix)) {
-        continue;
-      }
-
-      const attrTargetCombo = attrib.name.substring(modalAttrPrefix.length);
-      const [attrTargetName, attrTargetAttr] = attrTargetCombo.split('.');
-      // try to find target by: "#target" -> ".target" -> "target tag"
-      let $attrTarget = $modal.find(`#${attrTargetName}`);
-      if (!$attrTarget.length) $attrTarget = $modal.find(`.${attrTargetName}`);
-      if (!$attrTarget.length) $attrTarget = $modal.find(`${attrTargetName}`);
-      if (!$attrTarget.length) continue; // TODO: show errors in dev mode to remind developers that there is a bug
-
-      if (attrTargetAttr) {
-        $attrTarget[0][attrTargetAttr] = attrib.value;
-      } else if ($attrTarget[0].matches('input, textarea')) {
-        $attrTarget.val(attrib.value); // FIXME: add more supports like checkbox
-      } else {
-        $attrTarget[0].textContent = attrib.value; // FIXME: it should be more strict here, only handle div/span/p
-      }
-    }
-
-    $modal.modal('setting', {
-      onApprove: () => {
-        // "form-fetch-action" can handle network errors gracefully,
-        // so keep the modal dialog to make users can re-submit the form if anything wrong happens.
-        if ($modal.find('.form-fetch-action').length) return false;
-      },
-    }).modal('show');
-  });
-}
-
-export function initGlobalButtons() {
-  // There are many "cancel button" elements in modal dialogs, Fomantic UI expects they are button-like elements but never submit a form.
-  // However, Gitea misuses the modal dialog and put the cancel buttons inside forms, so we must prevent the form submission.
-  // There are a few cancel buttons in non-modal forms, and there are some dynamically created forms (eg: the "Edit Issue Content")
-  $(document).on('click', 'form button.ui.cancel.button', (e) => {
-    e.preventDefault();
-  });
-
-  $('.show-panel').on('click', function (e) {
-    // a '.show-panel' element can show a panel, by `data-panel="selector"`
-    // if it has "toggle" class, it toggles the panel
-    e.preventDefault();
-    const sel = this.getAttribute('data-panel');
-    if (this.classList.contains('toggle')) {
-      toggleElem(sel);
-    } else {
-      showElem(sel);
-    }
-  });
-
-  $('.hide-panel').on('click', function (e) {
-    // a `.hide-panel` element can hide a panel, by `data-panel="selector"` or `data-panel-closest="selector"`
-    e.preventDefault();
-    let sel = this.getAttribute('data-panel');
-    if (sel) {
-      hideElem($(sel));
-      return;
-    }
-    sel = this.getAttribute('data-panel-closest');
-    if (sel) {
-      hideElem($(this).closest(sel));
-      return;
-    }
-    // should never happen, otherwise there is a bug in code
-    showErrorToast('Nothing to hide');
-  });
-
-  initGlobalShowModal();
-}
-
-/**
- * Too many users set their ROOT_URL to wrong value, and it causes a lot of problems:
- *   * Cross-origin API request without correct cookie
- *   * Incorrect href in <a>
- *   * ...
- * So we check whether current URL starts with AppUrl(ROOT_URL).
- * If they don't match, show a warning to users.
- */
-export function checkAppUrl() {
-  const curUrl = window.location.href;
-  // some users visit "https://domain/gitea" while appUrl is "https://domain/gitea/", there should be no warning
-  if (curUrl.startsWith(appUrl) || `${curUrl}/` === appUrl) {
-    return;
-  }
-  showGlobalErrorMessage(`Your ROOT_URL in app.ini is "${appUrl}", it's unlikely matching the site you are visiting.
-Mismatched ROOT_URL config causes wrong URL links for web UI/mail content/webhook notification/OAuth2 sign-in.`, 'warning');
-}
diff --git a/web_src/js/features/common-page.js b/web_src/js/features/common-page.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..2df16a5584fed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web_src/js/features/common-page.js
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+import $ from 'jquery';
+import {GET} from '../modules/fetch.js';
+import {showGlobalErrorMessage} from '../bootstrap.js';
+
+const {appUrl} = window.config;
+
+export function initHeadNavbarContentToggle() {
