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LilyGo LoRa Series Quick Start On The Things Network

English | 中文

Index

Required

LoRaWAN End Device: T-Motion S76G

LoRaWAN Gateway: Raspberrypi Model 3B + T-SX1302

raspios: raspios_lite_arm64-2022-01-28

TTN Version: v3.15.1

Create a gateway on TTN

  1. Log in to https://console.cloud.thethings.network/

  2. Select the cluster according to the frequency band supported by the gateway

cluster_picker

The frequency band supported by T-SX1302 is 868MHZ, here you need to select the Europe1 cluster

! Warning

Legacy V2 Console is a server of TTN V2 version, it will be closed in December 2021, it is not recommended to use

  1. Create a gateway

create_gateways

  1. Configure gateway information

It needs to fill in a unique Gateway EUI, if there is no better choice, you can use the MAC address of the Raspberry Pi

config_gateway_info

  1. Select frequency

slelct_frequenry

Run sx1302_hal on the Raspberry Pi

NOTE

The LoRaWAN gateway that has been connected to TTN, you can ignore this section

Enable the SPI interface of the Raspberry Pi

Open the /boot/config.txt file and write the following at the end of the file:

dtoverlay=spi0-1cs

Download sx1302_hal source code and compile

  1. Download source code:
cd ~
git clone https://github.com/Lora-net/sx1302_hal.git
cd sx1302_hal
git checkout V2.1.0
  1. Modify the source code

Because sx1302 hal cannot read the temperature of T-SX1302, some codes in libloragw/src/loragw_hal.c need to be commented:

diff --git a/libloragw/src/loragw_hal.c b/libloragw/src/loragw_hal.c
index ffc8ec0..504bb42 100644
--- a/libloragw/src/loragw_hal.c
+++ b/libloragw/src/loragw_hal.c
@@ -1093,6 +1093,7 @@ int lgw_start(void) {
     dbg_init_random();

     if (CONTEXT_COM_TYPE == LGW_COM_SPI) {
+#if 0
         /* Find the temperature sensor on the known supported ports */
         for (i = 0; i < (int)(sizeof I2C_PORT_TEMP_SENSOR); i++) {
             ts_addr = I2C_PORT_TEMP_SENSOR[i];
@@ -1116,7 +1117,7 @@ int lgw_start(void) {
             printf("ERROR: no temperature sensor found.\n");
             return LGW_HAL_ERROR;
         }
-
+#endif
         /* Configure ADC AD338R for full duplex (CN490 reference design) */
         if (CONTEXT_BOARD.full_duplex == true) {
             err = i2c_linuxdev_open(I2C_DEVICE, I2C_PORT_DAC_AD5338R, &ad_fd);
@@ -1285,14 +1286,14 @@ int lgw_receive(uint8_t max_pkt, struct lgw_pkt_rx_s *pkt_data) {
         nb_pkt_left = nb_pkt_fetched - max_pkt;
         printf("WARNING: not enough space allocated, fetched %d packet(s), %d will be left in RX buffer\n", nb_pkt_fetched, nb_pkt_left);
     }
-
+#if 0
     /* Apply RSSI temperature compensation */
     res = lgw_get_temperature(&current_temperature);
     if (res != LGW_I2C_SUCCESS) {
         printf("ERROR: failed to get current temperature\n");
         return LGW_HAL_ERROR;
     }
-
+#endif
     /* Iterate on the RX buffer to get parsed packets */
     for (nb_pkt_found = 0; nb_pkt_found < ((nb_pkt_fetched <= max_pkt) ? nb_pkt_fetched : max_pkt); nb_pkt_found++) {
         /* Get packet and move to next one */

Change the reset pin of T-SX1302 to GPIO7:

diff --git a/tools/reset_lgw.sh b/tools/reset_lgw.sh
index b58f0e9..56ff943 100755
--- a/tools/reset_lgw.sh
+++ b/tools/reset_lgw.sh
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 # GPIO mapping has to be adapted with HW
 #

-SX1302_RESET_PIN=23     # SX1302 reset
+SX1302_RESET_PIN=7      # SX1302 reset
 SX1302_POWER_EN_PIN=18  # SX1302 power enable
 SX1261_RESET_PIN=22     # SX1261 reset (LBT / Spectral Scan)
 AD5338R_RESET_PIN=13    # AD5338R reset (full-duplex CN490 reference design)
@@ -90,4 +90,4 @@ case "$1" in
     ;;
 esac
  1. compile
make clean all
make install
make install_conf

Configure global_conf

cd ~/sx1302_hal/bin
touch global_conf.json.sx1250.T-SX1302

Add the following content to global_conf.json.sx1250.T-SX1302 :

