init.lua

--- === hs.loupedeck ===
---
--- Control surface support for the Loupedeck CT, Loupedeck Live, Loupedeck Live-S and Razer Stream Controller.
---
--- Special thanks to William Viker & Håkon Nessjøen for their [NodeJS experiments](https://github.com/bitfocus/loupedeck-ct).
---
--- Special thanks to [Max Maischein](https://github.com/Corion) for his [HID-LoupedeckCT](https://github.com/Corion/HID-LoupedeckCT) experiments.

local log               = require "hs.logger".new("loupedeck")

local bytes             = require "hs.bytes"
local drawing           = require "hs.drawing"
local inspect           = require "hs.inspect"
local network           = require "hs.network"
local serial            = require "hs.serial"
local timer             = require "hs.timer"
local utf8              = require "hs.utf8"

local just              = require "cp.just"
local tools             = require "cp.tools"
local wshttp            = require "cp.websocket.http"
local wsserial          = require "cp.websocket.serial"

local semver            = require "semver"

local concat            = table.concat
local doAfter           = timer.doAfter
local floor             = math.floor
local format            = string.format
local hexDump           = utf8.hexDump
local tableContains     = tools.tableContains
local tableMatch        = tools.tableMatch

local bytesToHex        = bytes.bytesToHex
local hexToBytes        = bytes.hexToBytes
local int16be           = bytes.int16be
local int8              = bytes.int8
local remainder         = bytes.remainder
local uint16be          = bytes.uint16be
local uint16le          = bytes.uint16le
local uint24be          = bytes.uint24be
local uint32be          = bytes.uint32be
local uint8             = bytes.uint8

-- LOUPEDECK_VENDOR_ID -> number
-- Constant
-- Loupedeck's USB Vendor ID
local LOUPEDECK_VENDOR_ID = 11970

-- RAZER_VENDOR_ID -> number
-- Constant
-- Razer's USB Vendor ID
local RAZER_VENDOR_ID = 0x1532

-- LOUPEDECK_CT_ID -> number
-- Constant
-- Loupedeck CT USB Product ID
local LOUPEDECK_CT_ID = 3

-- LOUPEDECK_LIVE_ID -> number
-- Constant
-- Loupedeck LIVE USB Product ID
local LOUPEDECK_LIVE_ID = 4

-- LOUPEDECK_LIVE_S_ID -> number
-- Constant
-- Loupedeck Live-S USB Product ID
local LOUPEDECK_LIVE_S_ID = 0x0006

-- RAZER_STREAM_CONTROLLER_ID -> number
-- Constant
-- Razer Stream Controller USB Product ID
local RAZER_STREAM_CONTROLLER_ID = 0x0d06

local mod = {}
mod.mt = {}
mod.mt.__index = mod.mt

--- hs.loupedeck.deviceTypes -> table
--- Constant
--- A table containing the device types.
mod.deviceTypes = {
    CT                          = "Loupedeck CT",
    LIVE                        = "Loupedeck Live",
    LIVE_S                      = "Loupedeck Live-S",
    RAZER_STREAM_CONTROLLER     = "Razer Stream Controller",
}

--- hs.loupedeck:registerCallback([callbackFn]) -> number
--- Method
--- Registers a callback.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * [callbackFn] - The optional callback function
---
--- Returns:
---  * If `callbackFn` is supplied a unique callback id between 2 and 255, otherwise 1.
function mod.mt:registerCallback(callbackFn)
    if type(callbackFn) == "function" then
        local id
        for i=2, 255 do
            if not self.callbackRegister[i] then
                id = i
                break
            end
        end
        if not id then
            log.ef("Unexpected error: All 256 callback IDs are already allocated, so ignoring this callback registration.")
            return 1
        end
        self.callbackRegister[id] = callbackFn
        return id
    else
        return 1
    end
end

--- hs.loupedeck.getCallback(id[, preserve]) -> function | nil
--- Function
--- Retrieves the callback function at the specified id.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * id        - the callback ID to retrieve
---  * preserve  - (optional) if `true`, the callback will not be cleared from the register. defaults to `false`.
---
--- Returns:
---  * The callback `function`, or `nil` if not available.
function mod.mt:getCallback(id, preserve)
    local callback = self.callbackRegister[id]
    if not preserve then
        self.callbackRegister[id] = nil
    end
    return callback
end

-- rgbToInt16(r, g, b) -> number
-- Function
-- Converts 8-bit Red/Green/Blue values into a 16-bit integer.
--
-- Parameters:
-- * r - Red component
-- * g - Green component
-- * b - Blue component
--
-- Returns:
-- * The 16-bit integer for the colour value.
local function rgbToInt16(r, g, b)
    return (((r >> 3) & 0x1F) << 11) | (((g >> 2) & 0x3F) << 5) | ((b >> 3) & 0x1F)
end

-- colorToInt16(colorTable) -> number
-- Function
-- Converts an `hs.drawing.color` value into a 16-bit integer.
--
-- Parameters:
-- * colorTable - A `table` containing a color that matches requirements for `hs.drawing.color`.
--
-- Returns:
-- * The 16-bit integer for the colour value.
local function colorToInt16(colorTable)
    local rgb = drawing.color.asRGB(colorTable)
    local r = floor(rgb.red * 255)
    local g = floor(rgb.green * 255)
    local b = floor(rgb.blue * 255)
    return rgbToInt16(r, g, b)
end

-- toInt16Color(color) -> number
-- Function
-- Attempts to convert different colour definitions to a 16-bit color value.
--
-- Parameters:
-- * color - Either a `hs.drawing.color` table, a 16-bit color value, or 24-bit hex strings (e.g. "FFFFFF")
local function toInt16Color(color)
    local colorType = type(color)
    if colorType == "string" then
        return colorToInt16({hex=color, alpha=1.0})
    elseif colorType == "table" then
        return colorToInt16(color)
    elseif colorType == "number" then
        return color
    else
        error(format("Unexpected color value: ", inspect(color)))
    end
end

-- rgbToInt24(r, g, b) -> number
-- Function
-- Converts the individual 8-bit RGB integers into a single 24-bit integer value, ordered as R,G,B.
--
-- Parameters:
-- * r - The Red component.
-- * g - The Green component.
-- * b - The Blue component.
--
-- Returns:
-- * The 24-bit integer for the color value.
local function rgbToInt24(r, g, b)
    return ((r & 0xFF) << 16) | ((g & 0xFF) << 8) | ((b & 0xFF))
end

-- colorToInt24(colorTable) -> n umber
-- Function
-- Converts an `hs.drawing.color` value into a 16-bit integer.
--
-- Parameters:
-- * colorTable - A `table` containing a color that matches requirements for `hs.drawing.color`.
--
-- Returns:
-- * The 24-bit integer for the colour value.
local function colorToInt24(colorTable)
    local rgb = drawing.color.asRGB(colorTable)
    local r = floor(rgb.red * 255)
    local g = floor(rgb.green * 255)
    local b = floor(rgb.blue * 255)
    return rgbToInt24(r, g, b)
end

-- toInt24Color(color) -> number
-- Function
-- Attempts to convert different colour definitions to a 24-bit color value (RGB * 8-bits).
--
-- Parameters:
-- * color - Either a `hs.drawing.color` table, a 24-bit color value, or 24-bit hex strings (e.g. "FFFFFF")
local function toInt24Color(color)
    local colorType = type(color)
    if colorType == "string" then
        return colorToInt24({hex=color, alpha=1.0})
    elseif colorType == "table" then
        return colorToInt24(color)
    elseif colorType == "number" then
        return color
    else
        error(format("Unexpected color value: ", inspect(color)))
    end
end