+  const navbar = document.querySelector('#navbar');
+  const btn = document.querySelector('#navbar-expand-toggle');
+  if (!navbar || !btn) return;
+
+  btn.addEventListener('click', () => {
+    const isExpanded = btn.classList.contains('active');
+    navbar.classList.toggle('navbar-menu-open', !isExpanded);
+    btn.classList.toggle('active', !isExpanded);
+  });
+}
+
+export function initFootLanguageMenu() {
+  async function linkLanguageAction() {
+    const $this = $(this);
+    await GET($this.data('url'));
+    window.location.reload();
+  }
+
+  $('.language-menu a[lang]').on('click', linkLanguageAction);
+}
+
+export function initGlobalComponents() {
+  // Semantic UI modules.
+  const $uiDropdowns = $('.ui.dropdown');
+
+  // do not init "custom" dropdowns, "custom" dropdowns are managed by their own code.
+  $uiDropdowns.filter(':not(.custom)').dropdown();
+
+  // The "jump" means this dropdown is mainly used for "menu" purpose,
+  // clicking an item will jump to somewhere else or trigger an action/function.
+  // When a dropdown is used for non-refresh actions with tippy,
+  // it must have this "jump" class to hide the tippy when dropdown is closed.
+  $uiDropdowns.filter('.jump').dropdown({
+    action: 'hide',
+    onShow() {
+      // hide associated tooltip while dropdown is open
+      this._tippy?.hide();
+      this._tippy?.disable();
+    },
+    onHide() {
+      this._tippy?.enable();
+
+      // hide all tippy elements of items after a while. eg: use Enter to click "Copy Link" in the Issue Context Menu
+      setTimeout(() => {
+        const $dropdown = $(this);
+        if ($dropdown.dropdown('is hidden')) {
+          $(this).find('.menu > .item').each((_, item) => {
+            item._tippy?.hide();
+          });
+        }
+      }, 2000);
+    },
+  });
+
+  // Special popup-directions, prevent Fomantic from guessing the popup direction.
+  // With default "direction: auto", if the viewport height is small, Fomantic would show the popup upward,
+  //   if the dropdown is at the beginning of the page, then the top part would be clipped by the window view.
+  //   eg: Issue List "Sort" dropdown
+  // But we can not set "direction: downward" for all dropdowns, because there is a bug in dropdown menu positioning when calculating the "left" position,
+  //   which would make some dropdown popups slightly shift out of the right viewport edge in some cases.
+  //   eg: the "Create New Repo" menu on the navbar.
+  $uiDropdowns.filter('.upward').dropdown('setting', 'direction', 'upward');
+  $uiDropdowns.filter('.downward').dropdown('setting', 'direction', 'downward');
+
+  $('.ui.menu.tabular .item').tab({autoTabActivation: false});
+}
+
+/**
+ * Too many users set their ROOT_URL to wrong value, and it causes a lot of problems:
+ *   * Cross-origin API request without correct cookie
+ *   * Incorrect href in <a>
+ *   * ...
+ * So we check whether current URL starts with AppUrl(ROOT_URL).
+ * If they don't match, show a warning to users.
+ */
+export function checkAppUrl() {
+  const curUrl = window.location.href;
+  // some users visit "https://domain/gitea" while appUrl is "https://domain/gitea/", there should be no warning
+  if (curUrl.startsWith(appUrl) || `${curUrl}/` === appUrl) {
+    return;
+  }
+  showGlobalErrorMessage(`Your ROOT_URL in app.ini is "${appUrl}", it's unlikely matching the site you are visiting.
+Mismatched ROOT_URL config causes wrong URL links for web UI/mail content/webhook notification/OAuth2 sign-in.`, 'warning');
+}
diff --git a/web_src/js/features/comp/ComboMarkdownEditor.js b/web_src/js/features/comp/ComboMarkdownEditor.js
index d3fab375a9396..7186989ffa68a 100644
--- a/web_src/js/features/comp/ComboMarkdownEditor.js
+++ b/web_src/js/features/comp/ComboMarkdownEditor.js
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {easyMDEToolbarActions} from './EasyMDEToolbarActions.js';
 import {initTextExpander} from './TextExpander.js';
 import {showErrorToast} from '../../modules/toast.js';
 import {POST} from '../../modules/fetch.js';
+import {initTextareaMarkdown} from './EditorMarkdown.js';
 