{
    "SX130x_conf": {
        "com_type": "SPI",
        "com_path": "/dev/spidev0.0",
        "lorawan_public": true,
        "clksrc": 0,
        "antenna_gain": 0, /* antenna gain, in dBi */
        "full_duplex": false,
        "precision_timestamp": {
            "enable": false,
            "max_ts_metrics": 255,
            "nb_symbols": 1
        },
        "radio_0": {
            "enable": true,
            "type": "SX1250",
            "freq": 867500000,
            "rssi_offset": -215.4,
            "rssi_tcomp": {
                "coeff_a": 0,
                "coeff_b": 0,
                "coeff_c": 20.41,
                "coeff_d": 2162.56,
                "coeff_e": 0
            },
            "tx_enable": true,
            "tx_freq_min": 863000000,
            "tx_freq_max": 870000000,
            "tx_gain_lut": [
                {
                    "rf_power": 12,
                    "pa_gain": 0,
                    "pwr_idx": 15
                },
                {
                    "rf_power": 13,
                    "pa_gain": 0,
                    "pwr_idx": 16
                },
                {
                    "rf_power": 14,
                    "pa_gain": 0,
                    "pwr_idx": 17
                },
                {
                    "rf_power": 15,
                    "pa_gain": 0,
                    "pwr_idx": 19
                },
                {
                    "rf_power": 16,
                    "pa_gain": 0,
                    "pwr_idx": 20
                },
                {
                    "rf_power": 17,
                    "pa_gain": 0,
                    "pwr_idx": 22
                },
                {
                    "rf_power": 18,
                    "pa_gain": 1,
                    "pwr_idx": 1
                },
                {
                    "rf_power": 19,
                    "pa_gain": 1,
                    "pwr_idx": 2
                },
                {
                    "rf_power": 20,
                    "pa_gain": 1,
                    "pwr_idx": 3
                },
                {
                    "rf_power": 21,
                    "pa_gain": 1,
                    "pwr_idx": 4
                },
                {
                    "rf_power": 22,
                    "pa_gain": 1,
                    "pwr_idx": 5
                },
                {
                    "rf_power": 23,
                    "pa_gain": 1,
                    "pwr_idx": 6
                },
                {
                    "rf_power": 24,
                    "pa_gain": 1,
                    "pwr_idx": 7
                },
                {
                    "rf_power": 25,
                    "pa_gain": 1,
                    "pwr_idx": 9
                },
                {
                    "rf_power": 26,
                    "pa_gain": 1,
                    "pwr_idx": 11
                },
                {
                    "rf_power": 27,
                    "pa_gain": 1,
                    "pwr_idx": 14
                }
            ]
        },
        "radio_1": {
            "enable": true,
            "type": "SX1250",
            "freq": 868500000,
            "rssi_offset": -215.4,
            "rssi_tcomp": {
                "coeff_a": 0,
                "coeff_b": 0,
                "coeff_c": 20.41,
                "coeff_d": 2162.56,
                "coeff_e": 0
            },
            "tx_enable": true
        },
        "chan_multiSF_0": {
            "enable": true,
            "radio": 1,
            "if": -400000
        },
        "chan_multiSF_1": {
            "enable": true,
            "radio": 1,
            "if": -200000
        },
        "chan_multiSF_2": {
            "enable": true,
            "radio": 1,
            "if": 0
        },
        "chan_multiSF_3": {
            "enable": true,
            "radio": 0,
            "if": -400000
        },
        "chan_multiSF_4": {
            "enable": true,
            "radio": 0,
            "if": -200000
        },
        "chan_multiSF_5": {
            "enable": true,
            "radio": 0,
            "if": 0
        },
        "chan_multiSF_6": {
            "enable": true,
            "radio": 0,
            "if": 200000
        },
        "chan_multiSF_7": {
            "enable": true,
            "radio": 0,
            "if": 400000
        },
        "chan_Lora_std": {
            "enable": true,
            "radio": 1,
            "if": -200000,
            "bandwidth": 250000,
            "spread_factor": 7,
            "implicit_hdr": false,
            "implicit_payload_length": 17,
            "implicit_crc_en": false,
            "implicit_coderate": 1
        },
        "chan_FSK": {
            "enable": true,
            "radio": 1,
            "if": 300000,
            "bandwidth": 125000,
            "datarate": 50000
        }
    },
    "gateway_conf": {
        "gateway_ID": "b827ebFFFEfc7af0",
        /* change with default server address/ports */
        "server_address": "eu1.cloud.thethings.network",
        "serv_port_up": 1700,
        "serv_port_down": 1700,
        /* adjust the following parameters for your network */
        "keepalive_interval": 10,
        "stat_interval": 30,
        "push_timeout_ms": 100,
        /* forward only valid packets */
        "forward_crc_valid": true,
        "forward_crc_error": false,
        "forward_crc_disabled": false,
        /* GPS configuration */
        //"gps_tty_path": "/dev/ttyS0",
        /* GPS reference coordinates */
        // "ref_latitude": 0.0,
        //"ref_longitude": 0.0,
        //"ref_altitude": 0,
        /* Beaconing parameters */
        "beacon_period": 0,
        "beacon_freq_hz": 869525000,
        "beacon_datarate": 9,
        "beacon_bw_hz": 125000,
        "beacon_power": 14,
        "beacon_infodesc": 0
    },
    "debug_conf": {
        "ref_payload": [
            {
                "id": "0xCAFE1234"
            },
            {
                "id": "0xCAFE2345"
            }
        ],
        "log_file": "loragw_hal.log"
    }
}