-- findLast(haystack, needle) -> number
-- Function
-- Finds the position of the last occurance of a character in a string.
--
-- Parameters:
--  * haystack - What to search
--  * needle - What to search for
--
-- Returns:
--  * A number with the position otherwise `nil`
local function findLast(haystack, needle)
    local i=haystack:match(".*"..needle.."()")
    if i==nil then return nil else return i-1 end
end

--- hs.loupedeck.setLogLevel(loglevel) -> none
--- Function
--- Sets the Log Level.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * loglevel - can be 'nothing', 'error', 'warning', 'info', 'debug', or 'verbose'; or a corresponding number between 0 and 5
---
--- Returns:
---  * None
function mod.setLogLevel(loglevel)
    log:setLogLevel(loglevel)
end

--- hs.loupedeck:connected() -> boolean
--- Method
--- Checks if the websocket is connected or not
---
--- Parameters:
---  * None
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if connected otherwise `false`
function mod.mt:connected()
    return self.websocket and self.websocket:isOpen()
end

--- hs.loupedeck:send() -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends a message via the websocket if connected
---
--- Parameters:
---  * message - The message to send.
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if sent.
function mod.mt:send(message)
    if self:connected() then
        local data = type(message) == "table" and concat(message) or tostring(message)
        self.websocket:send(data)
        return true
    end
    return false
end

-- hs.loupedeck:sendBytes(...) -> boolean
-- Method
-- Sends a series of `string`, `hs.bytes`, or `hs.bytes` functions to the websocket if connected.
--
-- Parameter:
--  * ... - The list of `string`, `hs.bytes` or `hs.bytes` functions to send.
--
-- Returns:
--  * `true` if sent.
function mod.mt:sendBytes(...)
    return self:send(bytes(...):bytes())
end

--- hs.loupedeck:sendCommand(commandID[, callbackFn[, ...]]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends the specified command, with the provided callback function, along with any additional binary string blocks.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * commandID  - An 16-bit integer with the command ID.
---  * callbackFn - A `function` that will be called with the `data` from the response. (optional)
---  * ...        - a variable number of byte string values, which will be concatenated together with the command and callback ID when being sent.
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if sent.
function mod.mt:sendCommand(commandID, callbackFn, ...)
    return self:sendBytes(uint16be(commandID), uint8(self:registerCallback(callbackFn)), ...)
end

--- hs.loupedeck:initaliseDevice() -> None
--- Method
--- Starts the background loop, performs self-test and resets screens and buttons.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * None
---
--- Returns:
---  * None
function mod.mt:initaliseDevice()
    -- This must be executed before writing to the main Touch Screen:
    self:resetDevice()

    -- Reset all the buttons to black:
    local black = 0x000000
    for _,id in pairs(mod.buttonID) do
        self:buttonColor(id, black)
    end

    -- Reset all the screens to black:
    local b = drawing.color.hammerspoon.black

    if self.deviceType == mod.deviceTypes.LIVE_S then
        self:updateScreenColor(mod.screens.live_s, b)
    else
        self:updateScreenColor(mod.screens.left, b)
        self:updateScreenColor(mod.screens.middle, b)
        self:updateScreenColor(mod.screens.right, b)
    end

    if self.deviceType == mod.deviceTypes.CT then
        self:updateScreenColor(mod.screens.wheel, b)
    end

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- Check the Loupedeck Live Firmware:
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    if not self.loupedeckLiveIsUsingRazerFirmwareCheckDone and self.deviceType == mod.deviceTypes.LIVE then
        log.df("Loupedeck Live connected, so lets check the firmware version...")
        self:requestFirmwareVersion(function(data)
            local firmwareVersion = data and data.b and semver(data.b)
            if firmwareVersion then
                self.loupedeckLiveIsUsingRazerFirmwareCheckDone = true
                log.df("Loupedeck Live is using firmware version: v%s", firmwareVersion)
                if firmwareVersion > semver("0.2.5") then
                    log.df("Loupedeck Live is running firmware greater than v0.2.5, so using Razer screen format.")
                    self.loupedeckLiveIsUsingRazerFirmware = true

                    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    -- Refresh the screen:
                    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    self:initaliseDevice()
                else
                    --log.df("Loupedeck Live is running firmware lower than v0.2.5")
                    self.loupedeckLiveIsUsingRazerFirmware = false
                end
            else
                log.df("Failed to get the Loupedeck Live firmware version.")
            end
        end)
    end
end

--- hs.loupedeck:callback([callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sets a callback when new messages are received.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * callbackFn - a function to set as the callback for `hs.loupedeck`. If the value provided is `nil`, any currently existing callback function is removed.
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if successful otherwise `false`
function mod.mt:callback(callbackFn)
    if type(callbackFn) == "function" then
        self._callback = callbackFn
        return true
    elseif type(callbackFn) == "nil" then
        self._callback = nil
        return true
    else
        log.ef("Callback received an invalid type: %s", type(callbackFn))
        return false
    end
end

--- hs.loupedeck:triggerCallback -> none
--- Method
--- Triggers a callback function
---
--- Parameters:
---  * data - Any data to pass along to the callback function as a table
---
--- Returns:
---  * None
function mod.mt:triggerCallback(data)
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- Trigger the callback:
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    if self._callback then
        local success, result = xpcall(function() self._callback(data, self.deviceNumber) end, debug.traceback)
        if not success then
            log.ef("Error in Loupedeck Callback: %s", result)
        end
    end
end

-- events -> table
-- Constant
-- A table containing functions triggered by websocket events.
local events = {
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- WEBSOCKET OPENING:
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    opening = function(obj)
        obj:triggerCallback {
            action = "websocket_opening",
        }
    end,

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- WEBSOCKET OPENED:
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    opened = function(obj)
        --log.df("Initalising device...")
        obj:initaliseDevice()
        obj:triggerCallback {
            action = "websocket_opened",
        }
    end,

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- WEBSOCKET CLOSING:
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    closing = function(obj)
        obj:triggerCallback {
            action = "websocket_closing",
        }
    end,

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- WEBSOCKET CLOSED:
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    closed = function(obj)
        obj:triggerCallback {
            action = "websocket_closed",
        }
    end,

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- WEBSOCKET FAILED:
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    error = function(obj, message)
        obj:triggerCallback({
            action = "websocket_error",
            error = message,
        })
    end,

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- WEBSOCKET RECEIVED MESSAGE:
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    message = function(obj, message)
        -- read the command ID, callback ID and the remainder of the message...
        local id, callbackID, data = bytes.read(message,
            uint16be, uint8, remainder
        )

        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        -- NOTE: Starting with the 0.1.79 firmware update on both the Loupedeck Live
        --       and Loupedeck CT, the hardware seems to constantly send a 1024
        --       message. It doesn't seem to be useful (i.e. it appears to just be
        --       websocket spam) - so we're ignoring it early.
        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        if id == 0x0400 then return end

        local response = {
            id = id,
            data = data,
        }

        -- first, check if we have a callback...
        local callback = obj:getCallback(callbackID)
        if callback then
            local ok, res = xpcall(function() return callback(response) end, debug.traceback)
            if not ok then
                log.ef("Error executing callback for %04x: %s", response.id, res)
                return
            end
        else
            -- if not, see if there is a handler.
            local handler = mod.responseHandler[id]
            if handler then
                local ok, res = xpcall(function() return handler(obj, response) end, debug.traceback)
                if not ok then
                    log.ef("Error executing callback for %04x: %s", response.id, res)
                    return
                end
            elseif not mod.ignoreResponses[id] then
                log.ef("Unexpected command: id: %04x; callback: %02x; message:\n%s", id, callbackID, hexDump(message))
                return
            end
        end
    end
}