 let elementIdCounter = 0;
 
@@ -84,17 +85,6 @@ class ComboMarkdownEditor {
       if (el.nodeName === 'BUTTON' && !el.getAttribute('type')) el.setAttribute('type', 'button');
     }
 
-    this.textarea.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
-      if (e.shiftKey) {
-        e.target._shiftDown = true;
-      }
-    });
-    this.textarea.addEventListener('keyup', (e) => {
-      if (!e.shiftKey) {
-        e.target._shiftDown = false;
-      }
-    });
-
     const monospaceButton = this.container.querySelector('.markdown-switch-monospace');
     const monospaceEnabled = localStorage?.getItem('markdown-editor-monospace') === 'true';
     const monospaceText = monospaceButton.getAttribute(monospaceEnabled ? 'data-disable-text' : 'data-enable-text');
@@ -118,6 +108,7 @@ class ComboMarkdownEditor {
       await this.switchToEasyMDE();
     });
 
+    initTextareaMarkdown(this.textarea);
     if (this.dropzone) {
       initTextareaPaste(this.textarea, this.dropzone);
     }
diff --git a/web_src/js/features/comp/EditorMarkdown.js b/web_src/js/features/comp/EditorMarkdown.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..cf412e3807a37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web_src/js/features/comp/EditorMarkdown.js
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+import {triggerEditorContentChanged} from './Paste.js';
+
+function handleIndentSelection(textarea, e) {
+  const selStart = textarea.selectionStart;
+  const selEnd = textarea.selectionEnd;
+  if (selEnd === selStart) return; // do not process when no selection
+
+  e.preventDefault();
+  const lines = textarea.value.split('\n');
+  const selectedLines = [];
+
+  let pos = 0;
+  for (let i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
+    if (pos > selEnd) break;
+    if (pos >= selStart) selectedLines.push(i);
+    pos += lines[i].length + 1;
+  }
+
+  for (const i of selectedLines) {
+    if (e.shiftKey) {
+      lines[i] = lines[i].replace(/^(\t| {1,2})/, '');
+    } else {
+      lines[i] = `  ${lines[i]}`;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // re-calculating the selection range
+  let newSelStart, newSelEnd;
+  pos = 0;
+  for (let i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
+    if (i === selectedLines[0]) {
+      newSelStart = pos;
+    }
+    if (i === selectedLines[selectedLines.length - 1]) {
+      newSelEnd = pos + lines[i].length;
+      break;
+    }
+    pos += lines[i].length + 1;
+  }
+  textarea.value = lines.join('\n');
+  textarea.setSelectionRange(newSelStart, newSelEnd);
+  triggerEditorContentChanged(textarea);
+}
+
+function handleNewline(textarea, e) {
+  const selStart = textarea.selectionStart;
+  const selEnd = textarea.selectionEnd;
+  if (selEnd !== selStart) return; // do not process when there is a selection
+
+  const value = textarea.value;
+
+  // find the current line
+  // * if selStart is 0, lastIndexOf(..., -1) is the same as lastIndexOf(..., 0)
+  // * if lastIndexOf reruns -1, lineStart is 0 and it is still correct.
+  const lineStart = value.lastIndexOf('\n', selStart - 1) + 1;
+  let lineEnd = value.indexOf('\n', selStart);
+  lineEnd = lineEnd < 0 ? value.length : lineEnd;
+  let line = value.slice(lineStart, lineEnd);
+  if (!line) return; // if the line is empty, do nothing, let the browser handle it
+
+  // parse the indention
+  const indention = /^\s*/.exec(line)[0];
+  line = line.slice(indention.length);
