Update readme to provide more context and details

[kabilar]

• Update section names as follows (or to something similar)
  • Rename Distributed segmentation to Parallelized Segmentation of Large-Scale Volumetric Zarr Images
  • Rename Light-Sheet Microscopy Synthesis to Domain-Randomized Image-Label Pair Synthesis
  • Rename Analysis to Zero-Shot Segmentation of Light-Sheet Microscopy Data Using Domain-Randomized Generative Models
• Add background context and "results" for each section
  • For example, with the Distributed Segmentation section please explain the size of data, where the data is stored, current challenges, what technologies are used to solve the challenges, etc.
  • Add diagrams and figures of intermediary and "final" results.
  • Feel free to pull some of your figures and text from your thesis into the repo.
• Add links to the relevant notebooks
• Add hardware details to installation section (e.g. CPU, GPU, RAM requirements)