--- hs.loupedeck.event -> table
--- Constant
--- The set of events sent from the Loupedeck device.
---
--- Notes:
---  * Includes:
---    * BUTTON_PRESS - occurs when a button is pressed or released.
---    * ENCODER_MOVE - occurs when the wheel/encoder moves left or right
---    * WHEEL_PRESSED - occurs when the wheel is pressed.
---    * WHEEL_RELEASED - occurs when the wheel is released.
---    * SCREEN_PRESSED - occurs when the main screen is pressed.
---    * SCREEN_RELEASED - occurs when the main screen is released.
mod.event = {
    BUTTON_PRESS = 0x0500,      -- 1280
    ENCODER_MOVE = 0x0501,      -- 1281
    WHEEL_PRESSED = 0x0952,     -- 2386
    WHEEL_RELEASED = 0x0972,    -- 2418
    SCREEN_PRESSED = 0x094D,    -- 2381
    SCREEN_RELEASED = 0x096D,   -- 2413
}

--- hs.loupedeck.ignoreResponses -> table
--- Constant
--- A table of responses to ignore.
mod.ignoreResponses = {
    [0x0302] = true, -- Button Color confirmation (770)
    [0x040F] = true, -- Screen Image Update confirmation (1039)
    [0x041B] = true, -- Vibration confirmation (1051)
    [0x0409] = true, -- Reset Device (1033)
    [0x0819] = true, -- Flash Drive confirmation (2073)
    [0x041e] = true, -- Wheel Sensitivity confirmation (1054)

    [0x1c73] = true, -- This is triggered when the Loupedeck Live first connects
    [0x1573] = true, -- This is triggered when the Loupedeck Live first connects
    [0x1f73] = true, -- This is triggered when the Loupedeck Live first connects

    [0x0410] = true, -- Not sure... seems to happen during restarts.

    -- These trigger when you start a Loupedeck Live with Serial Firmware,
    -- and I have no idea why:
    [0x1273] = true,
    [0x2573] = true,
    [0x1773] = true,
    [0x1873] = true,
    [0x3773] = true,
    [0x0573] = true,

    [0x1d73] = true,
    [0x3073] = true,
}

-- convertWheelXandYtoButtonID(x, y) -> number
-- Function
-- Converts X and Y coordinates into a button ID for the wheel touch screen.
--
-- Parameters:
--  * x - The x-axis as a number
--  * y - The y-axis as a number
--
-- Returns:
--  * A button ID as a number. Left to right, top to bottom.
local function convertWheelXandYtoButtonID(x, y)
    local button = 0

    -- Left Column:
    if x >= 0 and x <= 79 then
        if y >= 0 and y <= 119 then
            button = 1
        else
            button = 4
        end
    end
    -- Middle Column:
    if x >= 80 and x <= 159 then
        if y >= 0 and y <= 119 then
            button = 2
        else
            button = 5
        end
    end
    -- Middle Column:
    if x >= 160 and x <= 240 then
        if y >= 0 and y <= 119 then
            button = 3
        else
            button = 6
        end
    end
    return button
end

-- convertXandYtoButtonID(x, y, deviceType) -> number
-- Function
-- Converts X and Y coordinates into a button ID for the middle touch screen.
--
-- Parameters:
--  * x - The x-axis as a number
--  * y - The y-axis as a number
--  * deviceType - The device type.
--
-- Returns:
--  * A button ID as a number. Left to right, top to bottom.
local function convertXandYtoButtonID(x, y, deviceType)
    local button = 0
    if deviceType == mod.deviceTypes.LIVE_S then
        -- Add in the x offset:
        x = x + (30/2)

        -- First Row:
        if x >= 60 and x <= 140 then
            -- Top Row:
            if y >= 0 and y <= 100 then
                button = 1
            end

            -- Middle Row:
            if y >= 110 and y <= 170 then
                button = 6
            end

            -- Bottom Row:
            if y >= 200 and y <= 260 then
                button = 11
            end
        end

        -- Second Row:
        if x >= 160 and x <= 230 then
            -- Top Row:
            if y >= 0 and y <= 100 then
                button = 2
            end

            -- Middle Row:
            if y >= 110 and y <= 170 then
                button = 7
            end

            -- Bottom Row:
            if y >= 200 and y <= 260 then
                button = 12
            end
        end

        -- Third Row:
        if x >= 240 and x <= 320 then
            -- Top Row:
            if y >= 0 and y <= 100 then
                button = 3
            end

            -- Middle Row:
            if y >= 110 and y <= 170 then
                button = 8
            end

            -- Bottom Row:
            if y >= 200 and y <= 260 then
                button = 13
            end
        end

        -- Fourth Row:
        if x >= 340 and x <= 390 then
            -- Top Row:
            if y >= 0 and y <= 100 then
                button = 4
            end

            -- Middle Row:
            if y >= 110 and y <= 170 then
                button = 9
            end

            -- Bottom Row:
            if y >= 200 and y <= 260 then
                button = 14
            end
        end

        -- Five Row:
        if x >= 410 and x <= 460 then
            -- Top Row:
            if y >= 0 and y <= 100 then
                button = 5
            end

            -- Middle Row:
            if y >= 110 and y <= 170 then
                button = 10
            end

            -- Bottom Row:
            if y >= 200 and y <= 260 then
                button = 15
            end
        end
    else
        -- First Row:
        if x >= 60 and x <= 140 then
            -- Top Row:
            if y >= 0 and y <= 100 then
                button = 1
            end

            -- Middle Row:
            if y >= 110 and y <= 170 then
                button = 5
            end

            -- Bottom Row:
            if y >= 200 and y <= 260 then
                button = 9
            end
        end

        -- Second Row:
        if x >= 160 and x <= 230 then
            -- Top Row:
            if y >= 0 and y <= 100 then
                button = 2
            end

            -- Middle Row:
            if y >= 110 and y <= 170 then
                button = 6
            end

            -- Bottom Row:
            if y >= 200 and y <= 260 then
                button = 10
            end
        end

        -- Third Row:
        if x >= 240 and x <= 320 then
            -- Top Row:
            if y >= 0 and y <= 100 then
                button = 3
            end

            -- Middle Row:
            if y >= 110 and y <= 170 then
                button = 7
            end

            -- Bottom Row:
            if y >= 200 and y <= 260 then
                button = 11
            end
        end

        -- Fourth Row:
        if x >= 340 and x <= 390 then
            -- Top Row:
            if y >= 0 and y <= 100 then
                button = 4
            end

            -- Middle Row:
            if y >= 110 and y <= 170 then
                button = 8
            end

            -- Bottom Row:
            if y >= 200 and y <= 260 then
                button = 12
            end
        end
    end
    return button
end

--- hs.loupedeck.responseHandler -> table
--- Constant
--- Set of response handlers for device-generated events.
mod.responseHandler = {
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- BUTTON PRESS/RELEASE:
    --
    -- Examples:
    -- 07 00        Down
    -- 07 01        Up
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [mod.event.BUTTON_PRESS] = function(obj, response)
        local id, dirByte = bytes(response.data):read(int8, int8)
        if dirByte == 0x00 then
            response.direction = "down"
        elseif dirByte == 0x01 then
            response.direction = "up"
        else
            log.ef("Invalid Button Direction: %02x", dirByte)
            return
        end
        response.buttonID = id
        obj:triggerCallback(response)
    end,

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- ENCODER ROTATION:
    --
    -- Examples:
    -- 01 01    Right
    -- 01 FF    Left
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [mod.event.ENCODER_MOVE] = function(obj, response)
        local id, dirByte = bytes.read(response.data, uint8, int8)
        if dirByte == -1 then
            response.direction = "left"
        elseif dirByte == 1 then
            response.direction = "right"
        else
            log.ef("Invalid Encoder Direction: %02x", dirByte)
            return
        end
        response.buttonID = id
        obj:triggerCallback(response)
    end,