+
+  // parse the prefixes: "1. ", "- ", "* ", "[ ] ", "[x] "
+  // there must be a space after the prefix because none of "1.foo" / "-foo" is a list item
+  const prefixMatch = /^([0-9]+\.|[-*]|\[ \]|\[x\])\s/.exec(line);
+  let prefix = '';
+  if (prefixMatch) {
+    prefix = prefixMatch[0];
+    if (lineStart + prefix.length > selStart) prefix = ''; // do not add new line if cursor is at prefix
+  }
+
+  line = line.slice(prefix.length);
+  if (!indention && !prefix) return; // if no indention and no prefix, do nothing, let the browser handle it
+
+  e.preventDefault();
+  if (!line) {
+    // clear current line if we only have i.e. '1. ' and the user presses enter again to finish creating a list
+    textarea.value = value.slice(0, lineStart) + value.slice(lineEnd);
+  } else {
+    // start a new line with the same indention and prefix
+    let newPrefix = prefix;
+    if (newPrefix === '[x]') newPrefix = '[ ]';
+    if (/^\d+\./.test(newPrefix)) newPrefix = `1. `; // a simple approach, otherwise it needs to parse the lines after the current line
+    const newLine = `\n${indention}${newPrefix}`;
+    textarea.value = value.slice(0, selStart) + newLine + value.slice(selEnd);
+    textarea.setSelectionRange(selStart + newLine.length, selStart + newLine.length);
+  }
+  triggerEditorContentChanged(textarea);
+}
+
+export function initTextareaMarkdown(textarea) {
+  textarea.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
+    if (e.key === 'Tab' && !e.ctrlKey && !e.metaKey && !e.altKey) {
+      // use Tab/Shift-Tab to indent/unindent the selected lines
+      handleIndentSelection(textarea, e);
+    } else if (e.key === 'Enter' && !e.shiftKey && !e.ctrlKey && !e.metaKey && !e.altKey) {
+      // use Enter to insert a new line with the same indention and prefix
+      handleNewline(textarea, e);
+    }
+  });
+}
diff --git a/web_src/js/features/comp/Paste.js b/web_src/js/features/comp/Paste.js
index 35a7ceaef8be2..c72434c4cc65e 100644
--- a/web_src/js/features/comp/Paste.js
+++ b/web_src/js/features/comp/Paste.js
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ async function uploadFile(file, uploadUrl) {
   return await res.json();
 }
 
-function triggerEditorContentChanged(target) {
+export function triggerEditorContentChanged(target) {
   target.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('ce-editor-content-changed', {bubbles: true}));
 }
 
@@ -124,17 +124,19 @@ async function handleClipboardImages(editor, dropzone, images, e) {
   }
 }
 
-function handleClipboardText(textarea, text, e) {
-  // when pasting links over selected text, turn it into [text](link), except when shift key is held
-  const {value, selectionStart, selectionEnd, _shiftDown} = textarea;
-  if (_shiftDown) return;
+function handleClipboardText(textarea, e, {text, isShiftDown}) {
+  // pasting with "shift" means "paste as original content" in most applications
+  if (isShiftDown) return; // let the browser handle it
+
+  // when pasting links over selected text, turn it into [text](link)
+  const {value, selectionStart, selectionEnd} = textarea;
   const selectedText = value.substring(selectionStart, selectionEnd);
   const trimmedText = text.trim();
   if (selectedText && isUrl(trimmedText)) {
-    e.stopPropagation();
     e.preventDefault();
     replaceTextareaSelection(textarea, `[${selectedText}](${trimmedText})`);
   }
+  // else, let the browser handle it
 }
 
