no-loop-func.js

/**
 * @fileoverview Rule to flag creation of function inside a loop
 * @author Ilya Volodin
 */

"use strict";

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Helpers
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/**
 * Identifies is a node is a FunctionExpression which is part of an IIFE
 * @param {ASTNode} node Node to test
 * @returns {boolean} True if it's an IIFE
 */
function isIIFE(node) {
    return (node.type === "FunctionExpression" || node.type === "ArrowFunctionExpression") && node.parent && node.parent.type === "CallExpression" && node.parent.callee === node;
}

/**
 * Gets the containing loop node of a specified node.
 *
 * We don't need to check nested functions, so this ignores those.
 * `Scope.through` contains references of nested functions.
 * @param {ASTNode} node An AST node to get.
 * @returns {ASTNode|null} The containing loop node of the specified node, or
 *      `null`.
 */
function getContainingLoopNode(node) {
    for (let currentNode = node; currentNode.parent; currentNode = currentNode.parent) {
        const parent = currentNode.parent;

        switch (parent.type) {
            case "WhileStatement":
            case "DoWhileStatement":
                return parent;

            case "ForStatement":

                // `init` is outside of the loop.
                if (parent.init !== currentNode) {
                    return parent;
                }
                break;

            case "ForInStatement":
            case "ForOfStatement":

                // `right` is outside of the loop.
                if (parent.right !== currentNode) {
                    return parent;
                }
                break;

            case "ArrowFunctionExpression":
            case "FunctionExpression":
            case "FunctionDeclaration":
                if (isIIFE(node)) {
                    break;
                }
                return null;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }

    return null;
}

/**
 * Gets the containing loop node of a given node.
 * If the loop was nested, this returns the most outer loop.
 * @param {ASTNode} node A node to get. This is a loop node.
 * @param {ASTNode|null} excludedNode A node that the result node should not
 *      include.
 * @returns {ASTNode} The most outer loop node.
 */
function getTopLoopNode(node, excludedNode) {
    const border = excludedNode ? excludedNode.range[1] : 0;
    let retv = node;
    let containingLoopNode = node;

    while (containingLoopNode && containingLoopNode.range[0] >= border) {
        retv = containingLoopNode;
        containingLoopNode = getContainingLoopNode(containingLoopNode);
    }

    return retv;
}

/**
 * Checks whether a given reference which refers to an upper scope's variable is
 * safe or not.
 * @param {ASTNode} loopNode A containing loop node.
 * @param {eslint-scope.Reference} reference A reference to check.
 * @returns {boolean} `true` if the reference is safe or not.
 */
function isSafe(loopNode, reference) {
    const variable = reference.resolved;
    const definition = variable && variable.defs[0];
    const declaration = definition && definition.parent;
    const kind = (declaration && declaration.type === "VariableDeclaration")
        ? declaration.kind
        : "";

    // Variables which are declared by `const` is safe.
    if (kind === "const") {
        return true;
    }

    /*
     * Variables which are declared by `let` in the loop is safe.
     * It's a different instance from the next loop step's.
     */
    if (kind === "let" &&
        declaration.range[0] > loopNode.range[0] &&
        declaration.range[1] < loopNode.range[1]
    ) {
        return true;
    }

    /*
     * WriteReferences which exist after this border are unsafe because those
     * can modify the variable.
     */
    const border = getTopLoopNode(
        loopNode,
        (kind === "let") ? declaration : null
    ).range[0];

    /**
     * Checks whether a given reference is safe or not.
     * The reference is every reference of the upper scope's variable we are
     * looking now.
     *
     * It's safe if the reference matches one of the following condition.
     * - is readonly.
     * - doesn't exist inside a local function and after the border.
     * @param {eslint-scope.Reference} upperRef A reference to check.
     * @returns {boolean} `true` if the reference is safe.
     */
    function isSafeReference(upperRef) {
        const id = upperRef.identifier;

        return (
            !upperRef.isWrite() ||
            variable.scope.variableScope === upperRef.from.variableScope &&
            id.range[0] < border
        );
    }

    return Boolean(variable) && variable.references.every(isSafeReference);
}


//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Rule Definition
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/** @type {import('../shared/types').Rule} */
module.exports = {
    meta: {
        type: "suggestion",

        docs: {
            description: "Disallow function declarations that contain unsafe references inside loop statements",
            recommended: false,
            url: "https://eslint.org/docs/latest/rules/no-loop-func"
        },

        schema: [],

        messages: {
            unsafeRefs: "Function declared in a loop contains unsafe references to variable(s) {{ varNames }}."
        }
    },

    create(context) {

        const sourceCode = context.sourceCode;

        /**
         * Reports functions which match the following condition:
         *
         * - has a loop node in ancestors.
         * - has any references which refers to an unsafe variable.
         * @param {ASTNode} node The AST node to check.
         * @returns {void}
         */
        function checkForLoops(node) {
            const loopNode = getContainingLoopNode(node);

            if (!loopNode) {
                return;
            }

            const references = sourceCode.getScope(node).through;
            const unsafeRefs = references.filter(r => r.resolved && !isSafe(loopNode, r));
            const unsafeRefsName = unsafeRefs.map(r => r.identifier.name);

            // Check if the function is not asynchronous or a generator function
            if (!(node.async || node.generator)) {
                const parentNode = node.parent;
                const isFunctionExpression = node.type === "FunctionExpression";
                const ArrowFunctionExpression = node.type === "ArrowFunctionExpression";

                if (parentNode.type === "CallExpression" && (isFunctionExpression || ArrowFunctionExpression)) {

                    // Check if the function is referenced elsewhere in the code
                    const isFunctionReferenced = isFunctionExpression && node.id ? references.some(r => r.identifier.name === node.id.name) : false;

                    // Check if there are unsafe references used within non-immediately-invoked nested functions
                    const hasUnsafeRefsInNonIIFE = unsafeRefs.some(r => {
                        let refScope = r.from.variableScope;

                        if (node === refScope.block) {
                            return !isIIFE(refScope.block);
                        }

                        while (node !== refScope.block) {
                            if (!isIIFE(refScope.block)) {
                                return true;
                            }
                            refScope = refScope.upper.variableScope;
                        }

                        return false;
                    });

                    if (!isFunctionReferenced && !hasUnsafeRefsInNonIIFE) {
                        return;
                    }
                }
            }

            if (unsafeRefsName.length > 0) {
                context.report({
                    node,
                    messageId: "unsafeRefs",
                    data: { varNames: `'${unsafeRefsName.join("', '")}'` }
                });
            }
        }

        return {
            ArrowFunctionExpression: checkForLoops,
            FunctionExpression: checkForLoops,
            FunctionDeclaration: checkForLoops
        };
    }
};