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- WHEEL PRESSED:
    --
    -- Example:
    -- 00 00 7E 00 76 00
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [mod.event.WHEEL_PRESSED] = function(obj, response)
        response.multitouch, response.x, response.y, response.unknown = bytes.read(response.data, uint8, int16be, int16be, uint8)
        response.multitouch = response.multitouch == 0x01

        -- Get button ID:
        local buttonID = convertWheelXandYtoButtonID(response.x, response.y)
        if buttonID > 0 then
            response.buttonID = buttonID
        end

        obj:triggerCallback(response)
    end,

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- WHEEL RELEASED:
    --
    -- Example:
    -- 00 00 7B 00 94 00
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [mod.event.WHEEL_RELEASED] = function(obj, response)
        response.multitouch, response.x, response.y, response.unknown = bytes.read(response.data, uint8, int16be, int16be, uint8)
        response.multitouch = response.multitouch == 0x01

        -- Get button ID:
        local buttonID = convertWheelXandYtoButtonID(response.x, response.y)
        if buttonID > 0 then
            response.buttonID = buttonID
        end

        obj:triggerCallback(response)
    end,

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- SCREEN PRESSED:
    --
    -- Example:
    -- 00 01 C9 00 9A 27
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [mod.event.SCREEN_PRESSED] = function(obj, response)
        response.multitouch, response.x, response.y, response.pressure = bytes.read(response.data, uint8, int16be, int16be, uint8)

        -- Get button ID:
        local buttonID = convertXandYtoButtonID(response.x, response.y, obj.deviceType)
        if buttonID > 0 then
            response.buttonID = buttonID
        end

        -- Get screen ID:
        if response.x <= mod.screens.left.width then
            response.screenID = mod.screens.left.id
        elseif response.x >= (mod.screens.left.width + mod.screens.middle.width) then
            response.screenID = mod.screens.right.id
        else
            response.screenID = mod.screens.middle.id
        end

        obj:triggerCallback(response)
    end,

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- SCREEN RELEASED:
    --
    -- Example:
    -- 00 01 BC 00 BE 25
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [mod.event.SCREEN_RELEASED] = function(obj, response)
        response.multitouch, response.x, response.y, response.pressure = bytes.read(response.data, uint8, int16be, int16be, uint8)

        -- Get button ID:
        local buttonID = convertXandYtoButtonID(response.x, response.y, obj.deviceType)
        if buttonID > 0 then
            response.buttonID = buttonID
        end

        obj:triggerCallback(response)
    end,
}

--- hs.loupedeck:websocketCallback(event, message) -> none
--- Method
--- The websocket callback function.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * event - A string containing the type of event (i.e. "open" or "closed")
---  * message - The message from the websocket
---
--- Returns:
---  * None
function mod.mt:createWebsocketCallback()
    return function(event, message)
        local handler = events[event]
        if handler then
            handler(self, message)
        else
            log.wf("Unexpected websocket event '%s':\n%s", event, hexDump(message))
        end
    end
end

--- hs.loupedeck:requestDeviceInfo([callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends a request to the Loupedeck asking for device information.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * callbackFn - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * the `response` contains the `id`, `data`,
function mod.mt:requestDeviceInfo(callbackFn)
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- DEVICE INFORMATION:
    --
    -- Sending message (19): (19) 13-1C-02-7E-1E-38-CF-55-8B-2C-13-AB-14-64-71-1C ...
    -- Message sent (19): (19) 13-1C-02-7E-1E-38-CF-55-8B-2C-13-AB-14-64-71-1C-ED-B0-8A
    -- Message received (19): (19) 13-1C-02-64-42-AA-22-DC-81-7A-80-DB-E9-E7-31-03 ...
    -- Get device information
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    -- TODO: figure out what these bytes mean...
    return self:sendCommand(0x131C, callbackFn, hexToBytes("61f1392a8e936ba66e992daedb40f65f"))
end

--- hs.loupedeck:requestFirmwareVersion([callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends a request to the Loupedeck asking for its firmware version.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * callbackFn - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * the `response` contains the `id`, `data`,
function mod.mt:requestFirmwareVersion(callbackFn)
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- FIRMWARE VERSION:
    --
    -- Message sent: (3) 03-07-03
    -- Message received: 0C-07-03-00-00-08-00-09-00-01-00-0A
    -- Firmware version 'B': '0.0.8'
    -- Firmware version 'C': '0.9.0'
    -- Firmware version 'I': '1.0.10'
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    return self:sendCommand(0x0307, callbackFn and function(response)
        local data = response.data
        response.b = format("%d.%d.%d", data:byte(1), data:byte(2), data:byte(3))
        response.c = format("%d.%d.%d", data:byte(4), data:byte(5), data:byte(6))
        response.i = format("%d.%d.%d", data:byte(7), data:byte(8), data:byte(9))
        callbackFn(response)
    end)
end

--- hs.loupedeck:requestSerialNumber([callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends a request to the Loupedeck asking for its serial number.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * callbackFn - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * the `response` contains the `id`, `data`, and `serialNumber`
function mod.mt:requestSerialNumber(callbackFn)
    return self:sendCommand(0x0303, callbackFn and function(response)
        response.serialNumber = response.data
        callbackFn(response)
    end)
end

--- hs.loupedeck:requestMCUID([callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends a request to the Loupedeck asking for its MCU ID.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * callbackFn - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * the `response` contains the `id`, `data`, and `mcuid`
function mod.mt:requestMCUID(callbackFn)
    return self:sendCommand(0x030D, callbackFn and function(response)
        response.mcuid = bytesToHex(response.data)
        callbackFn(response)
    end)
end

--- hs.loupedeck:requestSelfTest() -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends a request to the Loupedeck asking it to perform a self test.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * callbackFn - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * the `response` contains the `id`, `data`, and `selfTest`.
---  * The `selfTest` value is the `data` read as a 32-bit big-endian integer.
function mod.mt:requestSelfTest(callbackFn)
    return self:sendCommand(0x0304, callbackFn and function(response)
        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        -- Sending message (3): (3) 03-04-05
        -- Message sent (3): (3) 03-04-05
        -- Message received (7): (7) 07-04-05-BF-00-3F-00
        -- Self-tests: 0x003F00BF
        --
        -- for some reason, the result is read back in little-endian.
        -- Testing which way the OS works?
        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        response.selfTest = bytes.read(response.data, bytes.int32le)
        callbackFn(response)
    end)
end

-- processRegisterResponse(response) -> nil
-- Function
-- Receives the raw value of a register and interprets it, adding properties to the `response` table.
--
-- Parameters:
--  * response - the response from the websocket call.
--
-- Returns:
--  * the updated `response` table.
--
-- Notes:
--  * Adds `flashDriveEnabled` for register `0` responses.
--  * Adds `vibraWaveformIndex` and `backlightLevel` for register `2` responses.
local function processRegisterResponse(response)
    response.registerID, response.value = bytes.read(response.data, uint8, uint32be)
    if response.registerID == 0 then
        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        -- 00 00 00 00 03       flash disabled
        -- ^  ^        ^
        -- ^  ^        flash status (03 disabled/02 enabled)
        -- ^  unknown
        -- register id
        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        response.flashDriveEnabled = (response.value & 0x01) ~= 0x01
    --elseif registerID == 1 then
        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        -- TODO: FIND OUT WHAT THIS IS:
        --
        -- 01 00 01 00 00
        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    elseif response.registerID == 2 then
        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        -- 03 00 09 19
        -- ^  ^  ^  ^
        -- ^  ^  ^  vibra waveform index: 25 (0x19)
        -- ^  ^  backlight level: 9 (0x09)
        -- ^  unknown
        -- unknown
        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        response.vibraWaveformIndex = response.value & 0xFF
        response.backlightLevel = (response.value >> 8) & 0xFF
    end
    return response
end