 export function initEasyMDEPaste(easyMDE, dropzone) {
@@ -147,12 +149,19 @@ export function initEasyMDEPaste(easyMDE, dropzone) {
 }
 
 export function initTextareaPaste(textarea, dropzone) {
+  let isShiftDown = false;
+  textarea.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
+    if (e.shiftKey) isShiftDown = true;
+  });
+  textarea.addEventListener('keyup', (e) => {
+    if (!e.shiftKey) isShiftDown = false;
+  });
   textarea.addEventListener('paste', (e) => {
     const {images, text} = getPastedContent(e);
     if (images.length) {
       handleClipboardImages(new TextareaEditor(textarea), dropzone, images, e);
     } else if (text) {
-      handleClipboardText(textarea, text, e);
+      handleClipboardText(textarea, e, {text, isShiftDown});
     }
   });
 }
diff --git a/web_src/js/features/dropzone.js b/web_src/js/features/dropzone.js
index e7b8a9dde9e97..b3acaf5e6f09e 100644
--- a/web_src/js/features/dropzone.js
+++ b/web_src/js/features/dropzone.js
@@ -1,3 +1,13 @@
+import $ from 'jquery';
+import {svg} from '../svg.js';
+import {htmlEscape} from 'escape-goat';
+import {clippie} from 'clippie';
+import {showTemporaryTooltip} from '../modules/tippy.js';
+import {POST} from '../modules/fetch.js';
+import {showErrorToast} from '../modules/toast.js';
+
+const {csrfToken, i18n} = window.config;
+
 export async function createDropzone(el, opts) {
   const [{Dropzone}] = await Promise.all([
     import(/* webpackChunkName: "dropzone" */'dropzone'),
@@ -5,3 +15,66 @@ export async function createDropzone(el, opts) {
   ]);
   return new Dropzone(el, opts);
 }
+
+export function initGlobalDropzone() {
+  for (const el of document.querySelectorAll('.dropzone')) {
+    initDropzone(el);
+  }
+}
+
+export function initDropzone(el) {
+  const $dropzone = $(el);
+  const _promise = createDropzone(el, {
+    url: $dropzone.data('upload-url'),
+    headers: {'X-Csrf-Token': csrfToken},
+    maxFiles: $dropzone.data('max-file'),
+    maxFilesize: $dropzone.data('max-size'),
+    acceptedFiles: (['*/*', ''].includes($dropzone.data('accepts'))) ? null : $dropzone.data('accepts'),
+    addRemoveLinks: true,
+    dictDefaultMessage: $dropzone.data('default-message'),
+    dictInvalidFileType: $dropzone.data('invalid-input-type'),
+    dictFileTooBig: $dropzone.data('file-too-big'),
+    dictRemoveFile: $dropzone.data('remove-file'),
+    timeout: 0,
+    thumbnailMethod: 'contain',
+    thumbnailWidth: 480,
+    thumbnailHeight: 480,
+    init() {
+      this.on('success', (file, data) => {
+        file.uuid = data.uuid;
+        const $input = $(`<input id="${data.uuid}" name="files" type="hidden">`).val(data.uuid);
+        $dropzone.find('.files').append($input);
+        // Create a "Copy Link" element, to conveniently copy the image
+        // or file link as Markdown to the clipboard
+        const copyLinkElement = document.createElement('div');
+        copyLinkElement.className = 'tw-text-center';
+        // The a element has a hardcoded cursor: pointer because the default is overridden by .dropzone
+        copyLinkElement.innerHTML = `<a href="#" style="cursor: pointer;">${svg('octicon-copy', 14, 'copy link')} Copy link</a>`;
+        copyLinkElement.addEventListener('click', async (e) => {
+          e.preventDefault();
+          let fileMarkdown = `[${file.name}](/attachments/${file.uuid})`;
+          if (file.type.startsWith('image/')) {
+            fileMarkdown = `!${fileMarkdown}`;
+          } else if (file.type.startsWith('video/')) {
+            fileMarkdown = `<video src="/attachments/${file.uuid}" title="${htmlEscape(file.name)}" controls></video>`;
+          }
+          const success = await clippie(fileMarkdown);
+          showTemporaryTooltip(e.target, success ? i18n.copy_success : i18n.copy_error);
+        });
+        file.previewTemplate.append(copyLinkElement);
+      });
+      this.on('removedfile', (file) => {
+        $(`#${file.uuid}`).remove();
+        if ($dropzone.data('remove-url')) {
+          POST($dropzone.data('remove-url'), {
+            data: new URLSearchParams({file: file.uuid}),
+          });
+        }
+      });
+      this.on('error', function (file, message) {
+        showErrorToast(message);
+        this.removeFile(file);
+      });
+    },
+  });
+}
diff --git a/web_src/js/features/repo-issue.js b/web_src/js/features/repo-issue.js
index d53c3346f33cf..fb5b3b191d11a 100644
--- a/web_src/js/features/repo-issue.js
+++ b/web_src/js/features/repo-issue.js
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import {hideElem, showElem, toggleElem} from '../utils/dom.js';
 import {setFileFolding} from './file-fold.js';
 import {getComboMarkdownEditor, initComboMarkdownEditor} from './comp/ComboMarkdownEditor.js';
 import {toAbsoluteUrl} from '../utils.js';
-import {initDropzone} from './common-global.js';
+import {initDropzone} from './dropzone.js';
 import {POST, GET} from '../modules/fetch.js';
 import {showErrorToast} from '../modules/toast.js';
 
