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Simplifier

Simplifier is a framework for the deobfuscation of Mixed Boolean-Arithmetic (MBA) expressions. It was designed with a focus on performance and scalability to real-world MBAs.

Design

We implement several structural and algorithmic optimizations, namely:

  • Expressions are represented as hash-consed, immutable nodes in a directed acyclic graph
  • Term rewriting is performed using ISLE, allowing rules to be expressed declaratively and lowered to more efficient tree matching code.
  • Caching is used to avoid duplicated work
  • The number of substitutions and SiMBA invocations is carefully minimized

Usage

To simplify a single expression, use:

Simplifier.exe "expr"

As an example:

$ Simplifier.exe "7471873370*~(16832296021645948&y) + 3735936685*16832296021645948 + 3735936685*y + 7471922744 - 49374"

Expression: (((((7471873370*(~(16832296021645948&y)))+(3735936685*16832296021645948))+(3735936685*y))+7471922744)-49374)

Simplified to: (3735936685*(16832296021645948^y))

The executable accepts several arguments, e.g., -b for specifying the bit width of the input expression, and -z for proving the equivalence between the input expression and the simplified result. Use the command line option -h to see the available settings.

Supported Platforms

Simplifier is only supported on Windows. Note that both Visual Studio 2022 and ClangCL are required to build the project.

Building

Clone Simplifier:

git clone --recursive https://github.com/mazeworks-security/Simplifier.git
cd Simplifier

Build EqSat in release mode:

cd EqSat
cargo build --release

Build Simplifier in release mode:

  • Open Simplifier.sln with visual studio
  • Change the build configuration from Debug to Release
  • Build the solution

Building Simplifier requires .NET 8 and Visual Studio 2022 w/ ClangCL.

Status

Simplifier has reached a stage where it works quite well on general MBAs. That said, it is still under active development.

Equality Saturation

Simplifier contains an equality saturation based simplifier. To enable it alongside the standard simplification routine, use the -e flag.

Example:

Simplifier.exe "x+y" -e

Note that the equality saturation based simplifier should not be used in general - it is superseded by the general simplification algorithm.