--- hs.loupedeck:requestRegister(registerID[, callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends a request to the Loupedeck asking it to send the specified register number.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * registerID - The register number (typically `0`, `1`, or `2`).
---  * callbackFn - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * the `response` contains the `id`, `data`, `registerID`, and `value`.
---  * the `registerID` should be the same value as the `registerID` parameter you passed in.
---  * the `value` value is the `data` read as a 32-bit big-endian integer.
---  * if requesting register `2`, it will also have the `backlightLevel` and `vibraWaveformIndex` values.
function mod.mt:requestRegister(registerID, callbackFn)
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- 04 1A 01 01
    -- ^     ^  ^
    -- ^     ^  register number
    -- ^     callback ID
    -- command ID
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    return self:sendCommand(
        0x041A,
        callbackFn and function(response)
            processRegisterResponse(response)
            callbackFn(response)
        end,
        uint8(registerID)
    )
end

--- hs.loupedeck:updateRegister(registerID, value[, callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends a new value to the Loupedeck for the specified register value.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * registerID - The register to update (0/1/2)
---  * value      - a 32-bit integer value for the register
---  * callbackFn - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * The Loupedeck needs to be powered cycled for the drive to be mounted.
function mod.mt:updateRegister(registerID, value, callbackFn)
    if registerID < 0 or registerID > 2 then
        error(format("expected registerID of 0/1/2 but got %d", registerID), 2)
    end
    if type(value) ~= "number" then
        error(format("expected value to be a number, but was %s", type(value)))
    end
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- UPDATE REGISTER 0/1/2:
    --
    -- Example:
    -- 08 19 58 00 00 00 00 02
    -- ^     ^  ^  ^
    -- ^     ^  ^  new uint32be value for the register
    -- ^     ^  the register number (0/1/2)
    -- ^     the callback ID
    -- the command ID
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    return self:sendCommand(
        0x0819,
        callbackFn and function(response)
            processRegisterResponse(response)
            callbackFn(response)
        end,
        uint8(registerID),
        uint32be(value)
    )
end

--- hs.loupedeck:updateFlashDrive(enabled[, callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends a request to the Loupedeck to enable or disable the Flash Drive.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * enabled - `true` to enable otherwise `false`
---  * callbackFn - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * The Loupedeck needs to be powered cycled for the drive to be mounted.
function mod.mt:updateFlashDrive(enabled, callbackFn)
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- FLASH DRIVE STATUS:
    --
    -- 00 00 00 00 03       flash disabled
    -- 00 00 00 00 02       flash enabled
    --
    -- Note: best guess is that the last bit (0x01) is the flash enabled/disabled value
    -- while the second last bit (0x02) is for something else.
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    return self:requestRegister(0, function(response)
        processRegisterResponse(response)
        if response.flashDriveEnabled ~= enabled then
            local value = response.value
            value = enabled and (value - 0x01) or (value + 0x01)
            self:updateRegister(0, value, callbackFn)
        elseif callbackFn then
            callbackFn(response)
        end
    end)
end

--- hs.loupedeck:updateVibraWaveformIndex(value[, callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends a request to the Loupedeck to update the Vibra waveform index.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * value - an 8-bit number with the new vibra waveform index.
---  * callbackFn - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * The Loupedeck needs to be powered cycled for the drive to be mounted.
function mod.mt:updateVibraWaveformIndex(value, callbackFn)
    return self:requestRegister(2, function(response)
        processRegisterResponse(response)
        if response.vibraWaveformIndex ~= value then
            local mask = 0xFFFFFF00
            local newValue = (response.value & mask) + value
            self:updateRegister(2, newValue, callbackFn)
        elseif callbackFn then
            callbackFn(response)
        end
    end)
end

--- hs.loupedeck:saveBacklightLevel(value[, callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends a request to the Loupedeck to save the backlight level in the register.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * value - an 8-bit number with the new backlight level.
---  * callbackFn - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
function mod.mt:saveBacklightLevel(value, callbackFn)
    return mod.requestRegister(2, function(response)
        processRegisterResponse(response)
        if response.backlightLevel ~= value then
            local mask = 0xFFFF00FF
            local newValue = (response.value & mask) + (value << 8)
            self:updateRegister(2, newValue, callbackFn)
        elseif callbackFn then
            callbackFn(response)
        end
    end)
end

--- hs.loupedeck:updateBacklightLevel(backlightLevel[, callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends a request to the Loupedeck to update the backlight level.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * value - an 8-bit number with the new backlight level.
---  * callbackFn - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
function mod.mt:updateBacklightLevel(backlightLevel, callbackFn)
    return self:sendCommand(
        0x0409,
        callbackFn and function(response)
            callbackFn(response)
        end,
        uint8(backlightLevel)
    )
end

--- hs.loupedeck.defaultWheelSensitivityIndex -> number
--- Constant
--- The default wheel sensitivity index.
mod.defaultWheelSensitivityIndex = 4

--- hs.loupedeck.wheelSensitivityIndex -> table
--- Constant
--- Descriptions of all the wheel sensitivity indexes.
mod.wheelSensitivityIndex = {
    [1] = "Very Sensitive",
    [4] = "Default",
    [8] = "Less Sensitive",
    [64] = "0.3 Revolutions",
    [100] = "0.5 Revolutions",
    [192] = "1 Revolution",
    [255] = "1.5 Revolutions",
}

--- hs.loupedeck:requestWheelSensitivity([callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends a request to the Loupedeck asking it to send the current wheel sensitivity.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * callbackFn - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * the `response` contains the `id`, `data`, `wheelSensitivity`.
function mod.mt:requestWheelSensitivity(callbackFn)
    return self:sendCommand(
        0x041E,
        callbackFn and function(response)
            local wheelSensitivity = uint8(response.data)
            response.wheelSensitivity = wheelSensitivity
            if wheelSensitivity then
                response.wheelSensitivityLabel = mod.wheelSensitivityIndex[wheelSensitivity]
            end
            callbackFn(response)
        end,
        uint8(0))
end

--- hs.loupedeck:updateWheelSensitivity(wheelSensitivity[, callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends a request to the Loupedeck to update the wheel sensitivity index.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * value - an 8-bit number with the new wheel sensitivity index (see `hs.loupedeck.wheelSensitivityIndex`).
---  * callbackFn - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
function mod.mt:updateWheelSensitivity(wheelSensitivity, callbackFn)
    return self:sendCommand(
        0x041E,
        callbackFn and function(response)
            local result = uint8(response.data)
            response.wheelSensitivity = result
            if result then
                response.wheelSensitivityLabel = mod.wheelSensitivityIndex[result]
            end
            callbackFn(response)
        end,
        uint8(wheelSensitivity)
    )
end

--- hs.loupedeck:resetDevice([callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends a request to the Loupedeck asking it to reset the device.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * callbackFn - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * the `response` contains the `id`, `data`, `success`.
---  * the `success` value is a boolean, `true` or `false`.
function mod.mt:resetDevice(callbackFn)
    return self:sendCommand(
        0x0409,
        callbackFn and function(response)
            response.success = bytes.read(response.data, uint8) == 0x01
            callbackFn(response)
        end,
        uint8(9) -- not sure why we're sending 9? type of reset?
    )
end

--- hs.loupedeck.screens -> table
--- Constant
--- The set of screens available: `left`, `right`, `middle`, and `wheel`.
---
--- Notes:
---  * Each screen has an `id`, a `width`, and a `height` value.
---  * The `id` is how the Loupedeck identifies the screen.
---  * The `width` and `height` are in pixels.
---  * The Loupedeck Live doesn't have a 'wheel' screen.
mod.screens = {
    left = {
        id = 0x004C,
        width = 60, height = 270,
    },
    middle = {
        id = 0x0041,
        width = 360, height = 270,
    },
    right = {
        id = 0x0052,
        width = 60, height = 270,
    },
    wheel = {
        id = 0x0057,
        width = 240, height = 240,
        circular = true,
    },
    live_s = {
        id = 0x004D,
        width = 480, height = 270,
    },
}