diff --git a/web_src/js/features/user-auth.js b/web_src/js/features/user-auth.js
index 1ea131e75f24a..355843ccf2238 100644
--- a/web_src/js/features/user-auth.js
+++ b/web_src/js/features/user-auth.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import {checkAppUrl} from './common-global.js';
+import {checkAppUrl} from './common-page.js';
 
 export function initUserAuthOauth2() {
   const outer = document.querySelector('#oauth2-login-navigator');
diff --git a/web_src/js/globals.js b/web_src/js/globals.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..24974da90e247
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web_src/js/globals.js
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import jquery from 'jquery';
+import htmx from 'htmx.org/dist/htmx.esm.js';
+
+window.$ = window.jQuery = jquery;
+window.htmx = htmx;
diff --git a/web_src/js/htmx.js b/web_src/js/htmx.js
index 5ca30183082d7..6169d2f82f291 100644
--- a/web_src/js/htmx.js
+++ b/web_src/js/htmx.js
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import * as htmx from 'htmx.org';
 import {showErrorToast} from './modules/toast.js';
 
 // https://github.com/bigskysoftware/idiomorph#htmx
diff --git a/web_src/js/index.js b/web_src/js/index.js
index 12cd0ee15a2ad..aa7e0d2caa502 100644
--- a/web_src/js/index.js
+++ b/web_src/js/index.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // bootstrap module must be the first one to be imported, it handles webpack lazy-loading and global errors
 import './bootstrap.js';
+import './htmx.js';
 