Among them, gateway_ID is modified to b827ebFFFEfc7af0

server_address is changed to eu1.cloud.thethings.network

These information should be consistent with the Gateway information created on TTN

lilygo_gateway_overview

NOTE

serv_port_up and serv_port_down are 1700

Run sx1302_hal

cd ~/sx1302_hal/bin
./lora_pkt_fwd -c global_conf.json.sx1250.T-SX1302

Check gateway connection status

Check if the gateway is successfully connected on TTN

gateway_status

Create end device model on TTN

Enter the create Application page

create_app

config_app_info

Create end device

Create a lorawan device, use OTAA to access the network by default

add_end_device

register_end_device

NOTE

DevEUI, AppEUI, AppKey can be selected to generate

LoRaWAN End Device

Firmware Compile

  1. Download Example code
git clone https://github.com/Xinyuan-LilyGO/LilyGo-LoRa-Series.git
  1. Create Arduino project

Go to the LilyGo-LoRa-Series\examples\TTN\TTN_OTTA directory and modify the TTN_OTTA.cpp file to TTN_OTTA.ino

Open TTN_OTTA.ino and configure the project as follows:

board_config

  1. Modify board information

Make the following changes to utilities.h·:

diff --git a/examples/TTN/TTN_OTTA/utilities.h b/examples/TTN/TTN_OTTA/utilities.h
index 2874773..9b8aade 100644
--- a/examples/TTN/TTN_OTTA/utilities.h
+++ b/examples/TTN/TTN_OTTA/utilities.h
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 // #define LILYGO_T3_V1_0
 // #define LILYGO_T3_V1_6
 // #define LILYGO_T3_V2_0
-// #define LILYGO_T_MOTION_S76G
+#define LILYGO_T_MOTION_S76G

 // #define LILYGO_T_MOTION_S78G         //Not support
 /*
@@ -171,12 +171,3 @@
 #else
 #error "Please select the version you purchased in utilities.h"
 #endif
  1. Modify LoRaWAN network access information

Fill the DevEUI, AppEUI, AppKey generated on TTN into the loramac.cpp file according to the corresponding byte order:

lorawan_info_modify

Compiled successfully:

build_successfully

Flash Onto The Device

  1. Insert T-Motion S76G into the USB port of the PC

  2. Press and hold the BOOT button, then press the RESET button, and click the upload button in the Arduino IDE

  3. The firmware is successfully burned as follows

    image-20211022100643008

  4. Reconnect T-Motion S76G to the USB port of the PC

Example Output

Use the serial port debugging tool, select the DTR check box, plug the T-Motion S76G into the USB interface of the PC and quickly open the serial port, you can see the debugging information output

serial_output

On TTN, you can see that the data in the MAC payload field is consistent with the data sent in loramac.cpp

image-20211022134750832

Q&A

LMIC error occurs when building T-Motion S76G firmware

The following problems occur because of the incompatibility of the LMIC library version:

loramac.cpp:25:1: error: 'const lmic_pinmap' has no non-static data member named 'rx_level'
   25 | };
      | ^
exit status 1
'const lmic_pinmap' has no non-static data member named 'rx_level'

Make the following modifications to the loramac.cpp file:

diff --git a/examples/TTN/TTN_OTTA/loramac.cpp b/examples/TTN/TTN_OTTA/loramac.cpp
index 896be89..6b39f54 100644
--- a/examples/TTN/TTN_OTTA/loramac.cpp
+++ b/examples/TTN/TTN_OTTA/loramac.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ const lmic_pinmap lmic_pins = {
     .rxtx = RADIO_SWITCH_PIN,
     .rst =  RADIO_RST_PIN,
     .dio = {RADIO_DIO0_PIN, RADIO_DIO1_PIN, RADIO_DIO2_PIN},
-    .rx_level = HIGH
+    //.rx_level = HIGH
 };
 #else
 const lmic_pinmap lmic_pins = {
@@ -217,5 +217,3 @@ void loopLMIC(void)
 {
     os_runloop_once();
 }

Version History

Version Major changes Date Author
1.0.0 Initial release 2021/10/22 liangyy