--- hs.loupedeck:refreshScreen(screen[, callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends a request to the Loupedeck asking it to reset the device.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * screen       - The screen (eg. `screens.left`) to refresh.
---  * callbackFn   - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * the `response` contains the `id`, `data`, `success`.
---  * the `success` value is a boolean, `true` or `false`.
function mod.mt:refreshScreen(screen, callbackFn)
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- COMMAND: 050F XX 004C
    --          ^    ^  ^
    --          ^    ^  screen ID
    --          ^    callback ID (8-bit int)
    --          command ID
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    return self:sendCommand(
        0x050F,
        callbackFn and function(response)
            response.success = bytes.read(response.data, uint8) == 0x01
            callbackFn(response)
        end,
        uint16be(screen.id)
    )
end

--- hs.loupedeck:updateScreenImage(screen, imageBytes[, frame][, callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends an image to the specified screen and refreshes the specified screen.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * screen       - the `screen` to update, from [hs.loupedeck.screens](#screens) (eg `hs.loupedeck.screens.left`)
---  * imageBytes   - the byte string for the image in the custom Loupedeck 16-bit RGB format or a `hs.image` object
---  * frame        - (optional) An optional `hs.geometry.rect` object
---  * callbackFn   - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * the `response` contains the `id`, `data`, `success`.
---  * the `success` value is a boolean, `true` or `false`.
function mod.mt:updateScreenImage(screen, imageBytes, frame, callbackFn)
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- COMMAND: FF10 XX 004C 00 00 00 00 003C 010E (00) FFFF FFFF ....
    --          ^    ^  ^    ^     ^     ^    ^    ^    ^
    --          ^    ^  ^    ^     ^     ^    ^    ^    16-bit pixel values
    --          ^    ^  ^    ^     ^     ^    ^    Unknown, only present for circular displays.
    --          ^    ^  ^    ^     ^     ^    height (pixels)
    --          ^    ^  ^    ^     ^     width (pixels)
    --          ^    ^  ^    ^     y offset (pixels)
    --          ^    ^  ^    x offset (pixels)
    --          ^    ^  screen id
    --          ^    callback id?
    --          command id
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- The Razer Stream Controller only has one screen object, so we need to do
    -- a bit of processing to convert it back into left, middle and right screens:
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    if self.deviceType == mod.deviceTypes.RAZER_STREAM_CONTROLLER or self.loupedeckLiveIsUsingRazerFirmware == true then
        if not frame then
            frame = {}
        end

        if tableMatch(screen, mod.screens.left) then
            frame.x = (frame.x or 0)
            frame.w = frame.w or 60
        elseif tableMatch(screen, mod.screens.middle) then
            frame.x = (frame.x or 0) + 60
            frame.w = frame.w or 360
        elseif tableMatch(screen, mod.screens.right) then
            frame.x = (frame.x or 0) + 60 + 360
            frame.w = frame.w or 60
        else
            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            -- The Razer Stream Controller doesn't have a wheel, so abort:
            --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            return
        end

        screen = {}
        screen.id       = 0x004D
        screen.width    = 60 + 360 + 60
        screen.height   = 270
    end

    if type(frame) == "function" then
        callbackFn = frame
        frame = nil
    end

    frame = frame or {}

    if type(imageBytes) == "userdata" then
        imageBytes = imageBytes:getLoupedeckArray()
    end

    local imageSuccess = false

    if self:sendCommand(
        0xFF10,
        function(response)
            imageSuccess = bytes.read(response.data, uint8) == 0x01
        end,
        uint16be(screen.id),
        int16be(frame.x or 0),
        int16be(frame.y or 0),
        int16be(frame.w or screen.width),
        int16be(frame.h or screen.height),
        screen.circular and uint8(0) or "",
        imageBytes
    ) then
        return self:refreshScreen(screen, callbackFn and function(response)
            response.success = imageSuccess and (bytes.read(response.data, uint8) == 0x01)
        end)
    end
    return false
end

-- convertButtonIDtoXYCoordinates(buttonID, deviceType) -> number, number
-- Function
-- Gets the X and Y coordinates of a specific button on the middle touch screen.
--
-- Parameters:
--  * buttonID - A number between 1 and 12 (left to right, top to bottom).
--  * deviceType - The device type.
--
-- Returns:
--  * x - The x coordinates of the screen for the specific button as a number
--  * y - The y coordinates of the screen for the specific button as a number
local function convertButtonIDtoXYCoordinates(buttonID, deviceType)
    if deviceType == mod.deviceTypes.LIVE_S then
        return (floor(((buttonID-1) % 5)) * 90) + (30/2), floor(((buttonID-1) / 5)) * 90
    else
        return floor(((buttonID-1) % 4)) * 90, floor(((buttonID-1) / 4)) * 90
    end
end

--- hs.loupedeck:updateScreenButtonImage(buttonID, imageBytes[, callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends an image to the specified button on the middle screen.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * buttonID     - The button number (left to right, top to bottom)
---  * imageBytes   - the byte string for the image in the custom Loupedeck 16-bit RGB format or a `hs.image` object
---  * callbackFn   - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * the `response` contains the `id`, `data`, `success`.
---  * the `success` value is a boolean, `true` or `false`.
function mod.mt:updateScreenButtonImage(buttonID, imageBytes, callbackFn)
    local x, y = convertButtonIDtoXYCoordinates(buttonID, self.deviceType)
    local theScreen = mod.screens.middle
    if self.deviceType == mod.deviceTypes.LIVE_S then
        theScreen = mod.screens.live_s
    end
    return self:updateScreenImage(theScreen, imageBytes, {x=x, y=y, w=90,h=90}, callbackFn)
end

--- hs.loupedeck:updateKnobImage(knobID, imageBytes[, callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends an image to the specified knob on the left or right screen.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * knobID       - The knob number (left to right, top to bottom)
---  * imageBytes   - the byte string for the image in the custom Loupedeck 16-bit RGB format or a `hs.image` object
---  * callbackFn   - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * the `response` contains the `id`, `data`, `success`.
---  * the `success` value is a boolean, `true` or `false`.
function mod.mt:updateKnobImage(knobID, imageBytes, callbackFn)
    local whichScreen = knobID > 3 and mod.screens.right or mod.screens.left
    local y = 0
    if knobID == 2 or knobID == 5 then
        y = 90
    elseif knobID == 3 or knobID == 6 then
        y = 180
    end
    return self:updateScreenImage(whichScreen, imageBytes, {x=0, y=y, w=60,h=90}, callbackFn)
end

-- solidColorImage(width, height, color) -> string
-- Function
-- Creates a solid-color image for the specified screen with the specified RGB value.
--
-- Parameters:
-- * w      - the width, in pixels.
-- * h      - the height, in pixels.
-- * color  - either a 16-bit RGB integer or a `hs.drawing.color` table.
--
-- Returns:
-- * A byte string containing the image data for the provided with/height
local function solidColorBytes(width, height, color)
    local color16 = toInt16Color(color)
    local colorBytes = uint16le(color16)
    local result = {}
    for i=1,width*height do
        result[i] = colorBytes
    end
    return concat(result)
end

--- hs.loupedeck:updateScreenColor(screen, color, frame[, callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends an image to the specified screen and refreshes the specified screen.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * screen       - the `screen` to update, from [hs.loupedeck.screens](#screens) (eg `hs.loupedeck.screens.left`)
---  * color        - either a 16-bit RGB integer or an `hs.drawing.color
---  * frame        - (optional) An optional `hs.geometry.rect` object
---  * callbackFn   - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * the `response` contains the `id`, `data`, `success`.
---  * the `success` value is a boolean, `true` or `false`.
function mod.mt:updateScreenColor(screen, color, frame, callbackFn)
    frame = frame or {}
    return self:updateScreenImage(
        screen,
        solidColorBytes(frame.w or screen.width, frame.h or screen.height, color),
        frame,
        callbackFn
    )
end