 import {initRepoActivityTopAuthorsChart} from './components/RepoActivityTopAuthors.vue';
 import {initScopedAccessTokenCategories} from './components/ScopedAccessTokenSelector.vue';
@@ -35,17 +36,6 @@ import {
   initRepoPullRequestReview, initRepoIssueSidebarList, initArchivedLabelHandler,
 } from './features/repo-issue.js';
 import {initRepoEllipsisButton, initCommitStatuses} from './features/repo-commit.js';
-import {
-  initFootLanguageMenu,
-  initGlobalButtonClickOnEnter,
-  initGlobalButtons,
-  initGlobalCommon,
-  initGlobalDropzone,
-  initGlobalEnterQuickSubmit,
-  initGlobalFormDirtyLeaveConfirm,
-  initGlobalDeleteButton,
-  initHeadNavbarContentToggle,
-} from './features/common-global.js';
 import {initRepoTopicBar} from './features/repo-home.js';
 import {initAdminEmails} from './features/admin/emails.js';
 import {initAdminCommon} from './features/admin/common.js';
@@ -77,7 +67,7 @@ import {initCaptcha} from './features/captcha.js';
 import {initRepositoryActionView} from './components/RepoActionView.vue';
 import {initGlobalTooltips} from './modules/tippy.js';
 import {initGiteaFomantic} from './modules/fomantic.js';
-import {onDomReady} from './utils/dom.js';
+import {initSubmitEventPolyfill, onDomReady} from './utils/dom.js';
 import {initRepoIssueList} from './features/repo-issue-list.js';
 import {initCommonIssueListQuickGoto} from './features/common-issue-list.js';
 import {initRepoContributors} from './features/contributors.js';
@@ -88,14 +78,26 @@ import {initDirAuto} from './modules/dirauto.js';
 import {initRepositorySearch} from './features/repo-search.js';
 import {initColorPickers} from './features/colorpicker.js';
 import {initAdminSelfCheck} from './features/admin/selfcheck.js';
+import {initGlobalFetchAction} from './features/common-fetch-action.js';
+import {initFootLanguageMenu, initGlobalComponents, initHeadNavbarContentToggle} from './features/common-page.js';
+import {
+  initGlobalButtonClickOnEnter,
+  initGlobalButtons,
+  initGlobalDeleteButton,
+  initGlobalShowModal,
+} from './features/common-button.js';
+import {initGlobalDropzone} from './features/dropzone.js';
+import {initGlobalEnterQuickSubmit, initGlobalFormDirtyLeaveConfirm} from './features/common-form.js';
 
 // Init Gitea's Fomantic settings
 initGiteaFomantic();
 initDirAuto();
+initSubmitEventPolyfill();
 
 onDomReady(() => {
-  initGlobalCommon();
-
+  initGlobalComponents();
+  initGlobalShowModal();
+  initGlobalFetchAction();
   initGlobalTooltips();
   initGlobalButtonClickOnEnter();
   initGlobalButtons();
diff --git a/web_src/js/jquery.js b/web_src/js/jquery.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 6b2199896c056..0000000000000
--- a/web_src/js/jquery.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-import $ from 'jquery';
-
-window.$ = window.jQuery = $; // eslint-disable-line no-jquery/variable-pattern
diff --git a/webpack.config.js b/webpack.config.js
index fdf80a5313f82..80703c7448940 100644
--- a/webpack.config.js
+++ b/webpack.config.js
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export default {
   mode: isProduction ? 'production' : 'development',
   entry: {
     index: [
-      fileURLToPath(new URL('web_src/js/jquery.js', import.meta.url)),
+      fileURLToPath(new URL('web_src/js/globals.js', import.meta.url)),
       fileURLToPath(new URL('web_src/fomantic/build/semantic.js', import.meta.url)),
       fileURLToPath(new URL('web_src/js/index.js', import.meta.url)),
       fileURLToPath(new URL('node_modules/easymde/dist/easymde.min.css', import.meta.url)),
@@ -195,9 +195,6 @@ export default {
     ],
   },
   plugins: [
-    new webpack.ProvidePlugin({ // for htmx extensions
-      htmx: 'htmx.org',
-    }),
     new DefinePlugin({
       __VUE_OPTIONS_API__: true, // at the moment, many Vue components still use the Vue Options API
       __VUE_PROD_DEVTOOLS__: false, // do not enable devtools support in production