--- hs.loupedeck:updateScreenButtonColor(buttonID, color[, callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends an image to the specified screen and refreshes the specified screen.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * buttonID     - The button number (left to right, top to bottom)
---  * color        - either a 16-bit RGB integer or an `hs.drawing.color
---  * callbackFn   - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * the `response` contains the `id`, `data`, `success`.
---  * the `success` value is a boolean, `true` or `false`.
function mod.mt:updateScreenButtonColor(buttonID, color, callbackFn)
    if self.deviceType == mod.deviceTypes.LIVE_S then
        local x, y = convertButtonIDtoXYCoordinates(buttonID, self.deviceType)
        return self:updateScreenColor(mod.screens.live_s, color, {x=x, y=y, w=90,h=90}, callbackFn)
    else
        local x, y = convertButtonIDtoXYCoordinates(buttonID, self.deviceType)
        return self:updateScreenColor(mod.screens.middle, color, {x=x, y=y, w=90,h=90}, callbackFn)
    end
end

--- hs.loupedeck:updateScreenKnobColor(knobID, color[, callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Sends an image to the specified knob and refreshes the specified screen.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * knobID       - The knob number (left to right, top to bottom)
---  * color        - either a 16-bit RGB integer or an `hs.drawing.color
---  * callbackFn   - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * the `response` contains the `id`, `data`, `success`.
---  * the `success` value is a boolean, `true` or `false`.
function mod.mt:updateScreenKnobColor(knobID, color, callbackFn)
    local whichScreen = knobID > 3 and mod.screens.right or mod.screens.left
    local y = 0
    if knobID == 2 or knobID == 5 then
        y = 90
    elseif knobID == 3 or knobID == 6 then
        y = 180
    end
    return self:updateScreenColor(whichScreen, color, {x=0, y=y, w=60,h=90}, callbackFn)
end

--- hs.loupedeck.buttonID -> table
--- Constant
--- Contains IDs for the various buttons on the Loupedeck CT.
---
--- Notes:
---  * The buttonID's are as follows:
---   * `B1`-`B8`   - 1-8 buttons
---   * `UNDO`      - Undo button
---   * `KEYBOARD`  - Keyboard button
---   * `RETURN`    - Return button
---   * `SAVE`      - Save button
---   * `LEFT_FN`   - Left Fn/lock button
---   * `RIGHT_FN`  - Right Fn/lock button
---   * `A`         - A button
---   * `B`         - B button
---   * `C`         - C button
---   * `D`         - D button
---   * `E`         - E button
---   * `O`         - O button
mod.buttonID = {
    B1 = 7,
    B2 = 8,
    B3 = 9,
    B4 = 10,
    B5 = 11,
    B6 = 12,
    B7 = 13,
    B8 = 14,

    UNDO = 16,
    KEYBOARD = 17,
    RETURN = 18,
    SAVE = 19,

    LEFT_FN = 20,
    RIGHT_FN = 23,

    A = 21,
    B = 24,
    C = 22,
    D = 25,
    E = 26,
    O = 15,
}

--- hs.loupedeck:buttonColor(buttonID, color[, callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Changes a button color.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * buttonID     - The ID of the [button](#buttonID).
---  * color        - Either a 24-bit integer or a `hs.drawing.color` table.
---  * callbackFn   - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * the `response` contains the `id`, `data`, `success`.
---  * the `success` value is a boolean, `true` or `false`.
function mod.mt:buttonColor(buttonID, color, callbackFn)
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- COMMAND: 07 02 FA 00 00 00 00
    --                ^  ^  ^  ^  ^
    --                ^  ^  ^  ^  blue
    --                ^  ^  ^  green
    --                ^  ^  red
    --                ^  button id
    --                callback id
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    color = toInt24Color(color)

    return self:sendCommand(
        0x0702,
        callbackFn and function(response)
            response.success = response.id == 0x0302
            callbackFn(response)
        end,
        uint8(buttonID),
        uint24be(color)
    )
end

--- hs.loupedeck.vibrationIndex -> table
--- Constant
--- Descriptions of all the vibration indexes.
mod.vibrationIndex = {
    [1]     = "One short vibration (do)", -- 1 to 9, 17 to 26
    [10]    = "Two quick vibrations (do-de)", -- 37 to 46
    [12]    = "Three quick vibrations (do-de-de)",
    [13]    = "Single ramp down (dooooooooo)",
    [14]    = "Medium length high-pitched (veeeee)",
    [15]    = "Long length high-pitched (veeeeeee)",
    [16]    = "Really long length high-pitched (veeeeeeee)",
    [27]    = "Two quick vibrations (do-do)", -- 27 to 36
    [47]    = "Medium length high-pitched (veeeee)",
    [48]    = "One medium length vibration (veeeeee)",
    [49]    = "One medium length vibration (vuum)",
    [50]    = "Short deep vibration (vum)", -- 50 to 51
    [52]    = "Alarm (vu-ve-ve-ve-ve)", -- 52 to 55
    [56]    = "Deeper Alarm (vu-ve-ve-ve-ve)",
    [58]    = "Ramp (vuuuuuu-vu)", -- 58 to 62
    [63]    = "Ramp (vuuuuuu-ve)",
    [64]    = "Low medium vibration (vuuuuuuuu)", -- 64 to 69
    [70]    = "High to low ramp (veeeeoooo)",
    [71]    = "High to low ramp (voooooooo)",
    [72]    = "High to low ramp (vooooo)",
    [73]    = "High to low ramp (vooo)",
    [74]    = "High to low ramp (voo)",
    [75]    = "High to low ramp (vo)",
    [76]    = "High to low ramp (vooooooo)",
    [77]    = "High to low ramp (vooooo)",
    [78]    = "High to low ramp (voooo)",
    [79]    = "High to low ramp (vooo)",
    [80]    = "High to low ramp (voo)",
    [82]    = "Ramp Up (vvvvvoooooooeeeee)",
    [83]    = "Ramp Up (vvvvvoooooeeee)",
    [84]    = "Ramp Up (vvvoooeee)",
    [85]    = "Ramp Up (vvooee)",
    [86]    = "Ramp Up (vvoe)",
    [87]    = "Ramp Up (voe)",
    [88]    = "Ramp Up (.....vvvoooeeeeee)",
    [89]    = "Ramp Up (...vvvoooeeeeee)",
    [90]    = "Ramp Up (.vvvoooeeeeee)",
    [91]    = "Ramp Up (vvvooe)",
    [92]    = "Ramp Up (vvooe)",
    [93]    = "Ramp Up (voe)",
    [94]    = "Slow and low (vrrrrmmmmmmmmmmmm)",
    [95]    = "Slow and low (vrrrrmmmmmm)",
    [96]    = "Slow and low (vrrrrmmm)",
    [97]    = "Slow and low (vrrrmmm)",
    [98]    = "Almost silent (vrm)",
    [99]    = "Almost silent (vr)",
    [100]   = "Ramp Down - Low and Subtle (vvvrrrmmmmmm)",
    [101]   = "Ramp Down - Low and Subtle (vvvrrrmmmmm)",
    [102]   = "Ramp Down - Low and Subtle (vvrrmmmm)",
    [103]   = "Ramp Down - Low and Subtle (vvrrmmmm)",
    [104]   = "Ramp Down - Low and Subtle (vvrrmmmm)",
    [105]   = "Ramp Down - Low and Subtle (vvrrmm)",
    [106]   = "Ramp Down & Up (vvrrrrmmmmmeeeeee)",
    [107]   = "Ramp Down & Up (vvrrrrmmmmmeeeerrr)",
    [108]   = "Ramp Down & Up (vvrrrmmmeeerrr)",
    [109]   = "Ramp Down & Up (vvrrrmmmeeerrrrr)",
    [110]   = "Ramp Down & Up (vvvrrreee)",
    [111]   = "Up & Down (ver-reh)",
    [112]   = "Up & Down (ver-reh-reee)",
    [113]   = "Up & Down (veeeeer-reeeeeh-reeh)",
    [114]   = "Up & Down (veeeer-reeeeh)",
    [115]   = "Up & Down (veeer-reeeh)",
    [116]   = "Up & Down (veer-reeh)",
    [117]   = "Up & Down (veer-reeh)",
    [118]   = "Extremely long constant (veeeerrrrrrrr...)",
    [119]   = "Down & Up (verr-eehhh)",
    [120]   = "Down & Up (verr-eeh)",
    [121]   = "Down & Up (ver-ehh)",
    [122]   = "Down & Up (ver-ehhh)",
    [123]   = "Down & Up (ver-ehhhh)",
    [125]   = "Ramp Up (ver-eh)",
}

--- hs.loupedeck:vibrate([vibrationIndex, callbackFn]) -> boolean
--- Method
--- Requests the Loupedeck to vibrate.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * vibrationIndex - (optional) The vibra waveform index. Defaults to 25.
---  * callbackFn   - (optional) Function called with a `response` table as the first parameter
---
--- Returns:
---  * `true` if the device is connected and the message was sent.
---
--- Notes:
---  * the `response` contains the `id`, `data`, `success`.
---  * the `success` value is a boolean, `true` or `false`.
---  *
function mod.mt:vibrate(vibrationIndex, callbackFn)
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- COMMAND: 04 1B 6B 19
    --          ^     ^  ^
    --          ^     ^  Vibra waveform index?
    --          ^     Callback ID
    --          Command ID
    --
    -- Sending message (4): (4) 04-1B-6B-19
    -- Message sent (4): (4) 04-1B-6B-19
    -- Message received (4): (4) 04-1B-6B-01
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    return self:sendCommand(
        0x041B,
        callbackFn and function(response)
            response.success = uint8(response.data) == 0x01
            callbackFn(response)
        end,
        uint8(vibrationIndex or 0x19)
    )
end

--- hs.loupedeck:connect() -> none
--- Method
--- Connects to a Loupedeck.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * None
---
--- Returns:
---  * None
---
--- Notes:
---  * The callback with an action of "failed_to_find_device" will trigger
---    if the device cannot be connected to.
function mod.mt:connect()
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- Find the Loupedeck Devices:
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    local devices = mod.findDevices(self.deviceType)
    local device = devices and devices[self.deviceNumber]

    if not device then
        log.ef("Could not connect - no device")
        return
    end

    if device:find("%.") then
        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        -- Attempt to connect via websockets:
        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        local url = "ws://" .. device .. ":80/"
        --log.df("Connecting to %s - Unit %s: %s", self.deviceType, self.deviceNumber, url)
        self.websocket = wshttp.new(url, self:createWebsocketCallback())
    else
        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        -- Attempt to connect via serial:
        --
        -- 9600, no parity, 8 bits, 2 stop bits.
        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        --log.df("Connecting to %s - Unit %s: %s", self.deviceType, self.deviceNumber, device)
        self.websocket = wsserial.new(device, 9600, 8, 2, self:createWebsocketCallback())
    end

    self.websocket:open()
end

--- hs.loupedeck:disconnect() -> none
--- Method
--- Disconnects from the Loupedeck.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * None
---
--- Returns:
---  * None
function mod.mt:disconnect()
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- Black out screens and LEDs:
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    local black = "#000000"
    for _, screen in pairs(mod.screens) do
        self:updateScreenColor(screen, {hex=black})
    end
    for i=7, 26 do
        self:buttonColor(i, {hex=black})
    end

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- Add a slight delay so that the websocket message has time to send:
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    just.wait(0.01)

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- Close the connection:
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    if self.websocket then
        self.websocket:close()
        self.websocket = nil
    end
end

--- hs.loupedeck.new() -> Loupedeck
--- Constructor
--- Creates a new Loupedeck object.
---
--- Parameters:
---  * deviceType - The device type defined in `hs.loupedeck.deviceTypes`
---  * deviceNumber - The number of the device you want to access
---
--- Returns:
---  * None
---
--- Notes:
---  * The deviceType should be either `hs.loupedeck.deviceTypes.LIVE`
---    or `hs.loupedeck.deviceTypes.CT`.
function mod.new(deviceType, deviceNumber)
    local o = {
        deviceType          = deviceType,
        callbackRegister    = {},
        deviceNumber        = deviceNumber,
    }
    setmetatable(o, mod.mt)
    return o
end

--- hs.loupedeck.findDevices(deviceType) -> string | nil
--- Method
--- Searches for a valid IP address for the Loupedeck
---
--- Parameters:
---  * deviceType - The device type defined in `hs.loupedeck.deviceTypes`
---
--- Returns:
---  * An IP address as a string, or `nil` if no device can be detected.
function mod.findDevices(deviceType)

    if not tableContains(mod.deviceTypes, deviceType) then
        log.ef("[hs.loupedeck.findDevices] '%s' is not a valid device type.")
        return
    end

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- NOTE: When upgrading from the 0.0.8 to 0.1.79 firmware on the Loupedeck CT,
    --       the network interface name changed from "LOUPEDECK device" to
    --       "Loupedeck CT". Below is a workaround to support both interface names.
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    local interfaceNames
    if deviceType == mod.deviceTypes.CT then
        interfaceNames = {"LOUPEDECK device", "Loupedeck CT"}
    elseif deviceType == mod.deviceTypes.LIVE then
        interfaceNames = {"Loupedeck Live"}
    end

    local results = {}

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- Find websockets:
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    local interfaces = network.interfaces()
    for _, interfaceID in pairs(interfaces) do
        if tableContains(interfaceNames, network.interfaceName(interfaceID)) then
            local details = interfaceID and network.interfaceDetails(interfaceID)
            local ip = details and details["IPv4"] and details["IPv4"]["Addresses"] and details["IPv4"]["Addresses"][1]
            local lastDot = ip and findLast(ip, "%.")
            local deviceIP = ip and lastDot and string.sub(ip, 1, lastDot) .. "1"
            if deviceIP then
                table.insert(results, deviceIP)
            end
        end
    end

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- Find serial ports filtering by Vendor ID:
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    local availablePortDetails = serial.availablePortDetails()
    local availablePortNames = serial.availablePortNames()
    for _, portName in pairs(availablePortNames) do
        local portDetails = availablePortDetails[portName]
        if portDetails and portDetails.idVendor and portDetails.idVendor == LOUPEDECK_VENDOR_ID then
            if (deviceType == mod.deviceTypes.CT and portDetails.idProduct == LOUPEDECK_CT_ID)
            or (deviceType == mod.deviceTypes.LIVE and portDetails.idProduct == LOUPEDECK_LIVE_ID)
            or (deviceType == mod.deviceTypes.LIVE_S and portDetails.idProduct == LOUPEDECK_LIVE_S_ID) then
                table.insert(results, portName)
            end
        elseif portDetails and portDetails.idVendor and portDetails.idVendor == RAZER_VENDOR_ID then
            if (deviceType == mod.deviceTypes.RAZER_STREAM_CONTROLLER and portDetails.idProduct == RAZER_STREAM_CONTROLLER_ID) then
                table.insert(results, portName)
            end
        end
    end

    table.sort(results)

    return results
end

return mod